Transportation departments (committees) of all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government:
In order to guide various regions to strengthen the prevention of gusts and typhoons for large machinery at ports and ensure safe production at ports, according to the "People's Republic of China*" In accordance with relevant laws, regulations and standards such as the "Port Law of the People's Republic of China" and "Work Safety Law of the People's Republic of China", the Ministry organized the preparation of the "Guidelines for the Safety of Large Machinery in Ports to Prevent Wind Gusts and Typhoons" (hereinafter referred to as the "Guidelines") , is now printed and distributed to you.
Provincial-level transportation (port) management departments should guide and supervise the port administrative departments where the ports within their jurisdiction are located to organize and implement the work of preventing gusts and typhoons for large-scale machinery at ports. The port administrative department where the port is located must increase publicity and implementation efforts, convey and implement the "Guidelines" to relevant port enterprises within its jurisdiction, strengthen guidance on gust and typhoon prevention, and promote port enterprises to improve the technology and level of gust and typhoon prevention; in Before a typhoon comes, we must inspect the typhoon prevention work of port enterprises within our jurisdiction. During the typhoon season, we must conduct regular key inspections, strengthen information communication with the meteorological department, issue wind and typhoon prevention instructions in a timely manner, carry out specific deployments, and supervise the port enterprises to effectively implement the port policies. Measures to prevent large machinery from wind gusts and typhoons.
Each port enterprise must refer to the "Guidelines" and combine them with the actual situation of the unit, equip them with wind protection facilities and equipment, formulate wind gust and typhoon prevention measures and work procedures, strengthen employee training, and organize and implement them well. After receiving the wind prevention forecast, port enterprises should immediately activate a special emergency plan for wind prevention of large port machinery, deploy wind prevention measures, and establish a 24-hour dedicated personnel on duty system to ensure the safety of large port machinery.
The Ministry will revise the "Wind Load Calculation and Wind Protection Safety Requirements for Port Loading and Unloading Machinery" based on the actual situation of gust and typhoon prevention work in various places to further strengthen the gust and typhoon prevention work of large port machinery.
General Office of the Ministry of Transport
July 24, 2018
(This document is publicly released)
Cc: Emergency Management The General Office of the Ministry, the port administrative departments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, China Ports Association, China Classification Society, the Ministry of Water Science and Technology, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Safety and Quality Department, the Science and Technology Department, the Search and Rescue Center, and the Maritime Safety Administration.
Safety Guidelines for Preventing Gust Gusts and Preventing Typhoons of Large Port Machinery
1 Scope of Application
This guideline stipulates the safety requirements and measures for large port machinery to prevent gusts and typhoons. , to guide port enterprises and port administrative departments in carrying out gust and typhoon prevention work for large port machinery.
This guideline is applicable to large port machinery operating in the open air, and other large port operating machinery can be implemented as a reference.
2 Normative reference documents
The clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this Guide through reference in this Guide. For undated referenced documents, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this guide.
JGJ 82 Technical Specification for High-Strength Bolt Connections of Steel Structures
JT/T 90 Wind Load Calculation and Wind Protection Safety Requirements for Port Handling Machinery
JTS 169 Terminal Ancillary Facilities Technical Specifications
JTS 310 Technical Specifications for Port Facility Maintenance
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this guide.
3.1 Large port machinery
Refers to port gantry cranes, shore container cranes, orbital gantry cranes, ship loading (unloading) machines, grain suction machines, oil transfer arms, Large port machinery such as tire container gantry cranes, bucket wheel stackers and reclaimers, tire cranes (25 tons and above), open-air fixed belt conveyors, etc.
3.2 Gusts
Refers to sudden strong winds with a wind speed of 15 meters/second (level 7) or above.
3.3 Typhoon
Refers to tropical storms, severe tropical storms and tropical cyclones with central winds of level 12 or above.
3.4 Windproof device
Refers to the safe and effective components or devices and their foundation that have the function of preventing gusts and typhoons.
Wind-proof devices mainly include:
(1) Wind-proof devices set up on the wharf and related to large port machinery, including anchorage foundation, anchorage pit support, tie-down foundation, Windproof cable (tie rod) support, windproof pull ring, end stop device, etc.;
(2) Windproof device installed on the large port machinery itself, including anchor plate (pin or hook), Windproof cable (tie rod), anti-climb device, wheel clamp, top rail device, rail clamp, iron wedge, brake, mobile cab latch, pitch hook (latch) device, etc.;
(3 ) Wind prevention (warning) devices include equipment and facilities for receiving, measuring, recording gust and typhoon information, and issuing warnings and alarms, mainly referring to anemometers with recording and warning functions.
4 General Provisions
4.1 Port enterprises should comprehensively consider the technical status of terminals and large port machinery as well as local typhoon and gust conditions, equip large port machinery with wind protection devices, and formulate wind protection devices that are consistent with the actual situation. Wind prevention measures, work procedures, special emergency plans, and regular drills based on the emergency plans.
4.2 Port enterprises should provide training for port production personnel, who should have wind protection safety knowledge and operational capabilities.
4.3 Port enterprises should establish a wind prevention management ledger. The wind prevention management ledger includes but is not limited to the following:
(1) Records of wind protection device equipment;
(2) Wind protection device inspection, maintenance and maintenance records;
(3)Port production personnel training records;
(4) Wind protection measures, work procedures and special emergency plans;
(5) Drill records of special wind prevention emergency plans.
4.4 Port enterprises should carry out typhoon and gust prevention work based on the meteorological information they have, combined with information from large-scale mechanical anemometers at the port and on-site meteorological observations.
4.5 Port enterprises should be equipped with windproof emergency supplies for large port machinery such as bundling equipment, blocking equipment, emergency power supplies, and tools.
4.6 Port enterprises should conduct regular inspections of wind protection devices and wind protection emergency supplies. Inspections should be conducted at least once a month during typhoon and gust-prone seasons, and at least once a quarter during other periods.
4.7 Port enterprises should evaluate each wind prevention operation or wind prevention emergency drill.
4.8 Individual typhoon prevention measures should be taken for large port machinery. When it is necessary to take conjoined typhoon prevention measures, port enterprises should formulate a conjoined typhoon prevention plan based on actual wind conditions and expert demonstrations to ensure the safety of large port machinery during typhoons.
5 Safety requirements for wind protection devices
5.1 The equipment and settings of wind protection devices should meet the wind resistance requirements of large port machinery.
5.2 The wind resistance level of large port machinery should be based on the maximum wind speed in the location that occurs once in 50 years. If the newly built, expanded or renovated coastal terminals are located in areas where the maximum wind speed once in 50 years is lower than JT/T90 fortification requirements, the wind resistance level shall be based on JT/T90 fortification. The wind protection device should ensure that large port machinery does not slip or overturn under fortified wind speeds.
5.3 When anchorage devices and windproof tie-down devices are not used, other windproof devices should meet the requirements of strong winds along the port under the wind speed of 35m/s (coastal port terminals) or 30m/s (inland river port terminals). Depending on the direction of operation of large machinery, large machinery in ports will not slip; if there is a wind speed requirement exceeding 35m/s (coastal port terminals) or 30m/s (inland river port terminals), the wind resistance capacity should be determined according to actual needs and equipped with effective wind protection device to ensure that large port machinery does not slip.
5.4 Wind protection devices installed on the wharf and associated with large port machinery should comply with the relevant provisions of JTS 169.
5.5 The traveling mechanism of large port machinery should have good braking function, and its braking and release actions should be interlocked with the traveling mechanism. In addition to manually controlled wind protection devices, other wind protection devices should be able to be automatically operated from the control room. Large-scale port machinery should be equipped with ground emergency stop switches.
5.6 The wind prevention (alarm) alarm device should have the function of displaying instantaneous wind speed and alarm, and store the wind speed value at the time of alarm. Anemometers should be installed where designed. The wind prevention (alarm) alarm device should be equipped with an emergency power supply. Ports with conditions can choose to configure weather radar.
5.7 The anchorage device and windproof tie-down device should ensure that large port machinery does not move or overturn under the design maximum fortification wind speed.
5.8 The anchor plate (pin or hook) can be fastened by inserting a triangular cone into the anchor pit support to prevent the large port machinery from shaking, collision or foundation deformation.
5.9 The connection of the windproof device should be safe and reliable. When using high-strength bolt connections, they should comply with the regulations of JGJ 82.
5.10 When the wind protection device fails or partially fails, the door frame or door leg of the large port machinery should be connected to the dock facilities at a firm point; when the trolley anchor is misplaced and cannot be anchored, effective measures should be taken to fix it.
5.11 Wind protection devices should be classified, labeled and numbered according to the type, model and typhoon protection position of large port machinery. The markings should be clear and durable, and the numbers should correspond to the corresponding large port machinery.
5.12 ??Ports where conditions permit can choose new wind protection devices with functions such as wind self-locking.
5.13 The video surveillance system for large port machinery should be equipped with an emergency power supply and keep video records.
5.14 Port enterprises should regularly inspect, maintain, and maintain wind protection devices, clarify the responsible persons and inspection, maintenance, and maintenance requirements, ensure that the wind protection devices have complete wind protection capabilities, and keep records.
5.15 Port enterprises should take the following inspection, maintenance and upkeep measures for the wind protection devices installed on the wharf and related to the large port machinery:
(1) Regularly clean and dredge the anchorage foundation and Tie the water outlet holes of the foundation to prevent water accumulation or corrosion. Keep the anchorage foundation and tie-down foundation clean and free of debris.
(2) Ensure that the internal components of the anchor pit support and windproof cable (tie rod) support are complete and effective. Assess the corrosion of the anchor pit supports and windproof stay cable (tie rod) support structures buried below the ground, and confirm that they have no impact on the overall strength of the windproof device. Regularly lubricate the moving parts of the anchor pit support and windproof cable (tie rod) support to ensure flexible rotation.
(3) Ensure that the stopper of the end stop device is intact, the fastening nut between the end stop device and the supporting foundation is not loose, and the welding seam is free of rust or cracks.
(4) Regularly check and adjust the track to keep the track smooth and ensure that the tolerances meet the standards. Clean debris on both sides of the track in a timely manner and take anti-corrosion measures regularly.
(5) The inspection, maintenance and upkeep of windproof devices should comply with the maintenance regulations of JTS 310.
5.16 Port enterprises should take the following inspection, maintenance and upkeep measures for the windproof devices installed on large port machinery:
(1) There are no signs of damage on the surface of the windproof cables, and there are no signs of damage on each connecting end. Deformed or loose. The rotating mechanism can be retracted and retracted freely, and the connection welds are intact.
(2) The windproof tie rod is not deformed as a whole, the connecting welds are not damaged, the threads of the connecting parts are well lubricated, and the rotating mechanism is used normally.
(3) The gap between the brake pad of the wheel clamp and the wheel is appropriate, the connecting mechanism is not deformed, the movable connection parts are well lubricated, there is no oil on the surface of the clamping piece, there is no oil leakage in the hydraulic system, and the electrical control is sensitive and effective.
(4) The clearance between the rail clamp, top rail brake pads and the track is appropriate, the connecting mechanism is not deformed, the movable connection parts are well lubricated, the hydraulic system has no oil leakage, and the electrical control is sensitive and effective.
(5) The appearance of the iron wedge has no deformation, the size of the joint with the track meets the requirements, and the contact surface with the wheel should be arc-shaped. Large-scale port machinery uses electric iron wedges to ensure reliable connection between push rods and iron wedges.
5.17 Port enterprises should check the integrity and accuracy of the wind prevention (warning) alarm device and perform regular maintenance and upkeep.
6 Typhoon Prevention Measures
6.1 Pre-typhoon inspection measures
6.1.1 After receiving the typhoon forecast, port enterprises should immediately launch a special emergency response for wind prevention of large-scale machinery at the port Prepare plans and deploy anti-typhoon measures.
6.1.2 Before a typhoon makes landfall, port enterprises should mainly conduct typhoon prevention inspections of large port machinery on the following aspects:
(1) The integrity of wind protection devices;
(2) The robustness of movable and swinging parts;
(3) The effectiveness of power supply lines and communication lines;
(4) Machine room, electrical room, driver's room, The sealing of equipment and facilities such as elevators and outdoor electrical boxes;
(5) The robustness of equipment and facilities such as lamps, lightning rods, nameplates, doors, windows and glass.
6.1.3 Port enterprises should promptly handle problems discovered during typhoon prevention inspections, and the results should be recorded and archived.
6.2 Anti-typhoon countermeasures
6.2.1 Port gantry cranes take different anti-typhoon countermeasures depending on whether the crane's rotating mechanism is allowed to rotate freely.
6.2.1.1 When a single port gantry crane is allowed to rotate freely, the following measures should be taken:
(1) Move back to the anchorage position and anchor. The safe distance between each crane should be greater than 50 meters, or ensure that the boom does not collide with each other at its maximum amplitude.
(2) Remove the crane grab or other spreaders, and lift the hook to the designed windproof position.
(3) The lifting arm is placed less than two-thirds, lock the luffing brake, fix the luffing weight box, and loosen the rotation brake.
(4) The anti-skid braking device is in a locked state, connect, tighten the windproof cable (tie rod), and lock it.
(5) For cranes equipped with iron wedges, wheel clamps, and rail clamps, measures should be taken to plug iron wedges, wheel clamps, and rail clamps.
6.2.1.2 When a single port gantry crane does not allow the rotating mechanism to rotate freely, the following measures should be taken:
(1) Move back to the anchorage position and anchor. The safe distance between cranes should be greater than 15 meters.
(2) The crane grab or other spreaders should be removed.
(3) Install the rotating anchor, lock the rotating brake, place the boom to the designed windproof position, lift and tighten the wire rope, and tie it to one side of the door leg. Lock the luffing brake and fix the luffing weight box.
(4) Put the anti-skid braking device in a locked state, connect, tighten the windproof cable (tie rod), and lock it.
(5) For cranes equipped with iron wedges, wheel clamps, and rail clamps, measures should be taken to plug iron wedges, wheel clamps, and rail clamps.
6.2.2 Shore container cranes and rail-mounted gantry cranes should take the following typhoon prevention measures:
(1) Move back to the anchorage position and anchor. Keep the anti-skid braking device in a locked state, connect, tighten the windproof cable (tie rod), and lock it.
(2) Stow or place the front girder to the designed position according to the design requirements, and fix the girder with a safety hook (lattice).
(3) Lift the loading and unloading spreader to the designed windproof position. If the spreader is equipped with an anti-sway wire rope, tighten the anti-sway wire rope.
(4) Park the driver's cab and car into the parking space and lock them.
(5) For cranes equipped with iron wedges, wheel clamps, and rail clamps, measures should be taken to plug iron wedges, wheel clamps, and rail clamps.
6.2.3 The following typhoon prevention measures should be taken for ship loading (unloading) machines:
(1) According to the structure and type of ship loading (unloading) machines, combined with the requirements of each port, Depending on the actual conditions of the terminal, the orbital ship loading (unloading) machine can be implemented in accordance with the typhoon prevention measures in Article 6.2.1 or 6.2.2.
(2) Park the tire-type ship loader (unloader) to the anti-typhoon position and wedge the running tires tightly.
(3) If there is a ship loader equipped with an anti-bench stand on the wharf, move the ship loader near the anti-bench stand, place the cantilever to the designed windproof position, and use iron chains or wire ropes to connect the cantilever and slide The tube is fixed on the anti-stand.
(4) Lower the discharge conveyor belt of the ship loader to the support position or the designed windproof position, and use windproof chains or ropes to securely bind the conveyor belt to the frame.
(5) Lower the ship loader slide pipe to an appropriate height above the ground and secure it.
(6) Lock the recovery device baffle of the water side discharge port of the ship unloader.
6.2.4 The following anti-typhoon measures should be taken for the grain suction machine:
(1) The anchoring and anti-skid braking measures of the grain suction machine shall be implemented in accordance with Article 6.2.1.
(2) Connect, tighten the windproof cable (tie rod), and lock it.
(3) Rotate the boom to a position parallel to the track, place the suction nozzle on the bracket or the ground, and fix the boom and suction nozzle of the grain suction machine.
6.2.5 The following anti-typhoon measures should be taken for the oil transfer arm:
(1) Fix the rotating part.
(2) Collect and fix the oil transfer arm, and lock the latch used to fix the oil transfer arm.
(3) The oil transfer arm should be tied and fixed with ropes.
6.2.6 The tire-type container gantry crane should take the following anti-typhoon measures:
(1) Park to the anchorage position and anchor.
(2) Arrange the tires crosswise at 0 degrees and 90 degrees, lock the braking device and steering device, wedge the running tires tightly, and ensure that the two wheels of the same set of tires are padded relative to each other.
(3) Connect, tighten the windproof cable (tie rod), and lock it.
(4) According to the design requirements, connect the container spreader to the ground heavy container, tighten the spreader wire rope, or lift the container spreader to the highest position.
(5) Park the car to the parking space and anchor it.
6.2.7 The bucket wheel stacker and reclaimer should take the following typhoon prevention measures:
(1) Move back to the anchorage position and anchor.
(2) Confirm that the traveling brake device is in a locked state, and take anti-skid braking measures in accordance with Article 6.2.1.
(3) Connect, tighten the windproof cable (tie rod), and lock it.
(4) Lower the cantilever, fix the front end of the cantilever on the cantilever anchorage, and lock the boom. If a cantilever anchorage is not provided, place the bucket wheel or the front section of the cantilever on a material pile that will not collapse. If there is a luffing wire rope, the wire rope should be in a relaxed state.
(5) Hang the belt windproof chain to the transition point between the tail car and the ground belt, or tie the belt to the belt frame.
6.2.8 Tire cranes (25 tons and above) should take the following typhoon prevention measures:
(1) Park in a typhoon prevention position.
(2) Lower the boom to the ground or support position. If the boom cannot be lowered to the ground or bracket, fix the hook.
(3) Support the crane legs.
(4) Lock the rotating mechanism and travel brake, and wedge the travel tires tightly.
6.2.9 The following typhoon prevention measures should be taken for open-air fixed belt conveyors:
(1) Use windproof chains or ropes to tie the conveyor belt to the frame.
(2) Conveyors equipped with dust covers should be securely fastened with dust covers.
(3) Fasten the duty room on the belt conveyor conversion platform to the platform.
6.2.10 Special typhoon prevention measures should be formulated based on meteorological conditions, equipment status and other factors for large port machinery under repair. Typhoon prevention measures for the large machinery at the port that have been idle should be taken to ensure that their typhoon prevention functions are intact.
6.2.11 The operating power supply should be cut off before personnel evacuate, and the windproof (alarm) alarm device and video surveillance power supply can be retained.
6.3 Post-typhoon inspection and recovery
6.3.1 Port enterprises should remove the typhoon-proof reinforcement facilities of large port machinery, restore them to normal production status, and replace the used wind-proof equipment with Emergency supplies are maintained and returned to their original locations.
6.3.2 Port enterprises shall inspect and repair large-scale mechanical wind protection devices, communication and electrical equipment and facilities at the port to keep them in good condition.
6.3.3 Port enterprises should conduct single mechanism test run and linkage test run of large port machinery. Large-scale port machinery can be officially put into use after it meets operating conditions.
6.3.4 Port enterprises should make statistics and record the losses of relevant wind protection emergency supplies, and replenish missing supplies.
7 Measures to prevent gusts
7.1 Port enterprises should pay close attention to the gust status based on meteorological data during gust-prone seasons and respond in a timely manner.
7.2 When the gust reaches the warning wind speed during the normal operation of large-scale port machinery, operators should quickly end the operation and take wind prevention measures such as trolley braking, wheel clamping, rail clamping, and iron wedge placement on the spot. Operation drivers and related personnel should take protective measures.
7.3 In the gust-prone season, taking into account factors such as gust forecast and port gantry crane movement frequency, iron wedges can be placed during the operation of the port gantry crane.
7.4 After large-scale port machinery temporarily stops operations, wind prevention measures such as trolley braking, wheel clamping, rail clamping, and iron wedge placement should be taken, and anchorage should be anchored nearby.
7.5 After the large-scale machinery operations at the port are completed and stopped, wind prevention measures such as trolley braking, wheel clamping, rail clamping, and iron wedge placement should be taken. Port gantry cranes, shore container cranes, orbital gantry cranes, ship loading (unloading) machines, and grain suction machines should be moved to the anchorage position or anchorage at the anti-platform position. Rubber-tyred container gantry cranes and bucket wheel stacks The reclaimer and other equipment should be moved to the anchorage position or the anchorage position to prevent the platform. Before leaving the machine, the operator should check and confirm that all wind protection devices are in normal working condition, and cut off the operating power supply after taking the following measures:
(1) For port gantry cranes that do not allow the rotating mechanism to rotate freely , install the rotating anchor and lock the rotating brake. When using a hook to operate, the hook should be raised to the designed windproof position; when using a grab bucket or other spreader to operate, it is advisable to open the grab bucket or other spreader to a safe area that does not affect traffic and fire protection, and keep the wire rope In a moderately relaxed state. For port gantry cranes that allow the swivel mechanism to rotate freely, remove the grab or other spreader.
(2) Stow or place the front girder of the shore container crane and orbital gantry crane to the designed position according to the design requirements, fix the girder through the safety hook (bolt), and lift the spreader to the designed position. Windproof position.
(3) Ship loading (unloading) machines can take wind gust prevention measures by referring to port gantry cranes and shore container cranes.
(4) Rotate the arm of the grain suction machine to a position parallel to the track, place the suction nozzle on the bracket or the ground and anchor it. It is advisable to fix the arm of the grain suction machine.
(5) Fix the rotating part of the oil transfer arm, fold and fix the oil transfer arm, and lock the latch used to fix the oil transfer arm.
(6) According to the design requirements, connect the container spreader of the tire-type container gantry crane to the ground heavy container, and tighten the spreader wire rope, or lift the container spreader to the highest position. Lock the braking device and steering device, and wedge the running tires.
7.6 Post-gust inspection and recovery measures should be carried out in accordance with Article 6.3.
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