Engineering is the mother of engineering, the foundation of world industrialization and the intelligentization of information machines, and one of the best engineering majors in history.
This is an applied science based on mathematics and physics, which studies and solves various theoretical and practical problems in mechanical design, mechanical manufacturing, electromechanical engineering and its automation.
The research scope of mechanical engineering has expanded to include robotics, laser processing, integrated circuit manufacturing equipment, biological manufacturing and other frontier fields.
Mechanical engineering is a first-class discipline in the discipline catalogue of the Ministry of Education.
Mechanical manufacturing, mechanical automation, mechanical and electronic engineering, mechanical design and theory, vehicle engineering and many other two subject courses, power engineering, precision instruments, industrial engineering, aerospace and many other professional courses are related to mechanical engineering.
0 1 is always new.
Traditional engineering and new engineering are not antagonistic, even emerging industries, such as robot engineering, are not specific professional counterparts, but are closely related to traditional machinery, electromechanical integration, automation and other professions.
For most universities, new engineering education does not mean that new majors must be set up. It is more realistic to use old bottles of new wine.
Upgrade existing engineering majors. For example, mechanical engineering majors, combined with the development and demand of intelligent manufacturing, implement new engineering education. Candidates do not have to exclude traditional engineering majors when choosing majors.
In the first industrial revolution, which began in the second half of the18th century, the invention of textile machinery replaced the labor force.
The invention and application of industrial steam engine greatly promoted the mechanization of human society.
At present, the machinery industry has become a basic industry, and the development of most industrial industries such as aerospace, shipbuilding, drilling, mining, construction machinery, agricultural machinery, transportation and so on can not be separated from the technical support of the machinery industry.
The machinery industry is needed to support the manufacturing of infrastructure.
The machinery industry can be said to be the equipment department of the national economy.
In the catalogue of undergraduate majors, mechanical majors include mechanical engineering, mechanical design and manufacturing, mechanical automation, material forming and control engineering, process equipment and control engineering.
Among them, the major of mechanical design, manufacturing and automation is one of the engineering majors with the longest running time in colleges and universities in China, which mainly trains related talents with the ability of mechanical industry equipment design, development and application.
With the development of society, machinery is moving from tradition to intelligence, which requires employees to use the theories and methods of advanced design and manufacturing technology to solve complex technical problems in modern engineering and realize intelligent design and manufacturing of products.
Mechanical design and manufacturing, mechanical automation specialty, this ancient specialty is also undergoing profound changes, and is developing into an interdisciplinary subject based on mechanical structure design, processing and manufacturing, integrating automatic control technology, information technology and computer science and technology.
Wide caliber, thick foundation, very practical.
With the introduction of "Made in China 2025" and new engineering majors, most colleges and universities have developed to the requirements of large caliber, thick foundation, emphasis on practice and innovation consciousness in the training of mechanical design and manufacturing and mechanical automation majors. The first three requirements are directly reflected in classroom learning.
Wide caliber refers to the integration of electronic information automation technology and management technology into the curriculum system on the basis of mechanical knowledge system, so that students can adapt to a broad field of work. Taking Tianjin University, a strong engineering school, as an example, the project clearly stipulates that students of this major need to study five series of courses: mechanics series, electrical and electronic and computer series, design series, manufacturing series and measurement series.
The profound connotation is to attach importance to the study of basic courses such as mathematics and mechanics. Advanced mathematics, linear algebra, probability statistics, college physics, material mechanics, electrotechnics and theoretical mechanics are the basic courses offered in most universities.
Paying attention to practice means paying attention to students' basic skills training and engineering training. The basic skill of this major is mechanical drawing. It is the only way for students of this major to learn by hand drawing first, then learning drawing software such as CAD and completing some designs in the course.
Generally speaking, this major requires students to have a certain sketching foundation, so it is necessary to decompose the machine into surveying and mapping.
When conceiving a new structure and a new product, the effect diagram and explosion diagram of the product structure can be drawn by sketching.
Exclusive to Fortune 500 companies.
Mechanical professional counterpart enterprises cover the whole manufacturing industry such as automobiles, electronics, communications, heavy equipment, precision equipment and medical devices.
Among them, there are not only technical titles such as cost engineer, design engineer and test engineer, but also other titles such as quality management, production management, project management, supply chain management and industrial engineering management, especially core titles such as design and research and development.
Popular majors and representative enterprises
construction machinery
Xugong Group, Sany Heavy Industry, Zoomlion, Shantui, Shanghai Electric, etc.
aircraft manufacturing
China Comac, China Hangfa, etc.
Railway traffic
Institute of Iron Science, Beijing Rail Transit Technology and Equipment Group, CRRC, Zhuji Institute, etc.
Railway traffic
Yin Rui photoelectric technology.
Goer audio, Lixin precision, etc.
automobile
SAIC, FAW, Mercedes-Benz, Geely Future Automobile, United Automotive Electronics, Zhonghui Automobile, Pan Asia Automobile, Complete Vehicle and Auto Parts Enterprises.
household appliances
Midea Group, Gree Intelligent, Hisense Group, Haier Group, Skyworth Group, etc.
Medical instruments
Miley medical center.
Set up biomedicine, minimally invasive medical devices, Siemens, Philips, General Motors, etc.
robot
Hikvision, DJI Innovation, Song Xin Robot, Huichuan Technology, abb, Fanuc, etc.
new energy
Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd., ningde new energy BYD, Yuan Jing Energy, etc.
Energy and electricity
State Grid, Schlumberger, Siemens, Emerson.
China General Nuclear Power Group Shanghai Electric.
Changyuan Shenrui and Huichuan Technology.
Dongfang Electric, Goldwind Technology, Shenma Electric Power, etc.
Integrated circuit display
Intel, Huawei, BOE, TCL.
Jingwei Hengrun, Visionox, Yu Rou Technology, etc.
Telecommunication electronic equipment
Huawei, ZTE, Xinhua III, Pulian Technology, Dahua Technology, Xiaomi, OPPO, vivo
Quartermaster industrial group
China National Nuclear Corporation, China Aerospace, Aerospace Science and Technology, AVIC, CSIC, China Ordnance Industry, Ordnance Group, China Electric Branch, etc.
research institute
Shanghai Aerospace Eighth Institute.
Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics.
CSIC 7 19。
China 14th Institute of Electrical Engineering.
AVIC, Nanjing Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, etc.
……
But the specialty is not spacious and elegant, and the traditional mechanical parts and transmission are rarely occupied. When I graduated, I suspected that my major was powerless.
From the standpoint, it is physics, material science, programming computer, signal engineering automation and measurement and control, telecommunications, not to mention circuit design. I only know a little anyway.
The choice of employment direction is really wide, and most students can find their own interests.
In terms of employment, both undergraduate and graduate students, in fact, most of them start from front-line work and slowly exercise in front-line posts, and their development direction is also very broad, non-technical sales and consulting.
The technical foundation includes micro and micro systems, silicon crystal manufacturing, large space technology and equipment.
3D printing additive manufacturing rising from traditional casting grinding.
From physical manufacturing experiments to virtual numerical operation and simulation, there are many kinds of machines, but they all need professional in-depth study.
If you like the slow and agile pace of work, or you haven't decided on the specific small direction in the future, and want to learn knowledge in different fields and leave more room for change, this major may be very suitable for you.
Who is suitable for studying mechanical major?
First, a solid foundation in mathematics and physics.
There are many math and physics classes in mechanical specialty.
Moreover, it is a compulsory course. For students majoring in machinery, solid knowledge of mathematics and physics is very important for future scientific research and entering the field of manufacturing engineering. If you can't fully master the four strength theories of material mechanics, it will be difficult to study related courses of mechanical design in the future.
In addition, in order to master the relevant knowledge of materials, mechanical majors require students to have a certain chemical foundation.
Material is the foundation of machinery industry, and students majoring in machinery should be clear about the knowledge of yield stress milling, steel consumption and Shore hardness in basic parameters such as conventional metals and plastics.
For students with weak science foundation, if they choose mechanical major, they should be prepared to work harder on the course. Otherwise, in the face of difficult courses, learning will become painful, and it is recommended to apply carefully.
Second, have a computer foundation.
For students majoring in mechanical engineering, if they want to engage in highly technical jobs after graduation, they must take computer science courses during their college years.
Learn more drawing software, at least people say that a product, you have to be able to write three-dimensional design drawings and design virtual products, which requires spatial imagination, drawing ability and computer software application ability.
You must also master a variety of programming languages, including Matlab, Python, C and java.
These are the keys for mechanical graduates to maintain good competitiveness in the fierce competitive environment.
Computer courses for mechanical majors take care of zero-degree students more than those for computer and electronic information majors. I probably didn't know much about computer-related programming software in high school. So you don't need to force the computer foundation, but at least you don't hate learning in the computer field. Those who are interested in the foundation can dig deeper.
Third, foreign language ability.
English is an important ability for most people.
Mechanical specialty is no exception. The value brought by outstanding English ability in college may be rarely reflected, but in the future, people with good English foundation will have more opportunities to work in the machinery industry or conduct scientific research and study in academia.
During college, students majoring in mechanical engineering should learn mechanical English, learn to read the English version of the mechanical manual, and master many English professional terms in the mechanical field. Of course, understanding monographs and manuals is the basic requirement, and fluency in listening, speaking, reading and writing in foreign languages is undoubtedly very competitive.
The machinery industry is still dominated by enterprises under the background of foreign capital. Most of the enterprises with favorable treatment and promising industry prospects are foreign-funded enterprises. From the perspective of personal career development, people with high foreign language level can get more job opportunities and development space.
Fourth, painting ability.
Mechanical specialty is a very delicate specialty, which often involves design, so it takes a lot of time to study engineering drawing course. In this course, ruler drawing and CAD drawing must have basic skills and be mastered quickly.
In addition, self-study of engineering drawing is very difficult. Because in the absence of guidance, it is difficult to judge whether the picture you have drawn is correct. So be sure to cooperate with the teacher's progress. Without a certain painting foundation, it may be difficult to keep up with the progress. Then, it is the mechanical design that I learned later.
The hydraulic system may not understand this diagram.
However, the accuracy of drawing is far more important than aesthetics. Almost all mechanical industries use CAD, Pro/e, Solidworks, UG, GATIA and other computer software to draw, so the basis of drawing is not as important as the computer's ability.
Fifth, acquire operational capabilities and put them into practice.
In addition to the necessary training links such as mechanical drawing practice and production period, according to the learning direction, it also involves mechanical system, computer simulation manufacturing, engineering practice, material processing, experimental materials, molding process experiment, control engineering experiment, electromechanical engineering experiment and electromechanical system practice.
Practical courses such as manufacturing equipment design practice.
There will be many places for manual operation in the study of mechanical specialty. After three or four years of college, the school will send students to the factory for production practice. If you want to work hard in the machinery industry in the future, you must be good at assembling and transforming equipment while accumulating solid professional and technical strength.
What are the prospects after graduation in 2005?
The employment rate of the first major is very high.
Most mechanical graduates want to enter this major, and most mechanical graduates eventually enter the job market. The industries favored by graduates are concentrated in medical devices, telecom hardware, network information, heavy equipment, precision equipment, semiconductors, automation equipment and standardized parts, especially those with foreign investment background.
Among them, R&D, mechanical design and other jobs with good development prospects are the core positions in mechanical jobs.
Second, the employment rate is high and the employment field is wide.
When it comes to the employment of mechanical specialty, many people immediately think of the roaring machines and busy workers in the factory.
Generally, mechanical undergraduate graduates usually have an internship period of about one year at the beginning of their work.
Its main purpose is to be familiar with the actual situation of production, manufacturing, design, equipment, personnel and configuration of factories and companies.
However, after the internship, I was not arranged to engage in on-site first-line operation, mainly engaged in mechanical design and R&D of R&D department. Of course, there are times when I go off the scene because of work needs.
Because many industries are inseparable from machines, the employment of this major is interdisciplinary and multi-industry. Graduates are not only easy to find jobs in many mining enterprises such as manufacturing and railway industries, but also mechanical professionals are equipped with production equipment in industries that use high-speed rail, logistics, pharmaceuticals, food, rubber and other equipment production lines.
The mechanical industry is more practical and attaches importance to experience and technology.
When you have accumulated experience and technology to a certain stage, you can do high-tech work and get better treatment in all aspects. It is suggested that students of this major learn basic knowledge well during their school days, and give full play to their advantages according to their personal characteristics on the premise of solid basic skills.
Do you continue your research?
Most students majoring in mechanical engineering choose postgraduate entrance examination instead of direct employment. The main reasons are as follows.
First, accumulate more knowledge, skills and experience.
The post of R&D mechanical design in the page is very technical, and most undergraduates majoring in mechanical engineering are involved in professional fur, so it is difficult to accumulate enough experience and knowledge in a more subdivided direction, knowing that there is a certain fault with the demand of the job market.
Therefore, students tend to learn deeper knowledge and skills in the postgraduate stage.
Secondly, the relationship between market supply and demand and the threshold of employment education make the number of mechanical graduates more, and the academic requirements of hot industries and enterprises for mechanical graduates are also rising.
Having a postgraduate degree can improve the competitiveness of fresh graduates to a certain extent, have the opportunity to enter ideal enterprises and industries, and gain greater career development space.
Third, the reading ratio is large and the reading ratio is small.
Compared with science, the biggest feature of engineering graduates is the low enrollment rate. Engineering graduates can directly enter the job market after graduation, but science graduates are the beginning of the academic road. In order to have a deeper understanding of your chosen major, you need to complete the doctoral program.
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