Yue Fei (1103--1142), the word Pengju, was born in a sharecropper's family in Tangyin (present-day Tangyin County, Henan Province), Xiangzhou, Northern Song Dynasty, and in his youth, he encountered a large-scale war of pillage waged by the Jin female aristocrats against the Song. He witnessed the tragic historical facts before and after the fall of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the people of the fallen areas of the Central Plains breathe the same way, there is a resolute resistance to the female Genghis Khan national oppression, recovery of the homeland, the unity of the motherland's strong desire and requirements.
The end of the Northern Song Dynasty, by the national oppression of the Han, Khitan, Bohai, Xi and other ethnic groups, "hatred of the Golden State, deep in the marrow", have automatically organized resistance.
From the twelfth century, from the twentieth generation, the Yellow River, north and south, between the two Huaihuai, set off a fierce anti-Jin national war. Yue Fei, together with the famous generals Zongze and Han Shizhong, stood at the forefront of the struggle against the Jin Dynasty. However, the corrupt ruling group of the Northern Song Dynasty, to take the policy of compromise, surrender, 1127 (Jingkang two years), Hui Zong Zhao Ji, Qin Zong Zhao Huan was taken captive, and then took over the throne of the Southern Song Dynasty's head of the small court of Zhao Jung, is also a surrender faction. He was in the south of the Yangtze River, intoxicated by the song and dance, no real organization of the national war against the Jin Dynasty and put it to the end of the determination and intention, the difference is that one side of the credit Qin Hui and other surrender faction, through them to face a series of negotiation and surrender activities; on the other side is the use of Zong Ze, Yue Fei, Han Shizhong and other resistance faction, resist the Jin Dynasty's offensive, in order to keep his throne and accumulate the capital of the emperor and the knees to seek peace. By the middle of the twentieth century and twenties, after the formation of the military demarcation line between the confrontation of Song and Jin on the line from Jianghuai in the east to Shaanxi in the west, the ruling clique of Zhao Jiu and Qin Hui actually became the biggest stumbling block in the struggle of the Southern Song against the Jin Dynasty; on the contrary, the resistance faction, such as Yue Fei and Han Shizhong became the biggest obstacle to the activities of Zhao Jiu and Qin Hui's surrender faction. The struggle between the resistance and surrender faction within the Southern Song court is becoming more and more acute.
Yue Fei resolutely opposed to the peace, advocating resistance to the end, put personal honor and disgrace outside the degree of safety and security, Zhao Jiu, Qin Hui's capitulation activities resolutely struggle. 1139 (Shaoxing nine years), Yue Fei in Ezhou (present-day Wuchang, Hubei Province) heard that the Song-Jin peace will be reached, immediately wrote a letter to express his opposition to, declared that "the Jin people are not trustworthy, and the peace is not to be relied upon! ", and directly attacked the "minister" Qin Hui planning, ill-intentioned surrender activities, so that "Qin Hui title of (hold hate)". After the conclusion of the peace conference, the high emperor zhao zhong zhongjiu forgetful, issued an imperial edict of amnesty, the civil and military ministers of the great reward. However, the edict was issued three times, Yue Fei refused to accept the title of Kai Fu Yi Tong San Si (a rank) and the grant of 3,500 households of cognac. In his resignation, he bitterly expressed his opposition to negotiating peace: "Today's matter can be dangerous but not safe, can be worried but not congratulated." And again expressed his determination to recover the Central Plains, "I would like to set my mind on a complete victory, and hope to recover the land in the two rivers, spit on Yan Yun, and finally want to take revenge to repay my country." This is tantamount to the Song Emperor poured cold water on his head, thus making more Zhao Gong, Qin Hui harbor hatred. "But Yue Fei, regardless of personal gains and losses, adhere to the position of resistance to the end, leading the army, liaising with the northern volunteers, fruitfully engaged in the war against the Jin Dynasty, planning the recovery of the Central Plains, the unification of the motherland, and became a powerful pillar in the national war against the Jin Dynasty.
In the summer of 1139 (Shaoxing nine years), Jin Wuzhu tore down the Shaoxing peace agreement, and came out; once again launched a large-scale war against the Song. In the east and west of the army achieved a great victory against the Jin situation, Yue Fei waved troops from the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, the implementation of the unstoppable counterattack ", he has been prepared to show the recovery of the Central Plains ambition of the time has come.
Yue's army entered the Central Plains, by the people of the Central Plains, the loyal militia's warm welcome. In July of that year, Yue Fei personally led a light cavalry stationed in Henan Place, and Jin Wuzhu 15,000 elite cavalry in a fierce battle. Yue Fei personally led his troops to attack the enemy and defeated the Jin army's "Tie Futu" (guards and soldiers) and "Kuan Zi Ma" (cavalrymen attacking on the left and right flanks), which led to a great defeat of the Jin Woodward. Yue Fei general Yang Zaixing, single rider into the enemy line, want to capture Jin Woodruff alive, can Tsou did not find, hand to kill hundreds of enemies, body was dozens of wounds, valor incomparable. Yue family army generals have "guard death without going" fighting style, the enemy to the mountains and seas of vigor, but also can not shake the Yue family lineup. After the great victory at a reasonable price, Yue Fei took advantage of the victory to march to Zhuxianzhen (only forty-five miles away from Bianjing, the main camp of the Jin army), Jin Woodruff gathered 100,000 troops to resist, and was beaten by Yue Fei again. Yue Fei's northern expedition to the Central Plains, a breath of recovery of Yingchang, Caizhou, Chenzhou, Zhengzhou, placebo, Zhu Xianzhen, eliminated the vital forces of the Jin army, the Jin army army shaken, Jin Woodruff was ready to retreat from Kaifeng overnight. South Song anti-Jin struggle has a fundamental turnaround, and then step forward, fallen more than ten years of the Central Plains. Can be expected to recover. Yue Fei excitedly said to the generals: "straight to the Huanglong House, and the gentlemen drink! (break the drinking rule to celebrate)" and the gold army issued a "easy to shake the mountain, shake the Yuejia army difficult" lament.
But the Yuejia Army, which is hard to shake by external enemies, was destroyed by the surrender faction within the Southern Song court. In this war against the Jin Dynasty achieved a brilliant victory at the moment, willing to act as a child emperor of the high emperor Zhao Jong, because of the fear that once the Central Plains recovered, the Jin people released his brother Qinzong, he could not keep the throne, and eagerly hoped to negotiate peace with the Jin into. The Jin people inserted in the Southern Song court stole the prime minister of the traitor Qin inspection, also seize the high emperor this unspeakable heart disease activities, sabotage Yue Fei's resistance. They work together, conspired to formulate a whole line of withdrawal of troops, burying the good situation of the anti-jin situation of the evil plan. They first ordered the east and west lines of troops, resulting in a lone army of the Yuejia army protrudes from the unfavorable situation; that is, in the name of the "lone army can not stay", and even under the name of the twelve gold medals (red lacquer and gold lettering wooden signs), the urgent order Yue Fei "set up the class division". At the end of the "class division", at the end of the "loss of the division" of the unfavorable situation, Yue Fei knows that this is the power of the ministers with the affairs of the order; but in order to save the strength of the resistance to gold, had to bear the pain of the division. Yue Fei said with indignation; "ten years of work, wasted in one! Get the counties, one day all rest! The social funny rivers and mountains, difficult to revitalize! Qiankun world, no way back again!" Yue Fei's heroic struggle against the Jin Dynasty, to this point was forced to interrupt. Yuejia army division, longing for the king's division of the north of the Central Plains of the father and mother of brothers, blocking the road mournful tears. Yue Fei in order to protect the lives and property of the people, intentionally threatened to cross the river tomorrow, scared Jin Woodruff abandoned the city overnight and fled north, ready to cross the Yellow River, so that Yue Fei was able to calmly organize a large number of people in Henan to move south to the area of Xianghan, only to withdraw from the Central Plains. At this time, there is a shameless scholar, riding on horseback to catch up with Jin Woodruff buckled the horse and remonstrate: "Prince (Woodruff) do not go, the capital can be defended, Yue Shao Bao soldiers and retreat! ...... Since ancient times there is no powerful ministers within, and the generals can make a success in the outside", Jin Wuzhu this and the whole army back to Kaifeng, and with no effort, and the Central Plains land back.
Yue Fei returned to Lin'an, immediately caught in the net of Qin Hui, Zhang Jun and others. 1141 (Shaoxing eleven years), he was falsely accused of "conspiracy", was imprisoned in Lin'an Da Lisi (the original site of the present-day Hangzhou, near the bridge of the small car). The imperial inspector, Wan Hou* (音末期屑) personally interrogated and tortured Yue Fei to force him to confess. At the same time, between the Song and Jin governments, is stepping up the planning of the second peace conference, both sides regard the resistance faction as a thorn in the side, Jin Wuzhu even ferocious look wrote to Qin Hui: "must kill Yue Fei and then can be and." In the internal and external two evil forces under the attack, Yue Fei righteous, bright, loyal to the country. From him, Qin Hui gang could not find any "evidence of rebellion against the court, but Yue Fei is still in the Shaoxing eleven lunar new year's eve, by Zhao Jucheng "special gift of death", killed in Lin'an Da Lisi, at the age of thirty-nine. Yue Fei general Zhang Xian, son Yue Yun was also beheaded at the city gate. Yue Fei father and son and Zhang Xian died in the hands of the traitorous ruler, aroused the strong anger of the anti-jin army and the people, Han Shizhong face to face questioning Qin Hui, Qin Hui evasive, "the body of the matter is not necessary (maybe there)." Han Shizhong on the spot to refute: "Moshuyu 'three words, how to serve the world?" Yue Fei, a national hero, died of injustice under the charge of "unwarranted". Before his death, he wrote on the confession, "the sky is clear, the sky is clear" eight big words. This is the cry of grief!
Yue Fei was killed, but his performance is indelible. It is he, expressed the requirements of the oppressed nation, adhere to the noble national moral character, in the conditions of the situation of danger, insisted on the just struggle against the Jin Dynasty, and know the love of the people's resistance to the Jin Dynasty, united resistance to the Jin Dynasty military and civilian together, to preserve half of the Southern Song Dynasty, so that the people of South China from the ravages of the Jin Dynasty rulers, so as to preserve the highly developed feudal economy and culture of China, and to enable it to continue to develop forward. Yue Fei deserves to be an outstanding national hero in China's history.
After Yue Fei was killed, Lin'an righteous Kui Shun, negative body across the city, hastily buried in the nine curved series of shrines. In order to facilitate future identification, Kui Shun will Yue Fei wear the jade ring tied to the body under the waist, two orange trees planted in front of the grave. During the Qing Daoguang period (1821-1850), due to the restoration of Yue Fei's temple tomb under Qixia Ling, the first burial place of Yue Fei was traced, and the original Yue's grave was finally found next to the red paper dyeing workshop in the Biantan Lane under the Screw Mountain of Zong'an Bridge in Hangzhou, and the Zhongxian Temple was constructed here in 1876 (Guangxu II), which is popularly known as the Zhongxian Temple. In 1876 (Guangxu two years), here to build "Zhongxian Temple", Hang people popularly known as "Lao Yue Temple".
Twenty years after the death of Yue Fei, that is, in June 1162 (Shaoxing thirty-two years in May) Song Xiaozong Zhao * successor to the throne, ordered in July to give Yue Fei vindicated, "recovered official", and to 500 Guan of the high price of the purchase of Yue Fei's remains, "in order to rites to change the burial".