Technological advances have led to the introduction of a variety of new medical equipment, such as laser, computed tomography, nuclear magnetic **** vibration, etc., the invention of laser has had the greatest impact on the dermatology department, laser has gradually changed the face of the dermatological sciences: through the use of lasers, the dermatology department has been transformed from the simple treatment of diseases to the treatment of disease and cosmetic maintenance of both the specialty medicine. The first step in the process is to make sure that you have the best possible results.
What is LASER?
Simply put, it is light amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation (LASER), which has the characteristics of high energy, single wavelength, single phase, low scattering angle, etc., and can therefore highly selectively destroy specific substances without harming other substances. It is highly selective in destroying specific substances without harming others. For a highly complex organ such as the skin, lasers are a powerful treatment tool that can remove abnormal tissues or lesions while preserving normal tissues. In other words, compared to traditional treatment tools, lasers can improve the effectiveness of treatment and reduce the side effects of treatment. It must be emphasized that laser is only a tool, it is not omnipotent, there are still many diseases that can not be treated by laser, on the other hand, there are also many diseases that can be treated by laser, can be treated by traditional methods, the effect is not inferior to laser treatment, but the cost is much less.
Traditionally, dermatology lasers are classified into three categories:
The first category is the water-absorbing lasers, such as carbon dioxide lasers, Erbium Jacobian lasers, and so on, which can carbonize water-containing tissues and can be used for cutting, removing spots, warts, or wrinkles. etc. As the Pulse width of traditional CO2 laser is too long, it will cause thermal damage to the nearby skin and form a crust, which will prolong the time needed for wound healing, increase the time of postoperative erythema, and make it easy to form scars, and for yellow people, it is more likely to cause long-term postoperative hyperpigmentation phenomenon, so to use the traditional CO2 laser to resurface the skin is actually not a good choice. Fortunately, in the past few years, there have been many new types of CO2 lasers, such as UltraPulse, TruPulse, Nova-Pulse with ultra-short pulse width, or Silk-Touch and Feather-Touch with CPG, which can effectively avoid the above side effects. What's more, with the advent of Erbium Jacobian Laser, the wavelength of Erbium Jacobian Laser, 2940nm, is absorbed by water ten times more than CO2 laser, 10600nm, so it can accurately remove the target material without causing thermal damage to the nearby skin, without the formation of burnt scabs, the time needed for wound healing is shortened, and the time of post-operative erythema is shortened, and scars are less prone to be formed.
The second type of lasers mainly use black material as the absorbing medium:
Such as Q-switched Ruby laser, Q-switched Rubidium Jacobian laser, Q-switched Alexandrite laser, etc. Due to the very short Pulse width, such as Q-switched Rubidium Jacobian laser, Q-switched Alexandrite laser, etc., the pulse of this type of laser is much shorter than that of the Q-switched Rubidium Jacobian laser. Because the Pulse width of these lasers is very short, such as Q-switched ruby laser, the Pulse width is only 25-40 nanoseconds (ns), so it can effectively destroy the melanin or black tattoo substances in the epidermis or dermis, and has very good therapeutic effects on various kinds of blue-black mother spots, such as mother spots of Ota, zygomatic bone mother spots, freckles, sun-rotating light nevus, Rouleaux keratocystis, tattooing, tattooing of eyebrow, tattooing of eye line, etc. Other lasers have very good therapeutic effects, and the other lasers have very good therapeutic effects. It has very good therapeutic effect, and other spots such as coffee milk spots and Beck's mother spots can also be improved.
The third type of laser that takes hemoglobin as the target of treatment:
Flash-lamp pumped pulsed dye laser and long-pulsed dye laser can be used to treat various kinds of reddish vascular spots, microvascular dilatation, rosacea, and even psoriasis and viral warts, It is also effective in treating red vascularized macules, microvascular dilatation, rosacea, ringworm, viral warts, and so on. Originally, the flash-excited dye laser has a wavelength of 585 nm and a pulse width of 450 μs, which limits the depth of vascular lesions and the size of the blood vessels that can be treated. Fortunately, with the emergence of adjustable long-wavelength dye lasers, the wavelengths can be adjusted to 585, 590, 595, and 600 nm, and pulse widths can be adjusted to 450 μs or 1 ms to greatly increase the effectiveness of the treatment, especially when combined with superficial vascular lesions. The effect of the treatment, especially with the use of epidermal cooling system, minimizes the discomfort of the patient.
In the last two years, two additional types of lasers have emerged to expand the range of dermatology services.
The first is the invention of hair removal lasers, utilizing the principle that the thermal relaxation time of the hair follicle is much greater than the thermal relaxation time of the melanin grains, the pulse width of the second type of lasers, such as Q-switched ruby lasers and Q-switched alexandrite lasers, has been extended by 25 nanoseconds (ns) to reach 1-10 microseconds (ms). By extending the pulse width from 25 nanoseconds (ns) to 1-10 microseconds (ms), the hair can be removed selectively, and together with the epidermal cooling system, a painless and permanent hair removal effect can be achieved. It must be emphasized that, due to the hair growth cycle, the hair removal laser can remove the hair follicles that are currently in the anagen phase, and can not remove the hair follicles that happen to be located in the resting phase, therefore, laser hair removal is not a one-time effect, and must be due to the different parts of the hair growth cycle, and there are different treatment cycles and number of times, in general, at least three times of the treatment will have satisfactory results.