Occupational lung diseases: silicosis, coal workers' pneumoconiosis, cement pneumoconiosis, welding lungs, casting pneumoconiosis and so on.
General anesthesia is administered under intravenous anesthesia. A double-lumen bronchial catheter in the shape of a "Y" is inserted through the patient's mouth
to separate the right and left lungs. The "Y"-shaped double-lumen bronchial catheter is inserted into the lungs to separate "air and water": the right side of the lungs are ventilated by the anesthesia ventilator for oxygen and oxygen supply to maintain gas exchange in the body; and the left side of the lungs are connected to the lavage tube for lavage (lung cleaning). Don't look at it as a simple intubation, but its requirements are very delicate: a difference of 1 centimeter is not allowed. If it is deep enough, it will affect the ventilation of the breathing side of the lungs; if it is shallow enough, the isolation of the two sides will not be guaranteed, and the liquid will flow into the ventilated side of the lungs during lavage, resulting in accidents. In order to insert just right, the doctor also respectively to double lumen bronchial catheter inserted into an ultra-fine fiberoptic bronchoscope to grasp the depth of the catheter, through this special "mirror" can be clearly observed at a glance to the double lumen tube is located in the appropriate position, and used to adjust to the best position. This method is also an important prerequisite for safe lung lavage.
When the catheter is in place, lavage can begin. The lavage bottle is suspended about 50 cm above the patient's head, and the drainage bottle is placed on the floor about 60 cm below the operating table. In the 37°C thermostat next to the operating table, a box of fluid to be irrigated is neatly arranged. It takes about 3 to 6 minutes to irrigate each time (one in, one out), and the number of times it needs to be irrigated varies from person to person according to the specific condition. The principle is to finally flush out the drainage fluid is basically clarified until.
Smokers: do not take this trick as a health care
The large-volume whole-lung lavage, although applicable to a wide range of diseases, but not everyone can do. When there is a complication of huge alveoli, severe emphysema, pulmonary heart disease, active tuberculosis, recent history of hemoptysis, pneumothorax; or suffering from cardiovascular disease, blood disease, or accompanied by liver, kidney, brain and other organic diseases; or trachea and the main bronchial deformity, hindering the double lumen bronchial intubation correctly in place, are all part of the crowd of people to be careful. In addition, even if the adapted patients who can undergo high-volume whole-lung lavage, before the operation, they have to go to the hospital for examination, and the specialized doctors will decide whether the patient can tolerate this operation.
Lung lavage, as a new and highly specialized medical technology, is a means of treating disease and is by no means a healthcare procedure. This kind of medical equipment, intraoperative first aid measures require quite "high standards" of lavage, but also can not be carried out in the street clinic. Simply for example, if the process of washing lungs, lavage fluid water temperature "not up to standard" or post-operative care measures are not in place, these seemingly minor details, are very likely to make the patient "wake up".