One, the new period to timely refresh the work method
"Construction industry 10 new technologies (2017 edition)" was published, seismic, strengthening and monitoring technology as one of the new technologies, from a number of aspects of the list to share the technical content. Seismic aspects of energy dissipation and damping technology is mainly applied to multi-high-rise buildings, towering towers, large-span bridges, flexible pipelines and pipelines (lifeline projects), improvement of seismic (or wind) resistance of existing buildings, and protection of cultural relics buildings and monumental buildings (structures). Building seismic isolation technology is generally used in important buildings, general nail, class B and other particularly important buildings; can also be used in buildings with special requirements, traditional seismic technology is difficult to meet the seismic requirements or higher seismic requirements of certain buildings, can also be used for seismic performance does not meet the requirements of the existing building reinforcement and renovation, cultural relics of buildings and monumental buildings (structures) protection, etc..
Reinforcement of structural components reinforcement technology commonly used stranded wire mesh polymer mortar reinforcement technology and wrapped steel reinforcement technology. Strand mesh polymer mortar reinforcement technology is in the reinforced component interface treatment, the strand mesh laid in the reinforced component tensile parts, and then coated with polymer mortar. External steel reinforcement method is in reinforced concrete beams, columns around the package steel a reinforcement method, can be divided into dry and wet two kinds, the two bearing capacity to improve the effect of the construction of the degree of ease of difference. Strand mesh polymer mortar reinforcement technology is suitable for masonry structure brick wall, reinforced concrete structure beams, slabs, columns and nodes of the reinforcement. The external steel cladding reinforcement technology is suitable for the reinforcement of reinforced concrete beam and column structures that need to improve the sectional load carrying capacity and seismic capacity.
The Regulations on Seismic Management of Construction Works (Draft for Comments) also put forward corresponding requirements for seismic reinforcement works, such as the following articles. Article 15 construction requirements project general contractors, construction units and supervision units should strengthen the seismic measures, key nodes construction quality management, to ensure that the quality of construction in line with seismic defense standards. Article 19 seismic isolation engineering design using seismic isolation technology construction projects, the design unit should be in the design documents on the seismic isolation device technical performance, inspection and testing, seismic isolation construction measures, construction and installation, and the use of maintenance to put forward clear requirements. Article 27 reinforcement acceptance seismic reinforcement is completed, the construction project owner shall, in accordance with the provisions of the "Construction Engineering Quality Management Regulations" organization acceptance. Acceptance, should be set up in the project in a conspicuous part of the signage, set out the construction of the project age, seismic reinforcement time, reinforcement of the longest service life and other information. With the industry regulations and national standard atlas constantly updated, engineering practitioners should constantly refresh the relevant provisions and terms of content to ensure that the design and construction program in line with industry requirements to ensure that the quality of the project is safe and reliable.
Second, understand the seismic method and accessories construction
Building seismic reinforcement involves a large number of construction methods, you should learn to understand the design of the construction program and the content of the method, choose the program suitable for the project situation, to ensure that the seismic effect is good. The construction program can be categorized and organized to ensure proper use.
By part
Frame beam
(1) beam cross-section size, in line with the following requirements: cross-section width of not less than 200mm; cross-section aspect ratio is not greater than 4; net span and cross-section height ratio is not less than 4. (2) beam reinforcement should be to ensure that the beam end of the longitudinal tensile reinforcement reinforcement rate is not greater than 2.5%, and counting compression reinforcement of the beam end of the compressive zone of the concrete compression The ratio of height and effective height of beam end section is not more than 0.35. The ratio of longitudinal reinforcement at the bottom and top surfaces of beam end section is not less than 0.3, except determined by calculation.(3) The length of hoop encrypted area at the end of the beam, the maximum spacing of the hoop and the minimum diameter of the hoop are adopted in accordance with the specification, and the value of the minimum diameter of the hoop shall be increased by 2mm when the reinforcement ratio of longitudinal tensile reinforcement at the end of the beam is more than 2%.(4) The configuration of the beam's longitudinal reinforcement should Conform to the following requirements: along the entire length of the beam top and bottom of the reinforcement, not less than 2φ14 and were not less than the beam ends of the top and bottom of the longitudinal reinforcement in the larger cross-section area of 1/4, the frame beam through the column of each longitudinal reinforcement diameter is not greater than the column in the direction of cross-section size of 1/20. (5) beam end of the encrypted area of the hoop bar limb distance should be not greater than 250mm and 20 times the hoop diameter of the larger value.
Seismic wall
(1) The thickness of the seismic wall is not less than 160mm and not less than 1/20 of the height of the floor, and the thickness of the seismic wall at the bottom reinforcement part is not less than 200mm and should not be less than 1/16 of the height of the floor, and the bottom reinforcement layer is 1~3 floors, and the spacing of dark columns hoop bars is 150mm, and the spacing of the double rows of reinforcement bars of the seismic wall is 400mm in the shape of a flower between the reinforcement bars; and the rest of the floor, the spacing of dark columns hoop bars is 400mm. floors, the spacing of hoop bars of dark columns is 200mm, and the spacing of tie bars is 600mm.(2) The vertical and lateral distribution of reinforcement of seismic wall, the reinforcement rate is not less than 0.25%, and double rows of reinforcement are arranged, and the spacing of tie bars is not more than 600mm, and the diameter of tie bars is not less than 6mm.(3) The restraining edge members of seismic wall include dark columns, end columns, and wing walls. (4) Hoop reinforcement shall be provided within the anchorage length of the longitudinal reinforcement of the top floor tie beam.
Seismic joints are not suitable for all buildings to set up seismic joints - seismic area buildings to ensure the weight and stiffness of the symmetrical and uniform distribution, to avoid sudden changes in the plane and elevation, and often do not set up deformation joints to ensure structural integrity, to strengthen the overall stiffness. When the building is required to have seismic joints, it should be ensured that the seismic joints are set up separately, with all the members from the top surface of the foundation to the roof disconnected, and walls should be set up on both sides of the joints. When the building plan is more complex, seismic joints should be set up with expansion joints, settlement joints, to achieve a multi-purpose or multi-seam, then the width of the seam must meet the highest setup requirements, such as the combination of settlement joints, the foundation should also be disconnected; at the same time, the seismic joints of the minimum width of the seismic design and seismic design intensity, the height of the house is related.
Anti-seismic bracket when encountered in the region seismic defense intensity of the earthquake occurred, in order to achieve the purpose of mitigating earthquake damage, reduce and prevent secondary disasters as far as possible, the building water supply and drainage, fire protection, heating, ventilation, air conditioning, gas, heat, electricity, communications and other mechanical and electrical engineering facilities should be set up anti-seismic bracket. The construction of seismic bracing mainly involves the use of anchors, reinforcement booms, seismic connecting members, pipe connecting members, seismic diagonal braces, steel profiles, fasteners and other components. The construction should pay attention to the following issues: (1) all components of seismic hangers should be used to ensure that the quality of the construction of hangers meets the requirements; (2) because of seismic hangers in the basement set up in the basement is more centralized, the basement is an indoor humid environment, so the purchase of materials for seismic hangers should be from the price and quality of the factors such as a comprehensive consideration.
Building design by measures has a great impact on the seismic performance of the building, so before construction, the construction program should be carefully studied in the drawing review to ensure that the seismic performance meets the requirements. When the building structure is not conducive to building seismic, seismic construction measures should be strengthened during construction. Such as the wrong floor structure in the actual construction, the use of finite element calculation may not be able to get with the actual project in line with the reasonable results, so when can not avoid the wrong floor structure of the project, should pay attention to the construction program on the wrong floor structure of the seismic measures. (1) high-rise buildings at the wrong floor of the frame column cross-section height should not be less than 600mm, the concrete should not be less than C30, seismic grade should be increased by one level, the hoop should be encrypted in the whole column section, and from the strict control of the column's axial compression ratio. (2) Staggered floor out-of-plane bearing shear wall, the section thickness, non-seismic design should not be less than 200mm, seismic design should not be less than 250mm, and should be set with the perpendicular wall limb or handrail columns; seismic grade should be increased by one level to adopt, horizontal and vertical distribution of steel reinforcement rate, non-seismic design should not be less than 0.3%, seismic design should not be less than 0.5%, it is recommended that staggered floor at the Wall limbs in accordance with the requirements of the bottom of the shear wall reinforcement parts to increase the shear design value.
According to the specification on the building seismic codes and atlases are numerous, can be divided according to the category of the project, through the purchase, borrowing or online download, etc., the relevant provisions of the study. ◆ 09SG619-1, "Seismic Reinforcement of House Buildings (I) (Seismic Reinforcement of Primary and Secondary School Buildings)" ◆ 11G329-1, "Corrected Description of Detailed Drawings of Seismic-Resistant Structures of Buildings (Multi-storey and High-rise Reinforced Concrete Houses)" ◆ 11G329-2, "Detailed Drawings of Seismic-Resistant Structures of Buildings (Multi-storey Masonry House and Bottom-frame Masonry House)" ◆ 11G329-3, "Seismic-Resistant Structures of Buildings Detailed Drawing of Seismic-Resistant Construction of Buildings (Single-story Industrial Building) ◆ 11SG619-4, "Seismic Reinforcement of House Buildings (IV) (Seismic Reinforcement of Masonry Houses)" ◆ 12G619-2, "Seismic Reinforcement of House Buildings (II) (Seismic Reinforcement of Medical Buildings)" ◆ 12SG619-3, "Seismic Reinforcement of House Buildings (III) (Single-story Industrial Plant, Chimney, Water Tower)" ◆ 13SG619-5, "Seismic Reinforcement of House Buildings (V)" ◆ 13SG619-5, "Seismic Reinforcement of House Buildings (VI) ◆ 13SG619-5, "Seismic Reinforcement of House Buildings (V) (Seismic Reinforcement of Public *** Buildings)" ◆ 16D707-1, "Seismic Installation of Electrical Facilities in Buildings" ◆ 17T206, "Seismic Support Design and Installation of Subway Engineering"
Building seismic reinforcement is very important for the safety of the structure and a lot of buildings are damaged in earthquakes and the design and construction are all related to it. Improving the seismic performance of buildings and their appurtenant structures is essential to improve the rationality of construction. Practitioners should start from their own point of view, so that the reinforcement program is more suitable for the construction of the situation, to increase the seismic performance of the building, to extend the period of use.
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