The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is the largest and most authoritative international organization for standardization in the world. 1946 65438+1October 14 to 26, 64 representatives from 25 countries including China, Britain, the United States, France and the Soviet Union gathered in London and formally voted to establish the International Organization for Standardization. 1947 On February 23rd, the ISO Constitution was recognized by 15 National Organization for Standardization, and the International Organization for Standardization was formally established. The 25 countries that participated in the London meeting in1946 10/410 were the founders of ISO. ISO is the first-level advisory body of the United Nations Economic and Social Council and the comprehensive (i.e. the highest) advisory body of the Trade and Development Council. In addition, ISO maintains cooperative relations with more than 600 international organizations.
The goal and purpose of the International Organization for Standardization is to "promote the development of standardization work all over the world, facilitate the exchange of international materials and services, and expand knowledge, science, technology and economic cooperation". Its main activities are to formulate international standards, coordinate worldwide standardization work, organize information exchange between member States and technical committees, and cooperate with other international organizations to study standardization issues.
According to the ISO constitution, its members are divided into group members and correspondence members. Group members refer to the most representative national standardization organizations, and only one organization in each country can participate in ISO on behalf of its own country. Correspondents refer to developing countries (or regions) that have not yet established national standardization institutions. Communication members do not participate in ISO technical work, but can learn about the progress of ISO work. After a few years, the conditions are ripe and you can become a member of the group. The working languages of ISO are English, French and Russian, and its headquarters is in Geneva, Switzerland. ISO has 143 members.
ISO has 225 technical committees (TC) and 6 1 1 sub-technical committees. By the end of February 200 1 and 65438+,ISO had formulated the international standard 13544.
1 978 September1day, China rejoined ISO in the name of China Standardization Association (CAS). From 1988 to participate in ISO work in the name of State Bureau of Technical Supervision. Will be changed to participate in the work of ISO in the name of China National Standardization Administration Committee (SAC). 1September 1999, China hosted the 22nd ISO conference in Beijing. In June 2008, at the 3 1 ISO General Assembly, China officially became a permanent member of ISO. IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) was founded in 1906 and has a history of 107. It is the earliest international electrical standardization organization in the world, responsible for international standardization in the fields of electrical engineering and electronic engineering. 1947 was incorporated into the international organization for standardization (ISO) as an electrical department, and 1976 was separated from ISO.
The purpose of IEC is to promote international cooperation in standardization and related issues in the field of electrical and electronic engineering and enhance international mutual understanding. In order to achieve this goal, IEC has published various publications, including international standards. It is hoped that members can use these standards in their own standardization work if their own conditions permit. In the past 20 years, the work field and organization scale of IEC have developed greatly. Today, the number of IEC members has increased from 35 in 1960 to 6 1. They have 80% of the world's population and consume 95% of the world's electricity. The work field of IEC has expanded from simply studying the terminology and power of electrical equipment and motors to all aspects of electrical technology such as electronics, electric power, microelectronics and its applications, communication, audio-visual, robotics, information technology, new medical devices and nuclear instruments. IEC standard has covered 35% of the products in the world market, and by the end of last century, this figure has reached 50%.
The authority of IEC standard is recognized by the world. IEC holds more than 100 international standards conferences around the world every year, and nearly 654.38+million experts around the world are participating in the standardization and revision of IEC. IEC has 89 technical committees (TC) and SC) 107 sub-technical committees (SC). IEC standards have increased rapidly, and only 120 standard exists in 1963. By the end of February 2006, IEC had formulated 5098 international standards.
China joined IEC on 1957, and changed from 1988 to participate in IEC in the name of State Bureau of Technical Supervision. Participate in ISO work in the name of China National Standardization Administration Committee (SAC). China is a member of IEC Committee, Executive Committee and Conformity Assessment Bureau. 1990, China hosted the 54th annual meeting of IEC in Beijing, and in June 2002, China hosted the 66th annual meeting of IEC in Beijing. 20111On October 28th, the 75th meeting of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) was held in Australia, and the resolution that China became a permanent member of IEC was formally adopted. The permanent members of IEC are China, France, Germany, Japan, Britain and the United States. International Telecommunications Union (ITU)
The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is a specialized agency of the United Nations, and it is also the oldest international organization among United Nations agencies, referred to as ITU, ITU or ITU for short.
International organizations were established in May of 1865 and 17, and were established by 20 countries including France, Germany and Russia at the Paris Conference to successfully realize international telegraph communication. It was named "International Telegraph Union". In order to meet the needs of the development of telecommunications technology, after the establishment of the International Telecommunication Union, three advisory committees have been established. 1924, "CCIF" was established in Paris; 1925, "CCIT" was established in Paris. 1927, international radio consultative committee was founded in Washington. The three advisory committees have held many meetings and solved many problems.
1932, representatives of 70 countries held a meeting in Madrid, Spain, and decided to change the name of "International Telecommunication Union" to "International Telecommunication Union", which has been in use ever since. 1947 the general assembly of the international telecommunication union was held in Atlantic city, USA. With the consent of the United Nations, the International Telecommunication Union became a specialized agency of the United Nations. The headquarters moved from Bern, Switzerland to Geneva. In addition, the International Frequency Registration Committee (IFRB) was established. 1956, the International Telephone Advisory Committee and the International Telegraph Advisory Committee merged into the "International Telegraph and Telephone Advisory Committee", that is, CCITT.
1972 65438+In February, ITU held a Plenipotentiary Conference in Geneva and adopted the reform plan of ITU. The substantive work of ITU is undertaken by three main departments, namely, ITU Telecommunication Department, ITU Radiocommunication Department and ITU Telecommunication Development Department. Among them, the Telecommunication Standardization Department was formed by the merger of CCIR and the former standardization department in international radio consultative committee. Its main responsibility is to achieve the goal of telecommunication standardization of the International Telecommunication Union and to standardize telecommunications all over the world.
China joined the International Telecommunication Union in 1920, sent representatives to the Plenipotentiary Conference of the International Telecommunication Union in Madrid in 1932, and was elected as a member of the Executive Board and the International Frequency Registration Committee at the Plenipotentiary Conference held in Atlantic City, USA in 1947. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), our legal seats were once illegally deprived. 1972 On May 30th, China's legal rights and seats in the International Telecommunication Union were formally restored at the 27th Executive Council of the International Telecommunication Union, and China actively participated in various activities of the International Telecommunication Union.