1, inhalation anesthesia
Inhalation anesthesia refers to the volatile anesthetic drugs or anesthetic gases from the anesthesia machine through the respiratory system absorbed into the bloodstream, inhibition of the central nervous system and the production of general anesthesia method. In the history of anesthesia, inhalation anesthesia is the earliest application of anesthesia, ether is widely known as inhalation anesthetics, but because of its unstable and flammable and explosive properties, the modern operating room more need for electric knife and other equipment, which may lead to the explosion of ether, and is now abandoned in the clinical use.
Inhalation anesthesia has developed into a major method of general anesthesia. Inhalation anesthetics are less metabolized and decomposed in the body, and most of them are excreted from the lungs in their original form, so inhalation anesthesia has a high degree of controllability, safety, and effectiveness.
2, intravenous anesthesia
Intravenous general anesthesia refers to one or several kinds of drugs injected through the vein, through the blood circulation effect on the central nervous system and produce general anesthesia method. According to the different ways of drug delivery, intravenous anesthesia can be divided into single drug delivery method, divided drug delivery method and continuous drug delivery method.
The use of intravenous general anesthesia was once limited due to some of its own limitations. However, since the 1980s, with the continuous improvement of clinical pharmacology research methods, the development of new potent and short-acting intravenous anesthetics and the introduction of computerized intravenous automatic drug delivery system, intravenous anesthesia has been greatly improved and developed.
3, compound anesthesia
Current clinical anesthesia is the simultaneous or successive use of several different anesthetic drugs or techniques to obtain general anesthesia. This simultaneous or sequential application of two or more general anesthetic drugs or anesthetic techniques to achieve analgesia, amnesia, myorelaxation, autonomic reflex inhibition and maintenance of stable vital signs of anesthesia methods, known as balanced anesthesia.
Balanced anesthesia emphasizes the combination of drugs, which can not only maximize the pharmacological effects of each class of drugs, but also reduce the dosage and side effects of each drug. This approach plays a very important role in improving the quality of anesthesia, ensuring patient safety and reducing medical costs in many aspects, and is a concept of anesthesia in line with China's national conditions.
Expanded Information
Selection of Anesthesia Methods
First, the choice of anesthesia method depends on the needs of the surgery. Some surgeries must have general anesthesia to meet the needs of the surgery, which is the first prerequisite for the choice of anesthesia method.
Second, compare the advantages and disadvantages. Some surgery general anesthesia can meet the needs of surgery, at the same time, "half anesthesia" or nerve block can also meet, anesthesiologists need to measure which anesthesia method is more beneficial to the patient, more comfortable, safer and easier to implement, this is another choice of perspective.
Third, the patient's wishes are also important. The anesthesiologist visits the patient preoperatively and talks to the patient about medical history, anesthesia allergies, and other conditions while making the choice of anesthesia method. If there are more than two methods to choose from, the patient should be informed of what kind of status these anesthesia methods are and how to implement them, so that the patient can choose according to his or her own wishes.
Baidu Encyclopedia - General Anesthesia
People's Health Network - Semi-anesthesia? General anesthesia? Anesthesia experts say so