The maintenance of the instrument is divided into regular maintenance and routine maintenance, the purpose is to identify the hidden trouble, can take timely preventive measures to avoid failure.
Periodic maintenance is a fixed period of time for large-scale key equipment for thorough maintenance. This work is generally done by the maintenance staff and the instrument responsible person *** with the main work is to check and optimize the working condition of the internal components of the instrument unit, the action parameters to check the calibration, and check whether the wearing parts are intact, on the bad and suspicious components for replacement, as well as the instrument internal dust cleaning and so on.
(1) Daily maintenance is the daily maintenance and inspection of instruments and equipment, including the point inspection of each shift and daily inspection. The work requirements of each instrument are not the same, so the content of each instrument inspection, the project is not the same, the work of the shift operator should be strictly in accordance with the inspection card on the instrument used to carefully check each item.
①Use, maintenance personnel in the unboxing, should carefully read the manual with the random, to master its structure, principles, functions, operating points, maintenance and repair requirements;
②Instrument inside and outside should be kept clean, pay attention to moisture, rust and corrosion prevention, anti-interference;
③Precision instruments should be gently pick up and put down, the optical components to use the mirror paper, can not be used with a wet cloth to wipe;
④Electronic circuit boards to remove dust, check the grounding of the instrument;
⑤Mechanical and transmission parts to remove rust, dirt, and good lubrication on oil.
(2) for the high frequency of instrument maintenance methods:
①In accordance with the characteristics of the instrument, belonging to the heat exchange, we should regularly check the vents, clean up dust and combustion debris in a timely manner;
② belonging to the hydraulic machinery or media solution, we should regularly check the media discoloration or interface, timely replacement of media or the appropriate amount of increase or decrease;
③ belongs to the wearing parts, should be cleaned and replaced in time, such as the spacer of gas chromatograph;
④ Instruments with water circulation, to prevent the gathering of dust, floating matter, etc., resulting in insufficient water flow, affecting the cooling effect or affecting the performance of the instrument due to elevated conductivity;
⑤ Instruments using a gas source, should be regularly checked with soapy water gas line joints, to prevent leakage of gas caused by accidents, or affect the results of the accuracy;?
(3) for the use of low-frequency instrument maintenance methods:
① electronic instruments and analytical instruments should be regularly energized preheating, to prevent deterioration of electrolytic capacitors, electronic circuit boards, local short-circuiting or poor performance, affecting the effectiveness of the instrument;
② dry cell battery for the instrument, when not in use for a long period of time to take out the batteries to be stored, to prevent battery decay and damage to the electrode;
③ microelectrolyte, the battery should be stored in the battery to prevent damage to the electrode;
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③Microampere meter should be stored after shorting the input, sensitive current detector should be stored after locking the input coil;
④Check the dry silica gel of the instrument frequently to prevent the internal parts from moisture, which will affect the stability index of the instrument;
⑤Optical channel should be dusted regularly to get rid of the stains and mildew.
Now all the instruments *** have part of a brief introduction:
Circuit system
The current use of instrumentation, the requirements of the power supply voltage of 220V, 200V and 110V and so on, so between the power supply and the instrument generally have a regulated power supply or transformer. Almost all of the regulated power supply has a voltage indication, daily attention should be paid to its output voltage is normal, if abnormal, do not turn on the use, and immediately notify the maintenance personnel.
All instruments and equipment require good and reliable grounding. Reliable grounding line, not only can effectively avoid the leakage of electricity on the person and equipment damage, but also can shield the outside electromagnetic field on the interference of the instrument, so that the instrument analysis data more stable. Grounding inspection by maintenance personnel on a regular basis, mainly to check whether the joints are firm and reliable, and regular measurement of grounding resistance.
Instrument internal specific voltage, current part: mainly a part of the work of the instrument special requirements of the specific voltage, current, such as:
(1) X-ray fluorescence spectrometer ray tube voltage, current; (2) ICP power tube Vp high voltage and Ip current;
(3) carbon sulfur instrument oscillator tube of the plate current and so on.
This part of the general alarm device or control instrumentation, in the daily inspection, pay attention to observe the monitoring instrumentation shown whether it is normal, whether there are fluctuations in the instructions, whether there is an alarm and so on.
Wind system
Cooling, cooling wind: mainly refers to the instrument chassis installed on the cooling fan and cooling system on the cooling fan. Its main role is to increase air circulation, reduce the temperature, in order to avoid the instrument components or units (such as power supply) temperature is too high to cause instrument failure. When checking the main observation fan operation is normal, there is an alarm device to note whether the alarm.
Thermostatic circulation with the wind: some parts of the instrument are required to constant temperature, such as the ICP light room. These parts have constant temperature device, its work is generally by a heating element to provide heat, relying on the fan to make the heat spread evenly, and temperature control system to monitor and control the heating element work or not, in order to realize the constant temperature, if the fan is damaged, it will make the whole environment temperature is not uniform, affecting the stability of the analysis results. Generally equipped with a temperature display or temperature alarm, when checking the temperature alarm and whether the temperature is within the specified range.
Pumping and exhausting facilities: the role of pumping and exhausting is to force the cooling and elimination of toxic and harmful exhaust gases, requiring the installation of pumping equipment, including ICP analyzers and atomic absorption analyzers. Extraction and exhaust facilities must also be checked every day, mainly to see whether it works properly, whether there is any abnormal sound, and so on.
Water system
The circulating water in the instrument mainly plays the role of cooling. Each instrument's water cooling system design is not the same:
(1) X-ray fluorescence spectrometer and oxygenator cooling water cooling water and cooling water, (a) the cooling water is deionized water, used to cool the high temperature components such as X-ray tubes and oxygenator furnace head, (b) outside the cooling water is generally tap water, used to cool the cooling water.
(2) The cooling water of ICP analyzer is only internal cooling water, and the cooling of its internal cooling water relies on the fan.
(3) Atomic absorption analyzer cooling parts are not charged, so it is directly cooled with tap water. Some of the cooling system is equipped with detection and control alarm device (such as X-ray fluorescence spectrometer) which is convenient for daily inspection, as long as the monitoring device to check whether the normal, there is no alarm can be.
Some instruments are basically designed in the internal water tank, there is no obvious external monitoring device (such as ICP analyzer and oxygen analyzer), which requires specialists and maintenance personnel to regularly check whether the water volume is reduced, such as less should be timely according to the formula, according to the need to replenish.
Gas system
Testing and analyzing instruments for gas mainly analytical gas, power gas and light room gas and other three categories.
Analytical gas: analytical gas circuit generally have a pressure gauge or flow meter to facilitate the monitoring of the flow size. In the daily inspection, we should pay attention to whether the value of each parameter is normal or not, and whether there is any blockage or leakage.
The purity of the analytical gas has certain requirements, you can directly use the gas that exceeds the purity requirements, you can also add a gas purifier to purify the gas concentration. In order to reduce the impurity limit, generally in the gas circuit is designed to remove water, CO2 and other filtering reagents. Users should pay attention to the point of inspection, the purification machine is working properly, whether the reagents in each reagent tube is invalid, such as reagents fail in a short period of time, indicating that the gas source is impure, and should be reflected to the relevant purchasing department in a timely manner to replace the gas source. The use of air compressor instrumentation (such as atomic absorption analysis gas is a mixture of acetylene and air), in the day-to-day should pay attention to whether the air compressor is working properly, acetylene leakage, the proportion of air and acetylene is appropriate, in order to prevent the occurrence of danger.
Power gas: the role of power gas is to provide power for some of the action of the instrument. Such as the opening and closing of the shutter in the optical circuit, the lift of the stove and so on. Some instruments power gas is also used to analyze the gas, such as photoelectric direct reading analyzer, ICP analyzer and so on. And some instruments are separate power gas system, such as electronic tensile testing machine, oxygen analyzer, carbon and sulfur instrument. Power gas circuit generally have a pressure gauge, the separate use of power gas purity requirements are not very high, we need to pay attention to is whether the pressure value is normal, such as not normal will directly affect the action in place, whether the seal is good.
Optical chamber gas: precision analytical instruments and its optical system is required to work in a specific atmosphere, different instruments to take different measures
(1) ICP analysis in the determination of 190nm below the elemental spectral line, due to the air on the interference of its serious, it is necessary to carry out the optical chamber expulsion (the optical chamber of the air driven clean), in order to get stable and accurate data;
(2) Photoelectric direct reading spectrometer in order to ensure the purity of a light chamber, is a pre-vacuum, then filled with high-purity nitrogen, and in the working process, always by the circulating gas pump will be a light chamber of nitrogen pumped out, filtered by the purification tube, re-injected into the light chamber, in order to ensure that the environment of its one-optical chamber of the purity of the environment;
(3) X-ray fluorescence spectrometer is analyzed when the entire light (3) X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, when analyzing, the entire optical system vacuum, when the vacuum degree reaches the requirements, that is, the optical path of the air molecules on the analysis of the interference is negligible, before the detection of counting.
For these systems, the main check is whether the driving gas flow is normal, whether the purging tube fails, whether the circulating pump is working normally, whether the vacuum pump pumping ability is good, that is, whether the rate of decrease of the vacuum level is slowed down and so on.
Computer control system
Nowadays, the instrument, its operation control is completed by the computer. Computer part of the development of the times have improved, but still some are 486 and other old models, the earliest there is a single-board computer. Some of these computer control systems have been overdue for service, once there is a problem, it is difficult to find spare parts.
This requires care in daily use, and should be regularly on the analysis method, program and other important data to do backup, in addition, these computers do not do it on the other hand, the operation of the accidentally deleted the program or infected with a virus, quite difficult to deal with.
Auxiliary equipment
In order to ensure the normal operation of the instrument, each instrument is equipped with different auxiliary equipment as needed, such as: gas purifier, dehumidifier, air extraction, air conditioning, and previously mentioned voltage stabilizer, etc., these auxiliary equipment is working properly, but also directly or indirectly affect the normal analysis of the instrument. Attention should be paid to check: gas purification machine catalytic heating, regeneration heating furnace temperature is normal, whether the air volume of the ventilation is reduced, whether the vibration is greater, dehumidifier water is full, air conditioning refrigeration to meet the requirements, etc..
Testing environmental requirements
Each instrument on the environment of the temperature, humidity are requirements, relatively constant temperature, humidity and clean environment, not only can effectively improve the stability of the instrument, but also reduce the occurrence of failure. Humidity and dust is a major cause of electrical failure: there is no lack of high-pressure presence in the instrument, dust plus humidity is very easy to cause short-circuit discharge, dust such as into the optical circuit, attached to the optical components, it will directly affect the sensitivity of the instrument. In addition, attention should also be paid to anti-vibration, most of the instrument's detection system is a precision optical system, which is defined in terms of nanometers, so it is important to reduce vibration on the instrument's stability and reproducibility.
Wear parts and spare parts
In the usual work, should always check the wear components and consumables good or bad, such as found damaged should be replaced in a timely manner, so as to ensure that the instrument is always working in an optimized state. Specialized personnel should often check the number of such spare parts to ensure that there is a certain amount of storage, such as the lack of should be purchased in advance in a timely manner. Answer from