Sensing technology is not only the basis for instrumentation to realize detection, but also the basis for instrumentation to realize control. This is not only because the control must be based on the detection of input information, and because the control to achieve the accuracy and state, it is necessary to sense, otherwise it is not clear that the control effect of the control is still blind control.
Broadly speaking, sensing technology must sense three aspects of information, they are the state of the objective world and information, the state of the system being measured and controlled and information, and the operator needs to understand the state of the information and control instructions. It should be noted that the objective world is infinite, and the perception of the objective world by the measurement and control system mainly focuses on the objective environment related to the target (referred to as the established target environment), while the environmental information outside the established target environment can be collected by other methods. The measured and controlled system can be a simple object or a single sample, a complex unmanned direct manipulation of the automatic system, a large-scale automated system or social activity system operated by people (groups), or the human body. Sensing technology aimed at the health, physiological and psychological state of the human body is the basis and core of medical diagnostic instruments. The operator can be a single person, but in the case of systematization and networking is often a group of operators under different positions.
Narrowly speaking, sensing technology is mainly the detection of useful information in the objective world, which includes useful to be measured sensitive technology, involving various disciplines, remote sensing telemetry, new materials and other technologies; information fusion technology, involving the distribution of sensors, weak signal extraction (enhancement), the fusion of sensing information, imaging and other technologies, sensor manufacturing technology, involving microprocessing, biochip, new processes and other technologies. Sensor manufacturing technology, involving microprocessing, biochip, new technology, etc. Human-computer interface technology is mainly for the convenience of instrumentation operators or with instrumentation of the main equipment, the main system operator to operate the instrumentation or the main equipment, the main system services. It makes instrumentation become a direct operating tool for human beings to recognize the world and transform the world. Instrumentation, even with the instrumentation of the main equipment, the main system of operability, maintainability is mainly by the human-computer interface technology to complete. Instrumentation with a beautiful, delicate, simple operation, easy maintenance of the human-computer interface, often become the choice of instrumentation and instrumentation with the main equipment, the main system of an important condition.
Human-computer friendly interface technology including display technology, hard copy technology, human-computer dialogue technology, fault artificial intervention technology. Considering the operator from a single machine to a single person to the systematic, networked situation of many different positions of the operator group development, man-machine friendly interface technology is to man-machine large system technology development. In addition, with the systematic and networked development of instrumentation, the technology of identifying specific operators and preventing the intervention of non-operators is also receiving increasing attention. With the instrumentation and measurement and control system application fields are expanding, reliability technology, especially in some military, aerospace, electric power, nuclear industry facilities, large-scale engineering and industrial production play an important role in improving combat effectiveness and maintaining normal work. Once the failure of these sectors will lead to disastrous consequences. Therefore, the reliability of the device, security, maintainability, especially including the measurement and control system, including the reliability of the entire system, security, maintainability is particularly important. Like August 15, 2003, the United States, Canada, a large area of blackout accident, is never should be caused by part of the equipment failure and expansion!
Instrumentation and measurement and control system reliability technology in addition to measurement and control devices and measurement and control system reliability technology, but also to include the measurement and control devices and systems failures when the failure of the fault handling technology. Measurement and control devices and system reliability, including self-diagnosis of faults, self-isolation technology, fault repair technology, fault-tolerant technology, reliability design technology, reliability manufacturing technology.