Single-electron double-slit interference experiments
Before the observation of our apparatus, the result was multiple bands of light. This is a result of electrons having wave-particle duality and waves interfering with each other at the double slit. But for a single electron to interfere with each other, there must be waves emanating from both slits. So when the results of the experiment were produced, almost all scientists could not believe their eyes. It meant that a single electron appeared in both the left and right slits at the same time.
So they added an observing apparatus to figure this out, to see which slit the electron actually passed through. The experiment was successful and they managed to observe electrons passing through the left slit, the right slit, and the left slit ...... But something even more amazing happened. As soon as it was observed, the light bands became two, as if the electron was not volatile and became a classical particle like a bullet. The researchers still haven't found electrons in the left and right slits at the same time.
This experiment has been done countless times and gives the same result. There were only two bands of light when it was observed, and multiple bands of light when it was not.
Scientists began to think that the experimental device is not a problem, because the observation of the use of light, light on our macro-objects will not change what it is the state of motion, but like electrons such as microscopic particles, the light on the state of motion of its movement may also occur a big impact, because photons also have momentum.
So there is a single-atom double-slit interference experiment, for the atom, it is much larger than the mass of the electron, the light on the effect of a little on it is minimal. However, the results were the same as for single-electron double-slit interference.
Scientists are still not dead, because the effect is weak does not mean that there is no effect, which is like the butterfly effect, sometimes photons will become the last straw that breaks the camel's back. So the scientists want to make a device that does not affect the electrons and can observe them. And it turned out that some cowboys really came up with it. Because electrons in motion will also bring changes in the surrounding electric field, that is, you do not use light to shine it, it will also shine. So the observation instrument is upgraded, do not emit light, only receive light. Because the technology is getting higher and higher, the experiment has been successful. But it doesn't matter, the results are still the same 。。。。
Scientists then generally agreed with the idea that there is no fixed position of a microscopic particle before it is observed, and that it is a wisp. The moment it is observed it becomes a particle. Wave-particle duality is reconceptualized here.
The dominant explanation of this phenomenon in modern physics is the Copenhagen interpretation. This interpretation is relatively simple, that is to say that there are infinite possibilities for the state of motion and position of microscopic particles before they are observed, but our observation collapses this N number of possible events. Microscopic particles collapsed from wave states to particle states. (Spit: This is also an explanation, you did not say the results of the experiment over again.)
Then the second most supported is the many-worlds interpretation. It's the idea that our world is not actually unique, and that at the time of observation, you are assigned to one of them (e.g., an electron passing through the left slit), and an electron passing through the right slit is another parallel universe that is unrelated to you. This doctrine was successful because it predicted the results of Wheeler's delayed choice experiment, and the EPR feint. So it was also very popular. Why is it still beaten by the Copenhagen Interpretation and becomes a perennial favorite? Because physics is a doctrine based on experimental grounds. A doctrine like the Many Worlds Interpretation, which cannot be proved or disproved, makes no sense to many scientists. Unless hard evidence of the existence of many worlds can be produced, we just consider it a speculation. And the theory of the Many Worlds Interpretation assumes that parallel universes are parallel to each other and don't interfere with each other, so naturally it can't be proven 。。。。 So, the ten-thousand year old second seat is taken.