(2) Caring: Through the establishment of concepts, the psychology of fear, uneasiness, anxiety, complaint and caring can be alleviated, so that they can feel at ease, relieved, full of hope and confidence in the future world (after death).
(3) Spiritual care (considered by Buddhism as Taoist care): looking back at life through religion and methods, seeking the meaning of life or establishing the value of life, such as eternal life, ascending to heaven, going to the West, etc. Satisfactory hospice care
"Hospice care": a problem that needs the attention of the whole society
1. Hospice care is the inevitable product of the development of social civilization to a certain stage. Usually, it refers to a team composed of doctors, nurses, psychologists, social workers and volunteers, which provides special palliative medical services for terminally ill patients who have no hope of treatment and have a survival time of less than 3 to 6 months, including providing physical and mental comfort and support for their families. Patients who are unable to return to heaven do not have to rely on medical technology and a lot of financial resources to passively prolong their lives, but can rely on basic treatment to alleviate discomfort as a guarantee and spend the rest of their lives according to their own wishes.
Hospice care is the product of modern western society's reflection on instrumental rationality and modernity. It breaks the doctor-led treatment mode and puts the patient's wishes first. Hospice care challenges two habits. One is the concept of western medicine: to prolong life as the highest goal, ignoring the quality of life; The second is traditional filial piety: giving up trauma treatment is equivalent to giving up the lives of loved ones. Hospice care returns to the natural attribute of death, emphasizes that life is the unity of body and mind, and pays attention to the spiritual level of patients, which reverses the life cognition of modern medicine based on Descartes' dualism of body and mind, liberates the dying from hopeless mechanical treatment and gives them the freedom to dominate their lives.
Hospice care presents a high degree of three-dimensional and socialization in practice, which embodies social humanistic care. 65438-0967 was born in Britain, and soon spread to more than 70 countries and regions on five continents, benefiting countless patients and families.
Second, hospice care will directly bring about a "five wins" situation. The first winner is the country. According to the data of the Ministry of Health, 80% of a person's health investment in his life is spent in the last month of his life, which means that hospice care accounts for the largest share of medical expenditure in China. In the United States, for every 1 USD spent on hospice care, 1.52 USD can be saved, and the saved expenses come from patients' treatment expenses, medicine expenses, hospitalization expenses and nursing expenses. In the last year of life, people who practice hospice care spend $2,737 less than those who do not, and spend $3 192 less in the last month. It can be inferred that if hospice care is promoted in China, huge medical expenses will be saved and medical waste will be reduced. In addition, hospice care is public welfare, which can absorb social charity funds and constitute an effective supplement to social medical funds.
The remaining "four wins" are: hospitals. The development of hospice care is helpful to give full play to limited medical resources and alleviate the gap between medical resources and social needs. Medical staff. It is expected to reduce a large number of hopeless cases, which is conducive to establishing and maintaining the professional confidence of doctors and reducing the contradiction between doctors and patients. Dying patients have the right to die, that is, they have a complete right to life. Dying patients can arrange their last days independently to avoid destructive life-prolonging treatment. Family. The intervention of hospice care institutions and teams not only makes up for the shortage and unprofessional problems of modern family nurses, but also provides sufficient humanistic protection. Hospice care usually does not need expensive instruments and equipment, which effectively relieves the financial pressure of patients' families and avoids the situation that "the dead drag the living". Through the whole process of professional help, bereaved people can effectively reduce their grief reaction, resume their normal work and life as soon as possible, and greatly reduce the hidden losses to society.
Third, the problems in China's modernization process have also been experienced by developed countries. Modernization has brought great changes to society, such as population expansion and urbanization concentration, increasingly core family model, high aging population and so on. , leading to the weakening of the traditional care function of the family and the decline in the ability to bear the death of loved ones. This has a negative impact on society and families, and the future situation will be more severe. According to the data published by the National Cancer Registry, about 310.2 million people develop new tumors and 2.7 million people die of cancer every year in China. At present, the population base that needs "hospice care" is increasingly huge, and socialized hospice care services are increasingly prominent.