One, health care, pharmaceutical, washing and dyeing industries, organic solvent hazards:
Organic solvents have a low boiling point, easy to volatilize at room temperature, the main way into the human body is through the respiratory tract inhalation, but also through the skin into the human body. Organic solvents **** homotoxicity is mainly neurotoxic.
Short-term exposure to various high concentrations of solvents can cause similar anesthetic effects, manifested as central nervous system dysfunction, such as disorientation, dizziness, confusion, coma, paralysis, convulsions, etc., and in severe cases can be due to respiratory failure or cardiac arrest and death.
Most poisoned people can recover quickly after being removed from exposure. Long-term chronic exposure to low concentrations of organic solvents cause polyneuropathy, carbon disulfide, n-hexane, methyl n-butyl ketone and so on have damage to the peripheral nerves, manifested as sensory abnormalities up to paralysis, muscular atrophy, slowing of nerve conduction velocity, electromyographic abnormalities.
Organic solvents on other systems of harm, such as the respiratory system have a certain irritation; skin contact with solvents can cause dermatitis, skin allergies, etc.; chronic benzene poisoning can cause damage to the hematopoietic organs, resulting in aplastic anemia and leukemia.
Two, prevention and control
1. Production and use of organic solvents, to strengthen the airtight and ventilation, to reduce the escape of organic solvents and evaporation.
2. The use of automation and mechanization of the operation to reduce the operator's direct contact.
3. Use personal protective equipment such as gas masks or protective gloves.
4. When the skin and mucous membranes are contaminated, they should be rinsed out in time.
5. Do not eat or smoke with contaminated hands.
6. Wash your hands, take a bath and change your clothes.
7. Regular health checkups should be conducted, and appropriate treatment and close dynamic observation should be carried out when signs of poisoning are detected as early as possible.
Expanded:
Occupational disease patients in accordance with the law to enjoy the state which occupational disease treatment
1, the employer shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state, arrangements for occupational disease patients for treatment, rehabilitation and regular examination. The employer is not suitable to continue to engage in the original work of the occupational disease patients, should be transferred from the original post, and proper placement.
2. The costs of treatment and rehabilitation of patients with occupational diseases, and the social security of patients with disabilities and incapacities shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of the State's social insurance for work-related injuries. If a worker is diagnosed as suffering from an occupational disease, but the employer does not participate in the social insurance for work-related injuries in accordance with the law, his or her medical treatment and livelihood security shall be borne by the employer of last resort.
3. The employer shall promptly arrange for the diagnosis of a patient suspected of having an occupational disease; during the period of diagnosis or medical observation of a patient suspected of having an occupational disease, the labor contract entered into by the employer shall not be terminated. The costs of diagnosis and medical observation of patients with suspected occupational diseases shall be borne by the employer.
4. In addition to being entitled to social insurance for occupational injuries in accordance with the law, patients with occupational diseases shall be entitled to claim compensation from their employers if they still have the right to compensation in accordance with the relevant civil laws.
5. If a patient with an occupational disease changes his or her workplace, the treatment he or she is entitled to in accordance with the law remains unchanged.
Qilu.com-Occupational Disease Prevention and Control
Baidu Encyclopedia-Organic Solvents