1, pre-Qin period
Bian Magpie is the most famous doctor in the Warring States period, because of his excellent medical skills, is considered to be a miracle doctor, so the people at that time borrowed the ancient myth of the Yellow Emperor, the miracle doctor "Bian Magpie" name to call him. Later generations regarded him as the "Emperor of Pulse Science," and he used the four diagnostic methods of looking, sniffing, questioning and cutting to diagnose illnesses from the pulse.
Bian Magpie laid the foundation for the pulse-cutting diagnostic method in Chinese medicine and opened the way for Chinese medicine. It is rumored that the famous Chinese medical text "The Book of Difficulties" was written by Bianjie. The Four Diagnostic Methods became the traditional diagnostic method of Chinese medicine and has been used by Chinese doctors for more than 2,000 years.
Writings: "Han Shu - Arts and Letters Zhi" contains "Bian Magpie Inner Classic" and "Bian Magpie Outer Classic", both of which are anonymous. The existing "difficult classic" is the later name of the work of the magpie.
2, the Western Han period
Warring States, the Western Han compilation of the "Huangdi Neijing" is China's earlier important medical literature. Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine is a comprehensive medical book, in the theory of Huang Lao Taoism established on the Chinese medicine of "yin and yang, five elements doctrine", "pulse doctrine", "hiding the elephant doctrine", "Meridian theory", "cause of disease", "disease mechanism", "disease",
The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine laid the foundation for the understanding of human physiology, pathology, diagnosis, and treatment, and is a highly influential medical work in China, known as the originator of medicine.
3, the Eastern Han Dynasty
The Eastern Han Dynasty's Shennong Ben Cao Jing is China's first complete work of pharmacology. Shennong Ben Cao Jing", also known as "Ben Cao Jing" or "Ben Jing", one of the four classic works of traditional Chinese medicine, as the earliest existing works of traditional Chinese medicine, about the origin of Shennong's, from generation to generation by word of mouth and ear, in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the collection of the book is not a moment, the author is not a person.
The Qin and Han dynasties, many medical doctors collected, summarized and collated the results of pharmacological experience at the time of the monograph, is the first systematic summary of Chinese traditional medicine. Most of the theories of traditional Chinese medicine and the rules of compounding, as well as the principle of "seven feelings and harmony", have played a great role in the practice of medicine for thousands of years, and are the source of the development of the theory of traditional Chinese medicine and pharmacology.
The Shennong Ben Cao Jing (Classic of the Divine Husbandman's Materia Medica) is divided into three volumes and contains 365 kinds of medicines, which are categorized into upper, middle, and lower classes by the classification method of the three classes, with concise and simple texts, and it has become the essence of the theory of traditional Chinese medicine.
Hua Tuo, a famous doctor at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, specialized in surgery and was known as the "Divine Physician", and invented Ma Bo San (麻沸散), which is more than 1,600 years older than the West. Hua Tuo pioneered the use of general anesthesia to perform surgical operations, and was honored as the "originator of surgery" by later generations. He was not only a master of prescription medicine, but also admired for his mastery of acupuncture and moxibustion.
Hua Tuo visited many doctors, collected some drugs with anesthetic effect, after many different formulas of concoctions, and finally the anesthetic drug was successfully tested, and he prepared the anesthetic drug and hot wine, so that the patient served, unconscious, and then cut open the abdominal cavity, cut out the ulcers, washed the rotting filth, with mulberry skin thread stitches, coated with the divine ointment, four or five days in addition to the pain, and recovered in a month. For this reason, Hua Tuo gave it a name - Ma Bo.
4, Sui and Tang Dynasties
Tang Dynasty's outstanding medical practitioner Sun Simiao's "Thousand Gold Formula", a comprehensive summary of successive generations and the results of medicine at that time, and many innovative ideas, in the history of China's medicine occupies an important position.
The Thousand Gold Formula, also known as "Preparing for the Emergency Thousand Gold Essentials" and "Thousand Gold Essentials", is one of the classic works of Chinese medicine in ancient times,*** 30 volumes, is a comprehensive clinical medical works, known as China's earliest clinical encyclopedia. It was written in about the third year of Yonghui (652). The book is a collection of pre-Tang Dynasty diagnosis and treatment experience of the great success, later generations of medical practitioners have great influence.
"Thousand gold to summarize the achievements of the Tang Dynasty before the medical, the book listed in the first chapter of the "Great Medical Sincerity", "great medical practice", is the basis of Chinese medicine ethics; its gynecology, pediatrics volume of the exposition, laying the foundation of the Song Dynasty gynecology, pediatrics, independent; the treatment of internal medicine to advocate for the "five viscera and six bowels for the outline, cold, heat, emptiness and solidity for the purpose of the", and pioneered the classification of the bowels of the first river prescription.
Which will fly corpses, ghosts and propulsion (similar to tuberculosis) into the lungs evidence, proposed cholera due to diet, as well as on the bones of gangrene (osteoarthritis tuberculosis) hair parts of the description of the relationship between thirst (diabetes mellitus) and carbuncle, are showing a fairly high level of understanding; acupuncture holes in the main point of the treatment of the exposition, for the treatment of acupuncture to provide a guideline, the choice of A is the acupoints, the" The choice of A-shi points and the promotion of "the same body inch" are quite helpful for the accuracy of acupuncture points. The Thousand Golden Essentials has also traveled abroad and has had an impact.
Tubo famous doctor Yuan Dan Gonbo compiled the "four medical dictionary", at home and abroad has an important influence.
The Tang Materia Medica, compiled during the reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, is the world's earliest pharmacopoeia issued by the state.
5. Ming and Qing Dynasties
Ming Dynasty Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica, which recorded more than 1,800 kinds of medicines and more than 10,000 formulas, comprehensively summed up Chinese medicine before the 16th century, and was regarded as the "Oriental Medicine Canon". Li Shizhen attached importance to fieldwork and experimental observation, and paid attention to the use of comparative methods, so his understanding of drugs and summarize the high scientific value.
Baidu Encyclopedia - History of Medical Development