The applications of graphene in life are as follows:
1. Sensor
Graphene is an ideal material for electrochemical biosensors, and its surface adsorption properties can be used Made into chemical sensors. Sensors made of graphene have good sensitivity in medical detection of dopamine, glucose, etc.
2. Transistors
Transistors can be made with the high stability of the graphene structure, and the transistors can still work stably at a scale close to that of a single atom.
3. New energy batteries
Super batteries made from graphene solve the problems of insufficient capacity and long charging time of new energy vehicle batteries, greatly accelerating the development of new energy Development of the battery industry.
4. Seawater Desalination
Using mechanical means to compress the capillary channel size in the graphene film and control the pore size, it can efficiently filter the salt in seawater.
5. Composite materials
Multifunctional polymer composite materials and high-strength porous ceramic materials made of graphene enhance many special properties of composite materials.
Common preparation methods of graphene:
1. Oxidation-reduction method
By using chemical reagents such as sulfuric acid and nitric acid and in potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide, etc. Oxidize natural graphite in an oxidant environment, increase the spacing between graphite layers, and insert oxides between graphite layers to produce graphite oxide. Then, the graphite oxide is washed with water, and the washed solid is dried at low temperature to obtain graphite oxide powder.
Then the graphite oxide powder is peeled off through physical peeling, high temperature expansion and other methods to obtain graphene oxide. Finally, graphene oxide is reduced through chemical methods to obtain graphene.
2. Mechanical peeling method
Using the friction and relative motion between the object and graphene, a thin layer of graphene material can be obtained. This method is simple to operate, and the resulting graphene usually maintains its intact crystal structure.