The 2023 An An chemical practice questions and answer analysis related to the following:
1, about the chemical construction project hazard and operability analysis (HAZOP) of the lead word is (accompanied).
2, chemical accident emergency rescue process requires the establishment of on-site emergency response headquarters and medical emergency point, about the establishment of on-site emergency response headquarters and medical emergency point is (within the area closed to traffic and suitable for management).
3, in the chemical production process, may lead to fire and explosion accidents are (equipment failure, abnormal process conditions, operational errors).
4, the basic principles of chemical production safety management (people-oriented, prevention-oriented, comprehensive management).
Judgment questions:
1, chemical enterprise employees should receive production safety education and training, master the production safety knowledge required for their jobs, improve production safety skills, and enhance the ability to prevent accidents and emergency response. (Right).
2, any unit or individual shall not obstruct and interfere with the investigation of the accident scene according to law. (Right).
Short answer questions:
1, please briefly explain how chemical enterprises to strengthen the construction of occupational health and safety management system?
(1) to develop clear goals and plans: enterprises need to clarify the objectives and plans for the construction of occupational health and safety management system, including clarifying the tasks of the various stages, time nodes, responsible persons.
(2) Establishment of organizational structure and division of responsibilities: Enterprises should establish the organizational structure of the OHS management system, and clarify the responsibilities and division of labor of personnel at all levels to ensure the implementation and operation of the system.
(3) Strengthening training and education: Employees should be trained and educated in occupational health and safety knowledge and skills to improve their occupational health and safety awareness and ability.
(4) Improve the management system and operating procedures: formulate and improve the OHS management system and operating procedures, clarify the processes and standards of each work, and ensure the standardization and scientificity of the work.
(5) Strengthening on-site management and supervision: Strengthening OHS management at the production site, conducting regular safety inspections and evaluations, and discovering and dealing with existing safety problems in a timely manner.
(6) Establishment of emergency plan and response mechanism: In response to possible emergencies and accidents, the company establishes an emergency plan and response mechanism, clarifies the emergency disposal process and responsible persons, and ensures that it can respond in a timely and effective manner.
(7) Continuous improvement and refinement: Continuous improvement and refinement of the occupational health and safety management system, adjusting and perfecting the systems and measures according to the actual situation, and continuously improving the system's scientific nature and effectiveness.
(8) Audit and evaluation: Periodic audit and evaluation of the OHS management system, to understand the operation of the system and the existing problems, and put forward suggestions and measures for improvement.
(9) Strengthening communication and collaboration: Strengthen communication and collaboration between various departments within the enterprise to ensure the effective implementation and operation of the OHS management system.
(10) Implementation of accountability system: For personnel who violate the OHS management system and operating procedures, they should be held accountable and penalized in strict accordance with the regulations as a warning.
2, please list three common emergency disposal methods for chemical spills.
(1) Leak source control: stop all operations and close the relevant valves; after a leak in the pipeline, the supply valve should be closed in time; after a leak in a steel drum, turn the leak mouth upward, transfer the liquid in the drum to other empty drums and put the lid on.
(2) leakage disposal: on-site leakage should be promptly diverted, covered, absorbed, processed, so that the leakage is safe and reliable disposal, to prevent the occurrence of secondary accidents. There are three main methods of disposal of leaks: diversion, covering, absorption.
(3) self-protection: the personnel to participate in the leakage treatment should have a full understanding of the nature of the leaking chemicals and reflect the characteristics, to be in the high and upwind of the treatment. It is strictly prohibited to act alone, there must be a guardian around. If necessary, the application of water cannons, water cannons as a cover; according to the nature of the leakage and the form of toxic contact, select the appropriate protective equipment, strengthen the emergency treatment of personal safety protection, to prevent casualties or poisoning accidents in the treatment works.
3, please briefly describe the chemical enterprise response to emergencies.
(1)Establishment of emergency plan: to develop an emergency plan for possible emergencies, to clarify the response process and the responsible person, to ensure that in case of emergency can quickly respond.
(2) Enhance training and drills: Conduct emergency training and drills for employees to improve their emergency response awareness and ability, and ensure that they understand how to respond to emergencies.
(3) Establish an emergency rescue team: establish a professional emergency rescue team, equipped with advanced rescue equipment and devices, to ensure that in the event of an emergency can quickly arrive at the scene to rescue.