1, hand hygiene techniques include which kinds?
Answer: hand washing, hygienic hand disinfection, surgical hand disinfection
2, the implementation rules of the grade review of tertiary general hospitals require that the hand hygiene compliance rate of medical staff to reach how much? Answer: ≥95%
3, the purpose of hand washing?
Answer: to remove hand skin dirt, debris and some pathogenic bacteria.
4, hygienic hand disinfection is the purpose?
Answer: to reduce the hands of temporary resident bacteria
5, surgical hand disinfection is the purpose of what?
Answer: to remove or kill the hand transient bacteria and reduce resident bacteria.
6. Which hand hygiene method is preferred when there is no visible contamination of the hands
Answer: Disinfecting hands with a quick-drying hand sanitizer.
7. When washing hands, how long do you rub your hands together?
Answer: not less than 15 seconds.
8. In which year was the first hand hygiene campaign organized?
Answer: 2011
9. What is the theme of this "Hand Hygiene Promotion Month" campaign?
Answer: Medical safety starts with hand hygiene
10, what is the simplest, most effective, most convenient and most economical measure to control hospital infections?
Answer: Hand washing
11, five moments of hand hygiene?
Answer: Before contact with the patient, before cleaning / aseptic operation, after exposure to body fluids, after contact with the patient, after contact with the patient's surroundings
12, to determine the intestinal flora dysbiosis is the fastest, most intuitive, the most accurate method is what?
Answer: direct stool smear, Gram stain, microscopic examination.
13. Which antimicrobials are naturally resistant to A. baumannii?
Answer: ampicillin, amoxicillin, 1st generation cephalosporins
14, under what circumstances can vancomycin be used as surgical prophylaxis?
Answer: Methicillin-resistant staphylococci have a high incidence of 'health care institutions if the foreign body implantation surgery (such as artificial heart valve implantation, permanent pacemaker placement, artificial joint replacement, etc.) can be selected vancomycin prophylaxis of infection.
15, the types of medical waste include
Answer: infectious waste, injurious waste, chemical waste, pharmaceutical waste, pathological waste
16, what are the preventive measures for surgical site infection?
Answer: choose the correct way to prepare the skin (with clipping if necessary);
preoperative chlorhexidine skin disinfectant bath;
reasonable prophylactic use of antimicrobial drugs;
abdominal surgery patients to maintain the correct body temperature;
perioperative glycemic control.
17 What are the prophylactic measures for vascular catheter-related bloodstream infections?
Answer: adopting the maximum sterile barrier (medical staff wearing caps and masks to operate; patients using the maximum sterile sheet); strict implementation of hand hygiene system (hand washing and wearing sterile gloves);
using chlorhexidine-ethanol to disinfect the skin;
avoiding the choice of femoral venous puncture as much as possible;
routine assessment of cannulation site condition and necessity.
18: What are the top five multidrug-resistant bacteria detected in the first quarter of our hospital?
Answer: ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, ESBL-producing Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Second, right and wrong questions:
1, medical personnel should wear sterile gloves for invasive operations, gloves should wash their hands before wearing gloves, gloves do not have to wash their hands after removing. This statement is right or wrong? Why?
Answer: Wrong! The use of gloves is not a substitute for hand washing. Because gloves can break and hands can become contaminated when they are removed. If you wear gloves for too long, the hands inside the gloves will be warm and wet, which is more conducive to bacterial growth, and pathogenic bacteria may contaminate your hands through the cracks in the gloves. Therefore, wearing gloves can not completely shield pathogenic microorganisms, can not adequately protect the staff, and can not prevent cross-infection.
2. What are the strategies for prevention and control of multidrug-resistant bacteria?
Answer: hand hygiene, contact isolation, reduction of equipment **** use, environmental cleanliness, combined prevention of hospital-acquired infections, active monitoring of culture, chlorhexidine bathing, and antimicrobial drug management.
3, a patient with an open calf injury, the wound is slightly contaminated, after admission to the hospital to give debridement and surgical treatment, 52 hours after the operation, the wound is red, swollen, with purulent secretion, is the diagnosis of wound infection? What tests are needed to support the diagnosis? Is it a hospital-acquired infection? Answer: It can be diagnosed as surgical incision infection, and secretion smear, staining and bacterial culture are needed. It belongs to hospital infection.
4. All endoscopes and their accessories that enter the sterile tissues and organs of the human body or enter the sterile chambers of the human body through surgical incisions, such as laparoscopes, arthroscopes, ventriculoscopes, cystoscopes, hysteroscopes, etc., must be sterilized.
Answer. Should be "must be sterilized"
5, sterile holding forceps dry storage, should be replaced twice a day.
Answer: Wrong. Replace every 4 hours.
6. To prevent bloodstream infections due to intravascular catheters, infusion tubes should be routinely changed daily.
Answer: Wrong. Routine daily replacement of infusion tubes should not be
Third, single choice questions:
1, the following views are wrong: D
A hospital infections should be "zero tolerance" attitude, as far as possible, to avoid every case of hospital infection;
B doctors should be carried with quick-drying hand sanitizers, hand sanitizers, hand sanitizers, hand sanitizers, hand sanitizers, hand sanitizers, hand sanitizers, hand sanitizers, hand sanitizers, and hand sanitizers.
C Wearing gloves is not a substitute for hand washing;
D Good hand hygiene is only to protect the patient, not to protect the medical staff.
2, in order to prevent the spread of drug-resistant bacteria, WHO recommended the standard hand hygiene method is?C
A ordinary soap / soap hand washing
B antibacterial soap / soap hand washing
C alcohol-containing handrub hand rub
D iodine povidone hand rub
3, wearing masks, which is incorrect? A
A Surgical masks are worn with the wrinkles downward side facing inward
B Wash your hands or practice strict hand hygiene before wearing a mask
C Masks are required to cover the mouth, nose, and chin
D Masks have a soft metal strip upward on one side
4. How long is it required for cases of hospital-acquired infections to be reported to the hospital's infection management department? A
A 24 hours B 48 hours C 1 week D before discharge
5, take secretion sampling, which of the following sampling method is correct C
A disinfectant swab wiping - sterile saline wet swab sampling
B disinfectant swab wiping --C Saline swab wiping - sterile saline wet swab sampling
D Saline swab wiping - dry swab sampling
D Saline swab wiping - dry swab Sampling
6, antimicrobial drugs associated with diarrhea is the main pathogen C
A Staphylococcus aureus B Candida albicans C Clostridium difficile D Escherichia coli
7, according to the "diagnostic criteria for hospital infections," the surgical site of the surgical site of the implant surgery occurs how many days after the operation is a hospital infection D
A before discharge B within 30 days C within half a year D within one year
8, droplet transmission is a kind of proximity transmission, proximity means: A
A 1 meters B 1. 2 meters C 1. 5 meters D 2 meters
9, if the blood culture specimen can not be transported in a timely manner, it should be temporarily stored in what environment? C
A 4 ℃ B -18 ℃ C room temperature D does not matter
10, on the wearing of gloves is wrongly described as: B
A invasive operation should wear sterile gloves
B if it is not aseptic operation, the different patients between the gloves can be not changed
C remove the gloves should be washed hands
D should wash their hands before wearing gloves
11, the difference between disinfection and sterilization mainly lies in the ability to kill D
A pathogenic microorganisms B non-pathogenic microorganisms C bacterial propagules D spores
12, according to the "Hospital Infection Diagnostic Criteria" regulations, no implantation of the surgical site of surgery occurs after how many days of the infection is a hospital infection D
A Discharge Before B within 10 days C within 20 days D within 30 days
13, The frequency of replacement of common urine collection bags and catheters are D
A daily and weekly B every 3-4 days and weekly
C daily and every 2 weeks D every 3-4 days and every 2 weeks
14, An outbreak of hospital-acquired infections is the occurrence of homologous infections in a short period of time among patients in a healthcare facility or its departments. Mask, hat, gloves, protective mask D Mask, hat, gloves, protective mask D Mask, hat, gloves, protective mask D Mask, hat, gloves, protective mask D Mask, hat, gloves, protective mask D Mask, hat, gloves, protective mask D Mask, hat, gloves, protective mask D Mask, hat, gloves, protective mask D Mask, hat, gloves, protective mask D Mask, hat, gloves, protective mask D Mask, hat, gloves, protective mask D Mask, gloves, protective mask D -isolated wound-infected wound D isolated wound-infected wound-clean wound
17, containers of medical waste to reach the number of wrappers or containers, should be used to effective closure. C
A 1/2 B 2/3 C 3/4 D 4/5
18, "restricted-use" antimicrobial drug treatment of hospitalized patients microbiological delivery rate should be: C
A ≥20% B ≥30% C ≥50% D ≥60%
19, clean incision perioperative Antimicrobial prophylaxis utilization rate should be:B
A ≤20% B ≤30% C ≤50% D ≤60%
20, MRSA lung infection patients who can not be placed in a single room is best placed in the same room with which of the following types of patients? C
A patients with tracheotomy B patients with open wounds
C patients with MRSA urinary tract infections D patients with deep vein cannulation
According to the "Diagnostic Criteria for Hospital-acquired Infections," the key points for diagnosis of urinary tract infections include A
A Patients with symptoms of urinary tract irritation such as urinary frequency, urinary urgency, and urinary pain, and effective antimicrobial therapy can be diagnosed as urinary tract infections
p> B must be urine culture of bacteria can be diagnosed as urinary tract infection
C indwelling catheterized patients, urinalysis leukocytes ≥ 10 / high power visual field
21, 35 ℃, the doubling time of Escherichia coli in the urine specimen is usually C
A 2 ~ 3 seconds B 2 ~ 3 minutes C 20 ~ 30 minutes D 2 ~ 3 hours
The use of chlorine-containing disinfectants When disinfecting items contaminated with blood-borne pathogens, mycobacteria and bacterial spores, the concentration and duration of action of effective chlorine are: C
A 500mg-1000mg 30 minutes
B 1000mg-2000mg 30 minutes
C 2000mg-5000mg 30 minutes
D 2000mg-5000mg 60 minutes
22, close contact with patients with respiratory infectious diseases transmitted by air or droplet should wear which kind of masks: D
A gauze mask B medical disposable mask <
C Surgical masks D Medical protective masks
4. Multiple choice questions
1. Which of the following is a hospital-acquired infection? B C D E
A Infections acquired by infants through the placenta, such as cytomegalovirus, toxoplasmosis within 48h of the onset of disease
B Neonatal thrush
C Potential infections activated as a result of diagnostic and therapeutic measures, such as infections of herpes viruses, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, etc.
D Artificial joint replacement surgery six months after the emergence of the surgical site of the swelling, pain, diagnostic joint puncture bacterial culture for Staphylococcus aureus
E Medical staff receiving a patient with influenza A, flu-like symptoms, laboratory diagnosis of influenza A
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2. Which of the following belongs to the medical waste? B C D E
A infusion bottles/bags that have not been in contact with the patient's body fluids B disposable surgical masks after use
C wound dressings for surgical patients D infusion sets after use
E the living garbage of patients with infectious diseases
3. Contact isolation applies to which of the following diseases?A B C D E
A Cellulitis B Acute conjunctivitis C Multiple Drug-resistant bacterial infections
D Impetigo E Skin infections
4, sterilized items are considered to have been contaminated in which case?A B C D E
A Wet to the touch B In contact with wet objects C Accidentally dropped on the floor
D Loose packaging E Outer packaging with visible water stains ;