Fire hydrant system
1. For a multi-story building, the total indoor and outdoor fire hydrant water consumption exceeds 25L/S. The current design is to have a municipal tap water inlet pipe and a fire pool outdoors (to meet the total water consumption for indoor and outdoor firefighting). The water for the indoor fire hydrant is supplied by a pump sucking water from the fire pool and pressurizing it. The outdoor fire water is supplied by the municipal tap water connected to the base. Is it feasible to supply outdoor fire hydrants on the water supply network?
Answer: Although this project has an outdoor fire hydrant connected to the municipal tap water supply pipe network in the base, since there is only one municipal tap water introduction pipe, the outdoor fire water supply still needs to be considered for the fire pool water supply. The protection radius of the fire pool water intake should not be greater than 150 m (the protection radius of the fire pool water intake of high-rise buildings should not be greater than 100 m); the water suction height of the fire truck should not be greater than 6 m. When the above conditions cannot be met, outdoor fire water supply pumps and outdoor fire hydrants should be installed.
2. Category D factory buildings do not have indoor fire hydrants. The water consumption of outdoor fire hydrants is 20L/S, and water flows in all the way. According to the provisions of Article 8.6.2 of the "Construction Regulations", is it possible not to set up a fire pool?
Answer: For Category D factory buildings with less combustible materials, when the water consumption of outdoor fire hydrants is 20L/S, according to paragraph 2 of Article 8.6.1 of the "Building Regulations", there is no need to set up a fire pool.
3. For fire pools that store outdoor fire water, when an outdoor fire water storage lifting pump is provided to supply outdoor fire hydrants, whether a fire pool water inlet is required.
Answer: It doesn’t need to be set.
4. Regarding the fire pool, Article 8.6.2 of the "Building Regulations" stipulates that the distance between the water intake and the building should not be less than 15m (which is often difficult to achieve in design), while the "High Regulations" GB50045-95 7.3. 4 bars are 5m. How to judge.
Answer: Paragraph 6 of Article 10.2.2 of the "Provincial Water Regulations" has been unified as: not less than 5 m.
5. Article 7.3.4 of the "High Regulations": The water depth of the fire pool water intake well for fire trucks to absorb water should ensure that the fire truck water pump water suction height does not exceed 6m. Does it refer to the highest water level or the lowest water level?
Answer: It refers to the lowest water level.
6. For the layout of outdoor fire hydrants, paragraph 4 of Article 8.2.8 of the "Construction Regulations" stipulates that the protection radius of outdoor fire hydrants is 150m. Is this a walking distance or a protection radius? Do you want to fully wrap the building?
Answer: It is the protection radius, and all buildings should be within the protection radius.
7. Regarding the distance between outdoor fire hydrants, the "Building Regulations" are very clear and should not be greater than 120 meters, while the "High Regulations" are unclear. For high-rise buildings, the distance between outdoor fire hydrants exceeds 120 meters. Wrong? Of course, paragraph 2 of Article 6.3.3 of the "Water Provincial Regulations" stipulates that the distance between outdoor fire hydrants should not be greater than 120 meters, but this regulation is a local regulation.
Answer: Projects in Jiangsu Province should implement the "Provincial Water Regulations". According to paragraph 2 of Article 6.3.3 of the "Provincial Water Regulations", the distance between outdoor fire hydrants in high-rise buildings should not be greater than 120 meters.
8. For buildings with civil air defense basements, if there are fire pools and fire pump rooms located in non-civil air defense areas. Is it necessary to set up an independent civil air defense engineering fire pool and booster pump room in the civil air defense area in accordance with Articles 7.4.1 and 7.4.2 of the "Civil Air Defense Regulations"?
Answer: Articles 7.4.1 and 7.4.2 of the "Civil Fire Protection Regulations" do not stipulate that civil air defense projects must be equipped with independent fire pools and booster pump rooms. Firefighting facilities can be shared between civil air defense areas and non-human air defense areas.
9. In food (non-cabinet type) cold storage, when the indoor fire hydrant is installed outside the cold storage and cannot meet the two full water jets to reach any part of the cold storage, how to deal with it?
Answer: Referring to the practice of setting up indoor fire hydrants in non-heated buildings in severe cold areas, a dry system can be used in food (non-cabinet-type) cold storage, but a quick opening and closing device should be installed on the water inlet pipe. An automatic exhaust valve should be installed at the highest point.
10. How should indoor fire hydrants be arranged for commercial service outlets at the bottom of residences?
Answer: For projects within the province, the following methods can be adopted:
(1) Arranged on the exterior walls of commercial service outlets;
(2) At least A single outlet fire hydrant should be installed on the bottom floor of each unit's commercial service outlet. At the same time, it must be calculated whether the sufficient water column of this fire hydrant and the fire hydrant of the commercial service outlet in adjacent units can reach any part of the commercial service outlet.
If a commercial service outlet has a second floor with internal stairs, any part of the second floor should be included in the calculation. When one fire hydrant on the ground floor cannot meet the above requirements, one single outlet fire hydrant can be installed on the upper and lower floors or two single outlet fire hydrants can be installed on the ground floor.
(3) Commercial service outlets cannot meet the requirement for two water jets to reach any part of the room by setting up double valves and double outlet bolts to reduce bolt layout points.
11. Article 8.3.4 of the "Provincial Commercial Regulations" stipulates that a three-story small commercial parallel store should have a closed stairwell. How to set up a fire hydrant to ensure that the abundant water jets from two water guns reach any part of the room at the same time?
Answer: At least one single-outlet fire hydrant should be installed on each floor of the parallel store. At the same time, it must be calculated whether the full water column of the fire hydrant and the fire hydrants on the upper or lower floors can reach any part of the parallel store.
12. The design descriptions of some large-scale production plants (larger in area and volume) do not specify the types of products, process flows and parameters related to production personnel, but simply state that the fire risk of their plants is determined to be "D, E, C" categories, how to conduct review? Does the designer need to provide a basis for determination?
Answer: The fire protection design of the factory must clearly define the fire hazard categories of production. Category D and E factories should indicate the situation of combustible materials in the factory, and Category C factories should indicate what products are produced. The fire protection design of the warehouse should clearly indicate the location of stored items. The type, storage type of items (stacking, single-row shelves, double-row shelves), storage height of items, etc. cannot be reviewed if they are not clear, and should be reviewed by the designer after supplementing the materials.
13. Is it okay to determine the fire hazard classification of yarn-dyed production workshops, winery fermentation, and brewing workshops as "D"? Does the designer have to provide a basis for determination?
Answer: (1) The yarn-dyed production workshop refers to the clothing processing factory; the winery fermentation and brewing workshops refer to the feed processing factory, and the fire risk of their production should be determined as Category C.
(2) If the factory's products are not listed in Table 1 of the "Construction Regulations" provisions, or there is no reference of the same type, the designer should provide the basis for determining the production fire hazard classification, such as Input from the local fire department, etc.
14. The factory building and ancillary office buildings are built next to each other. How to calculate the water consumption for fire protection? Is it calculated based on factories or civil buildings?
Answer: (1) When the factory building and the ancillary office building meet the conditions of two buildings without fire separation, the factory building is designed as an industrial building and the ancillary office building is designed as a civil building.
(2) When the factory building and ancillary office buildings are designed as one building, they should be calculated separately as industrial buildings and civil buildings, whichever is greater.
15. The non-civil defense basement under a multi-story residential building is used as a bicycle garage, and the superstructure meets the conditions for not installing indoor fire hydrants. Questions: (1) If the total construction area is greater than 300 m2 and less than 500 m2, is it necessary to install indoor fire hydrants? (2) If the total building area is greater than 500 m2 (such as 2000 m2), but is divided into multiple fire protection zones less than 500 m2, is it necessary to install an automatic sprinkler system?
Answer: (1) The bicycle garage is a Category E warehouse. According to the annotation in Article 8.3.1 of the "Building Regulations", the bicycle garage does not need to have an indoor fire hydrant.
(2) Automatic sprinkler system is not required.
16. In a first-class high-rise residential building with an area of ??less than 100 m2, the basement partially has a water pump room with an area of ??less than 200 m2 (with a separate exit to the outdoor ground), and is separated from other basements by a firewall. Is it possible to omit it? Install a fire hydrant?
Answer: According to paragraph 1 of Article 4.0.2 of the "Provincial Water Regulations", indoor fire hydrants should be installed.
17. For a multi-story building with commercial floors at the bottom and residential buildings at the top, is it necessary to install an indoor fire hydrant system?
Answer: According to Article 3.0.6 of the "Water Provincial Regulations", residential and commercial buildings in multi-story buildings are designed according to the fire protection requirements of residential buildings and commercial buildings respectively.
The commercial and residential buildings in paragraph 3 of Article 4.0.2 of the "Water Provincial Regulations" do not apply to multi-story buildings.
(1) Commercial: According to paragraph 2, paragraph 8 of Article 4.0.2 and paragraph 5 of Article 8.1.1 of the "Provincial Water Regulations", an indoor fire hydrant system should be installed when the following conditions are met: The commercial volume is >5000 m3; the commercial building area on each floor is >1500 m2; the total commercial building area is >3000 m2; the commercial building is equipped with central air conditioning.
(2) Residence: According to paragraph 5 of Article 4.0.2 of the "Water Provincial Regulations", when the total number of floors is ≤ 7 floors, the residence does not need to have an indoor fire hydrant system; when the total number of floors is > 7 floors , residences must be equipped with indoor fire hydrant systems. (For the calculation method of the number of floors, see the note in Article 8.1.3 of the “Provincial Residential Regulations”).
18. In a multi-story building, the business area of ??a single commercial room on the ground floor is less than 200 square meters, and the volume of the commercial part is less than 5,000 m3; the second to fourth floors of offices have a total volume of more than 5,000 m3 but less than 10,000 m3. After checking Article 8.3.1 of the "Building Regulations", there is no clear requirement to install indoor fire hydrants. Should indoor fire hydrants be installed?
Answer: Projects similar to this type must be designed for fire protection based on the total volume.
According to paragraph 2 of Article 4.0.2 of the "Water Saving Regulations", an indoor fire hydrant system must be installed when the commercial volume is greater than 5,000 m3. It cannot simply be considered that there is no indoor fire hydrant system when the total volume is less than 10,000 m3. .
19. For a multi-story exhibition building with a volume greater than 50,000 m3, according to Article 7.5.2 of the "Water Provincial Regulations", the full water column of the indoor fire hydrant nozzle should not be less than 13m. Based on this, the corresponding water gun flow rate is calculated to be approximately 5.7L/S. Check Table 5.0.4-1, if 4 water guns are used at the same time, the flow rate is 22.8 L/S. Is the design flow rate of the indoor fire hydrant system 20 L/S or 22.8 L/S?
Answer: According to paragraph 1 of Article 8.4.1 of the "Construction Regulations": "When an indoor fire hydrant system, automatic sprinkler system, foam fire extinguishing system or fixed fire monitor fire extinguishing system is simultaneously installed in the building, the other The water consumption for indoor firefighting should be calculated based on the sum of the water consumption of the above-mentioned systems that need to be opened at the same time. When the above-mentioned multiple firefighting systems need to be opened at the same time, the water consumption of indoor fire hydrants can be reduced by 50%, but not less than 10 L/S." This building is also equipped with an indoor fire hydrant system and an automatic sprinkler system. The water consumption of indoor fire hydrants can be reduced by 11.4 L/S. Therefore, the water consumption of indoor fire hydrants in this project is 20 L/S, which meets the water consumption regulations in the specification.
20. For a factory building with a height less than 24 m and a volume less than 10,000 m3, according to Table 8.4.1 of the "Construction Regulations", the water consumption of the fire hydrant is 5 L/S, and the number of water guns used at the same time is 2, each The minimum flow rate of the standpipe is 5 L/S. If a DN65 indoor fire hydrant is used, the actual flow rate of each water gun is about 5 L/S. At this time, the water consumption of the fire hydrant is based on 10 L/S or 5 L/S. value?
Answer: Take the value according to 10 L/S.
21. Can Article 7.1.5 of the "Water Saving Regulations" be understood to mean that when the indoor and outdoor fire water consumption of a civil building is not greater than 25L/S, only roof fire water tanks and pressurization equipment can be installed? No fire pool and fire main pump? Does this article apply to industrial buildings (such as Category E factory buildings)?
Answer: Not all multi-story civil buildings with indoor and outdoor fire water consumption of no more than 25 L/S can use only roof fire water tanks and pressurization equipment without fire pools and fire main pumps. Fire water supply system. Buildings using this fire water supply system are generally small in size, with only one building, and have sufficient municipal tap water but insufficient water pressure, and must obtain the consent of the local fire department in advance. This article does not apply to industrial buildings.
22. Article 7.1.5 of the "Water Saving Regulations" mentions the use of booster pumps instead of fire water pumps. In this case, is the volume of the fire water tank calculated based on the water consumption in 10 minutes?
Answer: The volume of the fire water tank is calculated based on the fire water consumption for 10 minutes.
23. Article 7.3.4 of the "Water Saving Regulations" mentions that indoor fire hydrants should be installed in places where cooling towers are installed. Questions: (1) Does the cooling tower here refer to the cooling tower installed on the roof? ? (2) At this time, the indoor fire hydrant box is located outdoors. If there are no walls or columns around for installing the fire hydrant box, can a floor-standing fire cabinet be used? (3) During the design of a certain project, most of the roof area is equipped with solar collectors, and the cooling tower is placed on the roof of the equipment room such as the fire water tank room on the roof. At this time, the fire water tank is lower than the fire hydrant that protects the cooling tower. How to design?
Answer: (1) Includes all places where cooling towers are placed. (2) If there are no surrounding walls or columns for installing fire cabinets, floor-standing fire cabinets can be installed, and antifreeze measures should be taken. (3) Usually fire water tanks should be placed at the highest part of the roof.
If the fire water tank is lower than the fire hydrant at the most unfavorable point under special circumstances, a pressurization facility should be installed on the outlet pipe of the fire water tank.
24. Paragraph 2 of Article 7.4.1 of the "Water Provincial Regulations" stipulates that fire hose reels should be installed in residential and commercial buildings in Category I high-rise buildings. Residential and commercial buildings are not required to install fire hose reels, but what if developers refuse to accept it? Other provinces and cities apply the "high regulations", and residential and commercial buildings in Class I high-rise buildings do not need to install fire hose reels.
Answer: All projects in Jiangsu Province must implement the "Provincial Water Regulations".
Residential and commercial buildings in Category I high-rise buildings should be equipped with fire hose reels.
25. When a fire hydrant system is installed in a garage located in a civil air defense project, is it necessary to install a fire hose reel?
Answer: Paragraph 6 of Article 7.6.2 of the "Civil Fire Protection Regulations" stipulates that fire hose reels should be installed at indoor fire hydrants.
But Article 7.3.14 also stipulates: "The fire protection design of garages and garages located in civil air defense projects should be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Code for Design of Fire Protection of Garages, Garages and Parking Lots" GB50067." Since the "Steam Regulations" do not require the installation of fire hose reels, garages located in civil air defense projects do not need to be equipped with fire hose reels. However, when fire hydrant systems are installed in other places within civil air defense projects, fire hose reels should be installed.
26. A certain building does not need to install indoor fire hydrants according to relevant regulations, but fire hose reels are required. During the design, indoor fire hydrants are used instead of fire hose reels. Does this design meet the specification requirements?
Answer: The design complies with the specification requirements.
27. When the water source of the fire hose reel is connected from the domestic water supply system, what are the pressure requirements?
Answer: Just meet the water pressure of the domestic water supply system.
28. In the 18-story unit house shown in the picture below, the entrance garden is the front room of the fire elevator. There is a single riser, double valve and double outlet fire hydrant in the two entrance gardens on the left and right. Does it meet the specification requirements?
Answer: The fire hydrant settings in the picture above comply with the specification requirements. However, it should be noted that if the entrance garden is used as an inner space, the fire hydrant cannot be installed in the entrance garden.
29. According to Article 7.4.7.2 of the "High-level Regulations", as long as the high-level fire water tank meets the hydrostatic pressure requirements of the fire hydrant at the most unfavorable point, there is no need to set up pressurization facilities. For high-rise residential buildings with a jump storey on the top floor How to understand? Because the indoor fire hydrant is located on the next floor of the loft, it can generally meet the hydrostatic pressure requirements.
Answer: For high-rise residential buildings with a jump storey on the top floor, the jump storey should be used as the most unfavorable point to calculate the hydrostatic pressure of the fire hydrant.
30. The "High Regulations" require vertical zoning when the hydrostatic pressure of fire hydrants exceeds 1.0MPa.