[2] On April 30, 2009 the World Health Organization, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, and the World Organization for Animal Health announced that they had agreed to use influenza A (H1N1) to refer to the pandemic at that time, and no longer use the term "swine flu". China's health sector has successively renamed the former human swine influenza as influenza A (H1N1). China's Ministry of Health on April 30, 2009 issued Announcement No. 8 of 2009, clearly will be H1N1 influenza A (formerly known as human swine influenza) into the infectious disease prevention and control law provides for the management of infectious diseases of category B, and to take category A infectious diseases of prevention, control measures. The infectious diseases regulated by the Law on Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases are categorized into Category A, Category B and Category C. Category A is the most serious and infectious disease with serious consequences. Category A is the most infectious infectious disease with serious consequences, in descending order. Category A infectious diseases include plague and cholera. Category B infectious diseases include infectious atypical pneumonia, AIDS, viral hepatitis and more than 20 kinds; Category C infectious diseases include influenza, hand, foot and mouth disease and more than 10 kinds.
Viral Characteristics
Influenza A (H1N1) virus is an influenza A virus that carries the H1N1 subtype of swine influenza virus strain, which contains the ribonucleic acid gene fragments of three influenza viruses, namely, avian, swine, and human influenza, and possesses the characteristics of the Asian swine influenza and African swine influenza viruses. Medical tests have shown that current mainstream antiviral drugs are effective against this strain. Photos from the U.S. CDC agency show a negative reaction to the influenza A (H1N1) virus.
Clinical manifestations
The incubation period is usually about 1 to 7 days, which is longer than the incubation period for influenza and avian influenza.
Early symptoms of influenza A (H1N1) are similar to those of ordinary human influenza, including fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, headache, chills, and fatigue, and in some cases, diarrhea or vomiting, muscle aches or fatigue, and redness of the eyes.
In some patients, the disease can progress rapidly, coming on rapidly, sudden high fever, body temperature over 39 ℃, and even secondary to severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary hemorrhage, pleural effusion, pancytopenia, renal failure, sepsis, shock, and Reye's syndrome, respiratory failure, and multi-organ damage, leading to death.
Diagnostic criteria
The Ministry of Health on April 30, 2009 issued the "human swine influenza diagnosis and treatment program (2009 edition)", pointed out that the diagnosis of human swine influenza is mainly combined with epidemiological history, clinical manifestations and pathogenetic examination, etc., clinically, early detection and diagnosis is the key to treatment.
At the same time, the diagnostic and treatment program also details the diagnostic criteria for human swine influenza, specifically the following four kinds of cases:
-- medical observation cases: have been to the swine flu epidemic area, or with sick pigs and swine flu patients have close contact history, 1 week of influenza clinical manifestations. Those who are listed as medical observation cases will be put under medical observation for 7 days (according to the condition, they can be isolated at home or in hospital).
-- Suspected cases: have been to the infected area, or with sick pigs and swine flu patients have a history of close contact (or epidemiological history is not known), within 1 week of the clinical manifestations of influenza, respiratory secretions, pharyngeal test, sputum, serum H subtypes of viral antibodies positive or nucleic acid test positive.
- Clinically diagnosed cases: those who are diagnosed as suspected cases and those with whom they have a history of ****same exposure are diagnosed as confirmed cases.
--Confirmed cases: isolation of specific viruses from respiratory specimens or serum; RT-PCR testing of the above specimens with the presence of swine influenza virus RNA, which is confirmed by sequencing, or two 4-fold increases in serum antibody titers, which confirms the diagnosis of human swine influenza infection.
The ideas and principles of Chinese medicine in treating influenza A (H1N1)
As a kind of influenza, influenza A (H1N1) can be treated with traditional Chinese medicine theories and methods. From the point of view of Chinese medicine, influenza is a situation of feeling foreign evils, which is away from the lung meridian and closes its clear path, and the lung qi cannot descend, and the person is bound to have clear running nose, fever, bad wind, cold, headache and body ache, and other situations. The method should be diffusive, such as Gui Zhi Tang, Ephedra Tang, Ge Gen Tang and so on. If not treated in time will turn into internal injury, triggering kidney yang failure and yin and cold, the kidney channel is connected to the lungs, the heart and lungs of the yang is insufficient, can not regulate the fluid, and runny nose, the patient must not have the foot signs of the external sensation, more sleepy, or sneezing, or cold feet, the method should be to support the yang, such as the four reversed soup, bai tongtong soup, sealing the medulla oblongata, ma huang, epimedium and fine Xin soup, ginger and gui soup, and so on.
[3] Precautions
1, how to protect yourself from influenza A (H1N1)?
In terms of prevention, there is no need to pile up to get vaccinated against human influenza, because the preventive seasonal flu vaccine is not effective in preventing swine flu. The right thing to do is to develop good personal hygiene habits, adequate sleep, exercise, reduce stress, adequate nutrition; wash your hands regularly, especially after contact with public **** items to wash your hands before touching your eyes, nose and mouth; sneezing and coughing should be used to cover the mouth and nose; indoor ventilation and so on.
1, to reduce the opportunity to public *** crowded places, for those who show physical discomfort, fever and coughing symptoms, to avoid close contact with them;
2, to develop good personal hygiene habits, including getting enough sleep, eat nutritious food, exercise more often wash your hands frequently, to use soap to wash your hands thoroughly;
3, in cooking Especially when washing raw pork, poultry (especially waterfowl) should pay special attention. Especially with broken skin. It is recommended to minimize the chance of contact;
4, you can consider wearing a mask to reduce the possibility of wind-borne transmission;
5, regularly take Banlangen (you can consider a certain regularity), big green leaves, mint leaves, honeysuckle as a tea drink.
6, pay special attention to similar clinical manifestations and draw attention to them. In particular, sudden high fever, conjunctival flushing, cough, runny nose and other symptoms.
2. What should I do if I feel that I am infected with influenza?
-If you feel sick, have a high fever, cough or sore throat, stay at home and don't go to crowded places;
-Rest a lot and drink a lot of water;
-When you cough or sneeze, use disposable paper towels to cover your mouth and nose, and dispose of the towels after use;
-Wash your hands frequently and wash your hands thoroughly with soap every time you wash them, especially after coughing or sneezing.
- Wash your hands frequently and thoroughly with soap every time you wash them, especially after coughing or sneezing;
- Tell your family and friends about your symptoms and try to avoid contact with others.
3. How should I care for someone in my family with flu symptoms?
-Isolate the patient from the rest of the family, at least 1 meter away;
-Cover the patient's mouth and nose with a mask or other covering, and discard or clean the covering after use;
-Wash your hands thoroughly with soap after contact with the patient, and keep the space where the patient lives well ventilated;
4. What should you do if you think you need medical treatment? What should I do if I think I need medical treatment?
- Before going to a healthcare facility, you should first contact a healthcare professional to report your symptoms and explain why you think you have influenza A (H1N1);
- If you are unable to contact a healthcare professional ahead of time, be sure to inform your doctor as soon as possible of your suspicion that you are infected with influenza A when arriving at the hospital to seek a diagnosis;
- On the way to the hospital, use a mask or other protective equipment to protect your hands and feet from influenza A. If you do not think you need medical attention, you should contact a doctor. cover your mouth and nose with a mask or something else on the way to the hospital.
9 tips for influenza A (H1N1) prevention
1. Wash your hands frequently and practice good personal hygiene.
2. Get enough sleep, drink plenty of water and stay healthy.
3. Keep the room ventilated, and go to places where there are a lot of people and no ventilation.
4. It is important to separate raw and cooked food when cooking, and cook pork to 71℃ or above to completely kill the swine flu virus.
5. Avoid contact with live pigs or going to places where pigs are present.
6. Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing or sneezing, if you don't have a tissue you should not use your hands but cover your mouth and nose with your elbow.
7. Always have medicines for colds and flu. Once flu-like symptoms (fever, cough, runny nose, etc.) appear, take medicines as soon as possible for symptomatic treatment and seek medical attention as soon as possible, don't go to work or school, and try to minimize the chances of contact with others.
8. Avoid contact with patients with flu-like symptoms.
9. As this epidemic of swine influenza virus is the A/H1N1 influenza virus, the only vaccine for swine influenza is swine vaccine, and human injection of ordinary influenza vaccine can not be effective for swine influenza prevention, influenza A (H1N1) prevention.
Preventing influenza need to prepare items
Recently, the Shanghai Pharmaceutical Industry Association part of the release of the prevention and treatment of influenza A (H1N1) commodity references:
Detergents: hand sanitizer, soap, etc.
Disinfectants: "84", formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, potassium permanganate, ethylene oxide, Peroxyacetic acid, a variety of air disinfectants, etc.
Protective gear: masks, thermometers
Antiviral drugs: amantadine, amantadine, vincristine, vinclozolin, etc.
Reasons for the change in name
The World Health Organization has begun to use the term "influenza A (H1N1)" to replace the term "swine flu". Instead of "swine flu" to refer to the current epidemic, China's Ministry of Health announcement will be the disease known as "influenza A (H1N1)". In this regard, China's CDC deputy director Yang Weizhong told reporters on the 1st, "Type A" that is, "Type A", the name of this name and the international name is actually the same thing, just according to the practice of the domestic Chinese expression is called "Type A". ".
The virus that caused the outbreak in Mexico and the United States is influenza A virus, the H1N1 subtype swine influenza virus strain, which contains genetic fragments of swine flu, avian influenza, and human influenza three influenza viruses, and is a new type of swine influenza virus, which can be infected by human beings. The WHO has repeatedly indicated that although this new virus evolved from the swine flu virus, so far this virus has only made people sick and no cases of pigs being infected have been found. The WHO announced that from April 30, it will start using the term "influenza A (H1N1)" instead of "swine flu" to refer to the current outbreak. WHO spokesman Thompson said that the reason for the change in the current epidemic called, because the term "swine flu" is easy to mislead consumers, the agricultural community and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations has expressed concern about this. There are three types of influenza viruses: Type A (influenza A) viruses infect mammals as well as birds; Type B (influenza B) viruses infect only humans and are usually milder than Type A viruses; and Type C (influenza C) viruses infect only humans and do not cause serious illness.
Contrast
Influenza A (H1N1) Avian influenza Common influenza
Transmission routes The virus is very active, and can be transmitted from humans to pigs, from pigs to humans, or between populations. Human-to-human transmission is mainly mediated by the coughs and sneezes of infected people. The avian influenza virus can so far only be transmitted from birds to humans, not from humans to humans. Human-to-human transmission, air droplet transmission is dominant, and influenza patients and latently infected persons are the main sources of infection. 1~7 days after the onset of contagious, 2~3 days at the beginning of the disease is the most contagious.
Symptoms The most obvious symptom of human infection with swine flu is "the initial symptoms similar to ordinary influenza, but the body temperature suddenly exceeds 39 degrees, muscle aches and pains, accompanied by dizziness, headache, diarrhea, vomiting and other symptoms or some of them. Symptoms of infection are mainly characterized by high fever, cough, runny nose, myalgia, etc. Most of them are accompanied by severe pneumonia, and in severe cases, heart, kidney and other multiple organ failure leading to death. Symptoms of common human influenza are similar to those of human swine influenza infection.
Incubation period The new swine flu virus may incubate in the human body for 7 days before showing symptoms. The incubation period for human avian influenza is generally 1 to 3 days, usually less than 7 days. The incubation period for influenza is 1-4 days, with an average of 2 days.
Mortality rate The mortality rate of swine influenza is 6.77%, which is higher than that of general influenza. There are two main reasons for its high lethality rate: firstly, the virus is fierce; secondly, the people do not pay attention to the new disease at the beginning, thinking that it is a common cold, and a lot of people take some medicines casually by themselves and miss the optimal treatment period of the first 72 hours of the disease. The mortality rate of human avian influenza is 60%. Ordinary influenza can be fatal, but the mortality rate is lower.
Population susceptible to infection The vast majority of patients killed by swine flu are between the ages of 20 and 45, belonging to the young and middle-aged. A high percentage of children under 13 years of age have been found to be susceptible to the flu and are more seriously ill. The four groups of people most vulnerable to influenza are: the elderly, people with chronic diseases such as liver, kidney and heart disease, health care workers who are often in contact with people with influenza, and children.
Preventing and controlling the vaccine All the influenza vaccines that have been developed by mankind are ineffective against swine influenza, but human swine influenza infection is preventable, controllable and curable. Countries have been developing vaccines against avian influenza. Vaccines have been developed to prevent influenza, the vaccination time is mostly in mid-October-November each year, once a year.
Discovery
Beginning on March 18, 2009, human infections and deaths were discovered in Mexico.
Canadian federal health officials confirmed at a news conference in Ottawa on May 2, 2009, that the influenza A (H1N1) virus had been detected in pigs on a hog farm in the western Canadian province of Alberta, the first time in the world that pigs had been found to be infected with the new virus.
Influenza A (H1N1) and mainland China
China's Ministry of Health confirmed the first case of influenza A (H1N1) in China on the morning of May 11th.
Yan Biyao, deputy director of the Sichuan Provincial Department of Health, informed on the morning of May 11, "In the afternoon of May 10, the Sichuan Provincial Department of Health reported that the Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital had found a case of fever, which was preliminarily diagnosed as a suspected case of Influenza A (H1N1) based on the clinical manifestations and laboratory test results. Since then, the patient has been transferred to the Chengdu Infectious Diseases Hospital for isolation treatment, and fifteen health care workers as close contacts in the course of their consultations have also been taken under medical observation.
According to reports, the patient's body temperature is normal, the condition has recovered, good mental state. Bao Moumou to Chengdu, with his father, girlfriend, cab driver three people have had contact, all three were transferred to the Chengdu Infectious Diseases Hospital isolation treatment, by expert consultation, emergency prevention and treatment, the current situation is stable.
The patient Bao Moumou, male, thirty years old, previously in the United States to study at a university. The patient went to Tokyo on May 7 from St. Louis via Sao Paulo, Japan, and took flight NW029 from Tokyo on May 8, arriving at Beijing Capital International Airport at 1:30 a.m. on May 9, and took flight 3U8882 from Beijing on the same day at 10:50 a.m., arriving at Chengdu at 13:17 a.m. The patient is now in a stable condition.
The patient was conscious of fever, sore throat, and cough during the flight from Beijing to Chengdu on May 9, and went to the Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital after getting off the plane in Chengdu. On the morning of May 10, the Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention (SPCDC) reviewed the test twice and preliminarily diagnosed the patient as a suspected case of Influenza A (H1N1). May 10 evening, the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the Academy of Military Medical Sciences received a suspected patient specimen, overnight laboratory testing. Eleventh morning, the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the Military Academy of Medical Sciences on the suspected patient throat swab specimens of influenza A H1N1 virus nucleic acid test results for positive.
Teach you to recognize --- H1N1 influenza A
First, the basic knowledge of swine flu
1, what is swine flu? Can the swine flu virus be transmitted to people?
Swine influenza is a swine respiratory disease caused by swine influenza A virus, which can cause influenza outbreaks in swine herds. Normally, humans are rarely infected with swine influenza viruses. In recent years, there have been cases of human infection with swine influenza in the United States and other places, and most of the patients have had direct contact with sick pigs.
2. How do people get infected with swine flu? What are the symptoms and performance of swine flu infection?
People can be infected by contact with infected pigs or by contact with the environment infected by the swine flu virus, or by contact with people infected with the swine flu virus.
Symptoms of swine influenza in humans are similar to those of human influenza, including fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, headache, chills and fatigue, and in some cases diarrhea and vomiting, and in severe cases, pneumonia and respiratory failure, or even death.
3. Is there a vaccine for swine flu?
At present, there is no vaccine to prevent human swine influenza, but human swine influenza is preventable, controllable and treatable.
4. Can I get swine flu if I eat pork?
There is no evidence that swine flu can be transmitted through food. Therefore, it is safe to consume properly cooked pork and pork products. Cooking pork to an internal temperature of 71°C kills bacteria and viruses.
5. What measures can the public take?
(1) Avoid contact with respiratory patients with flu-like symptoms (fever, cough, runny nose, etc.) or pneumonia.
(2) Pay attention to personal hygiene and wash your hands frequently with hand sanitizer (soap) and water, especially after coughing or sneezing.
(3) Avoid contact with live pigs or traveling to places with pigs.
(4) Avoid crowded places.
(5) Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing or sneezing, and then dispose of the tissue in the trash.
(6) If you are sick, stay home and minimize contact with others to avoid infecting them.
(7) Try to avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth as germs can be spread through these means.
II. Notes for people entering and leaving the country
1. The following people should not travel:
(1) Anyone who is unwell, especially with fever;
(2) Anyone who has been in close contact with a suspected or confirmed case of swine flu in the past ten days, i.e., anyone who has taken care of the patient, lived with the patient, or come into contact with the patient's respiratory secretions and bodily fluids.
2, out of the country people need to do:
(1) before traveling, you need to prepare the following items:
General emergency supplies such as: paper towels, masks, etc., in case of emergency.
Disinfectant containing 65~95% alcohol to clean and sanitize your hands in case you don't have hand washing facilities.
Local Chinese consulate contact number.
(2) During the journey
A. Quarantine
Cooperate with the quarantine and health personnel in completing the necessary entry and exit procedures and quarantine measures. Do not litter or spit.
Garbage should be placed in the waste bin. If you spit, wrap it in a paper towel and dispose of it in the waste bin.
B. Hand washing
Keep your hands clean, wash your hands with hand sanitizer after using the toilet, before eating, before handling food, and after touching public **** objects. Avoid touching the eyes, nose and mouth, if you need to touch, you should wash your hands first. If you don't have hand washing facilities, use alcohol-based sanitizers to wash your hands.
C. Spare tissues/handkerchiefs
Bring tissues/handkerchiefs. Cover your nose and mouth when sneezing and coughing.
D. Spare personal items
Don't **** towels and personal items to avoid spreading diseases.
E. Spare Masks
You can bring a spare mask to wear in case of respiratory illness of yourself/your fellow travelers.
F. Chopsticks and spoons
You should use chopsticks and spoons when eating, and should not share lunch boxes and drinks with others.
G. Healthy Lifestyle
Continue to practice a healthy lifestyle during your trip and keep your body clean and do not smoke.
H. In case of illness
In case of illness, especially fever, notify the hotel and the tour leader/guide or relevant personnel;
The sick person and his/her caregiver should wear a mask immediately;
Arrange for a doctor's appointment as soon as possible;
Remain in the hotel room/room to rest and terminate the tour temporarily until he/she is well enough to recover.
If a traveler is suspected or confirmed to have swine flu by a local doctor, he/she should stay in the local hospital for further examination or treatment. Travelers should reduce contact with the sick person if not necessary and follow the local doctor's instructions to strictly observe personal hygiene measures. The traveler should cooperate with the local health and quarantine department to arrange the rest of the trip and the required quarantine measures.
(3) After the trip
Within 2 weeks of returning home, if you experience flu-like symptoms (fever, cough, runny nose, etc.), you should contact your local health and disease control authorities.
3, the entry of people need to do:
(1) from the infected area of the return to the country when entering the country, such as influenza-like symptoms (fever, cough, runny nose, etc.), should take the initiative to the entry-exit inspection and quarantine agencies.
(2) returned from the infected area within 2 weeks, such as influenza-like symptoms (fever, cough, runny nose, etc.), should promptly contact the local health and disease control departments.
Third, participate in public activities to prevent swine flu and other infectious diseases, the public is advised to pay attention to:
1, participate in the activities:
If you feel unwell, especially fever and/or coughing, sneezing and other respiratory symptoms, you should not go to the activities, you should find a doctor's appointment as soon as possible.
Hands should always be clean and washed after touching public objects or facilities.
Handkerchiefs and tissues should be kept handy.
2. During the activity:
Maintain good personal hygiene. Cover your mouth and nose when sneezing or coughing, and wash your hands with hand sanitizer immediately afterwards to avoid spreading germs through droplets.
Wash your hands before touching your eyes, mouth or nose, before eating and after using the toilet.
Wash your hands with hand sanitizer and dry them with paper towels or a drying device.
If handwashing facilities are not available, sanitize hands with a hand sanitizer containing 65-95% alcohol.
Do not spit or litter. Wrap spit in a tissue and dispose of it in a trash can. Garbage should also be disposed of in the trash can.
No smoking.
3. After the event:
Keep your hands clean.
After returning home, you should take a shower and wash your hair to remove dirt and bacteria from your body.
4. Precautions for public **** transportation
1. Before there is a local case of swine flu:
(1) Keep the compartment/cabin clean
Do not eat or drink in the compartment/cabin.
Do not smoke.
Do not spit.
Do not litter. Put your garbage in the garbage bins located at the stations/platforms/lobbies.
Use a vomit bag if you need to vomit.
(2) Maintain good personal hygiene
Avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth with your hands.
Cover your nose and mouth when you sneeze or cough.
If you have symptoms of respiratory infection or fever, seek medical advice.
(3) Wear a mask
It is advisable to wear a mask when traveling on public ****transportation, especially:
people with respiratory infections or fever;
people who need to take care of someone with respiratory infections or fever.
2. After the emergence of local cases of swine flu:
In addition to the above measures, it is necessary to:
(1) Wear masks
People who travel on public ****transportation should wear masks, in particular: during peak hours when the flow of people is heavy; in sealed compartments/cabins;
People with respiratory symptoms or fever; and persons who have been in close contact with swine flu patients[1] should wear a mask for 10 consecutive days from the date of last contact.
Masks should also be worn by persons who have had social contact[2] with swine flu patients.
(2) Maintain air circulation in the cabin
If the windows are open/close, open the windows as much as possible to ensure air circulation in the cabin.
(3) Ask for assistance
If you suspect that you are suffering from swine flu;
Please use an ambulance to go to the hospital;
If you are at the station or pier, or are already riding in the cabin of the vehicle/boat, you can ask the driver or staff of the transportation organization to help you to summon an ambulance or the Marine Police to go to the hospital for medical treatment.
Note [1]: Close contact means having cared for the patient, lived with the patient***, or having had direct contact with the patient's respiratory secretions or body fluids.
Note [2]: Social contact means an ordinary meeting, i.e. not having cared for the patient, not living with the patient***, and not having had direct contact with the patient's secretions or body fluids.
V. Proper hand washing methods
Keeping hands hygienic is the first condition to prevent infectious diseases. Thoroughly wash your hands with hand sanitizer or disinfect your hands with alcohol-based handrub can keep your hands hygienic.
1. When should I wash my hands?
(1) before contacting eyes, nose and mouth
(2) before eating and handling food
(3) after toileting
(4) when hands are divided by the respiratory tract
(4) when hands are stained by respiratory substances, such as spitters. (4) When hands are contaminated by respiratory substances, such as after sneezing and coughing
(5) After touching public **** objects, such as elevator handrails, lift buttons, and door handles
(6) After changing diapers of young children or sick people, and handling contaminated objects
(7) Before and after visiting hospitals and animal farms
(8) After touching animals or poultry
Generally, hands are not contaminated when they are visibly soiled, as they are when they are not in contact with animals and fowl. In general, wash your hands with hand sanitizer (soap) and water when they are visibly soiled or may have been contaminated by bodily fluids, such as after using the toilet or changing diapers, sneezing and coughing. If your hands are not visibly soiled, use a 70-80% alcohol-based handrub to sanitize your hands.
2, the correct hand washing steps:
Hand washing with hand sanitizer, the program is as follows:
(1) open the tap to rinse hands.
(2) Add hand sanitizer and rub out the foam with your hands.
(3) Rub your palms, backs of hands, finger gaps, backs of fingers, thumbs, fingertips, and wrists for at least 20 seconds.
(4) Rinse your hands thoroughly with water only after scrubbing.
(5) Dry your hands thoroughly with a clean towel or paper towel, or blow dry your hands with a dry cell phone.
(6) After you wash your hands, you will need to touch the faucet directly. To touch the faucet directly again, you can wrap the faucet with a hand towel before turning off the faucet; or splash water to rinse the faucet clean.
3. Note:
(1) Do not enjoy towels or paper towels with others ****.
(2) Wiped hands of paper towels should be properly disposed of after use.
(3) Personal hand towels should be properly placed and thoroughly cleaned at least once a day, and it is ideal to have more than one towel for frequent replacement.
4. Sterilize your hands with alcohol-based handrub as follows:
Pour a sufficient amount of alcohol-based handrub into your palm and rub your palms, backs of your hands, finger gaps, backs of your fingers, thumbs, fingertips, and wrists, for at least 20 seconds each, until your hands are dry.
Six, the correct use of mask
Wearing a surgical mask to pay attention to matters (before wearing a mask, as well as before and after taking off the mask must wash their hands):
1, to let the mask close to the face:
(1) mask has a color of one side outward, with a metal piece of the side of the upward;
(2) tighten the fixed mask rope, or put the mask rubber band around the ears. (2) Tighten the string holding the mask in place, or wrap the rubber bands around the ears so that the mask fits snugly around the face;
(3) The mask should completely cover the mouth, nose and chin;
(4) Press the metal tabs on the mask along the bridge of the nose on both sides so that the mask fits snugly around the face.
2. After wearing the mask, avoid touching the mask to prevent reducing the protective effect; if you must touch the mask, wash your hands thoroughly before and after touching it.
3. When taking off the mask, avoid touching the outward part of the mask as much as possible, because this part may have been contaminated with germs.
4. After taking off the mask, put it into a tape or paper bag and then put it into a covered garbage can for disposal.
5. Surgical masks should be changed at least every day, and should be replaced immediately if they are torn or soiled.