1. Electricity safety knowledge promotion ppt courseware
Electricity safety knowledge promotion ppt courseware 1. How to use electricity safely ppt
Safety voltage refers to the The voltage that can cause direct death or disability to people, the "safety extra-low voltage" that allows continuous contact under general environmental conditions is 36V. The industry stipulates that the safe voltage is not higher than 36V, the safe voltage for continuous contact is 24V, and the safe current is 10mA. The degree of harm to the human body from electric shock mainly depends on the size of the current passing through the human body and the length of time of electricity.
The greater the intensity of the current, the greater the fatal danger; the longer the duration, the greater the possibility of death. The minimum current value that can cause people to feel is called sensing current, AC is 1mA, DC is 5mA; the maximum current that a person can get rid of after being shocked is called escape current, AC is 10mA, DC is 50mA; in a short period of time Life-threatening current is called lethal current. For example, a current of 100mA passing through the human body for 1 second can be enough to kill a person, so the lethal current is 50mA. In the case where there is a protective device to prevent electric shock, the current allowed to pass through the human body can generally be considered as 30mA.
The duration of current passing through the human body is an important factor affecting the degree of electric shock injury. The longer the human body passes current, the resistance of the human body will decrease, the greater the current flowing, and the more serious the consequences. On the other hand, every time the human heart contracts and expands, there is an interval of about 0.1 seconds. This 0.1 second is the most sensitive to current. If the current passes through the heart at this moment, even a small current (a few tenths of a milliamp) will cause heart tremors; if the current does not pass through the heart at this moment, even if the current is large, it will not cause cardiac paralysis. It can be seen that if the current lasts for more than 0.1 seconds, it will inevitably coincide with the most sensitive gap of the heart and cause great danger.
The path of electric current passing through the heart will cause neurological disorders, cardiac arrest, and interruption of blood circulation, which is the most dangerous. The path of current flowing from the left hand to the right foot is the most dangerous.
2. Instructions for safe use of electricity in chemical plants PPT version
Instructions for safe use of electricity in chemical plants to prevent electric shock accidents 1 There are three main reasons for the occurrence of electric shock accidents in chemical plants: First, The organizational measures for electrical safety are not perfect; secondly, electrical safety protection facilities are imperfect; thirdly, electrical safety education is not implemented.
Therefore, in order to prevent the occurrence of electric shock accidents, these three aspects of work must be done well and cannot be neglected. 2. Improve the electrical safety organization. Electricians are a special type of work in chemical plants and are also one of the types prone to accidents. Therefore, electricians must have rich electrical safety knowledge.
Electricians must undergo formal study and training, pass the examination, and obtain an electrician work certificate before they can start working. The safety technology department and electrical department of chemical plants should be equipped with experienced electricians to serve as or concurrently as workshop safety officers.
The main responsibilities of the electrical safety officer are: Responsible for implementing various safety rules and regulations and implementing various safety technical measures, and responsible for contacting the safety technology department and the electrical department to solve major electrical safety issues. 3. Electrical inspection includes the following contents (1) Check whether the insulation of electrical lines and equipment is intact, and if necessary, measure whether the insulation resistance value is qualified; (2) Whether the protective grounding and protective zero connection of various electrical equipment are reliable, and whether the protective device Whether it meets the requirements; (3) Check whether the electric shock protector and operating voltage of various mobile electrical appliances (such as hand drills, low-voltage street lamps, mobile fans, etc.) are qualified and meet the requirements; (4) Newly installed electrical equipment, its installation Whether the location is reasonable and safe and reliable (5) Whether insulating gloves, insulating boots, insulating mats and other safety equipment are complete, and voltage resistance inspection should be carried out if necessary; (6) Whether electrical fire extinguishing equipment is complete and effective; (7) Check the safety equipment of each team Whether the implementation of the electrical safety system has been implemented 4. Improve electrical safety protection facilities. Electrical safety protection facilities include safety shielding and safety protection of electrical equipment, as well as electrical selection during design and installation, etc., and they should all meet the requirements of electrical safety technology. .
Therefore, if unsafe factors are found during professional electrical safety inspections, they should be rectified in time to eliminate hidden dangers. 5. Implement electricity safety education for employees. In addition to special training for electricians, all employees in the factory must receive electricity safety education regularly.
The purpose of electricity safety education is to enable all employees to understand the basic knowledge of electricity use and master the basic methods of safe electricity use. What's more important is to understand the importance of safe electricity use.
6. Electricity safety education for chemical workers, in addition to basic knowledge of electricity, safe operation of commonly used cooking gases in vehicles, and the seriousness of electric shock accidents, is also required to ensure the safety of electricity use. "Ten Don'ts": (1) No one is allowed to play with electrical equipment and switches; (2) Non-electricians are not allowed to disassemble, assemble, or repair electrical equipment and appliances. If you find damaged wires, switches, lamp holders, and sockets, you should contact an electrician promptly. Repair; (3) It is not allowed to connect electrical equipment without permission, and it is not allowed to plug the power cord of electrical appliances directly into the socket. (4) It is not allowed to use electrical equipment with damaged insulation; (5) It is not allowed to use electrical equipment and light bulbs for heating; (6) It is not allowed to flush electrical equipment with water, and do not use wet hands or metal objects to pull live electrical switches; ( 7) If the fuse is blown, you are not allowed to replace the fuse with inconsistent capacity; 8) You are not allowed to move electrical safety signs, fences and other safety facilities without authorization; (9) You are not allowed to use the electrical equipment of the machine under maintenance; (10) You are not allowed to operate the machine while the power is on Do not use stoves or blowtorches near wires or live equipment. Do not use them near heating equipment or steam pipes.
Do not use steel tapes or leather tapes for measurement work around live equipment. 7 Laws of electric shock accidents 1. Seasonality of electric shock accidents Generally, more electric shock accidents occur in summer than in other seasons.
According to statistics, among the electric shock accidents that occurred from June to September, low-voltage electric shock accidents accounted for about 80% of the annual low-voltage electric shock accidents; high-voltage electric shock accidents accounted for 40% of the annual high-voltage electric shock accidents. In terms of high and low voltage electric shock accidents, August is the highest month of the year.
The main reasons for seasonality are as follows. (1) The temperature is high in summer, the clothes worn by work personnel are thin, the exposed area of ??human skin is large, and the parts covered by clothes are moist due to sweating by the human body, or the air humidity makes the clothes damp, which will increase the chance of electric shock. , the consequences are also more serious.
(2) Due to poor night rest in summer, lack of concentration at work or operational errors may lead to electric shock. (3) Summer is also the season when the failure rate of electrical equipment is high. Often due to the influence of factors such as high temperature, humidity, heavy rain, lightning, hail, etc., the probability of equipment and circuit failure increases; therefore, the maintenance workload increases, and the chance of electric shock increases; (4) Most chemical plants require large parking times. Maintenance is usually carried out between June and October, so the chance of electric shock increases.
2. Low-voltage electric shock accidents are more common than high-voltage electric shock accidents (1) Since there are more opportunities to use and repair low-voltage equipment than high-voltage equipment, the chance of electric shock increases; (2) Personnel who use or operate low-voltage electrical equipment , most of them are non-electricians, and there are a large number of people, so the chance of electric shock increases; while most of the operators of high-voltage equipment are professional electricians, the number of people is small, and the accident rate is also low; (3) People who use low-voltage equipment often do not pay enough attention to safety protection work. Therefore, the chance of electric shock also increases. 3. Non-electricians electric shock accidents and redundant electricians (1) Most of the people who directly operate electrical equipment are non-electricians, and because of the large number of people, there are more chances of electric shock; (2) Non-electricians have relatively insufficient electrical knowledge and safety awareness, making the consequences of electric shock more serious. Become more serious.
3. The rate of electric shock failure when using hand-held power tools and mobile electrical equipment is more than that when using fixed electrical equipment (1) When hand-held power tools are used, they vibrate greatly, which can easily cause Damage to the insulation or structure may cause an electric shock accident. (2) The power cord of a hand-held power tool is easy to wear at the lead-out part. Once the core conductor is exposed or touches the metal shell, an electric shock accident may occur; (3) Many hand-held power tools The grounding (zero) protection of the metal shell of the power tool does not really work. If there is protective wiring at the plug, and there is no protective wire at the socket, or the protective wire itself is broken or detached from the terminal, it is easy to cause an electric shock accident; (4) The power supply is not cut off when the tool is stopped or the mobile electrical equipment is moved If the power cord is not cut off, the power cord may be pulled off or crushed, causing an electric shock accident; (5) These tools or equipment are often held tightly when in use, and it is difficult to get rid of them once they get an electric shock, and the consequences will be more serious.
3.18.3 "How to use electricity safely" courseware
1. You must apply for electricity, and you must find an electrician for installation and maintenance. No unauthorized connections are allowed.
2. Everyone is responsible for the safe use of electricity and consciously abide by the rules and regulations for safe electricity use. When using low-voltage electricity, fuses must be reasonably selected and copper, aluminum, and iron wires are strictly prohibited. The switch must control the live wire. Home electricity leakage protectors should be installed.
3. Do not build houses, pile firewood, plant trees under electric wires, or play movies or broadcast movies near electric wires and other equipment to prevent electric shock, injuries and fires.
4. When ships pass the river crossing, they should lower their masts as soon as possible. Motor vehicles driving or working in the fields should not touch electric poles and guy wires.
5. Do not quarry or fire artillery near electric wires, do not dig holes or take soil near electric poles, do not tie animals to electric poles, and do not damage the pull wires to prevent the poles from falling and breaking the wires.
6. Power lines, communication lines and broadcast lines should be clearly separated. If a wire is found to be connected to other lines, the power should be cut off immediately and an electrician should be found to deal with it.
7. Educate children not to touch (collide with) electrical equipment, not to climb electric poles, not to climb transformer stands, not to shake pull wires, not to fly kites or hunt birds near wires, and not to touch wires, porcelain bottles and transformers. Throw things on.
8. When the power line is broken, do not approach it. Send someone to guard it and find an electrician to repair it as soon as possible.
9. Temporary electrical equipment such as small water pumps and threshers are not allowed to be moved with electricity, nor are they allowed to be connected to electricity with hooks. It is not allowed to use broken strand wires, ground crawling wires, or waist wires.
10. Touch lamp holders, switches, sockets and other metal casings of household appliances with your hands. The metal casings of household appliances must be properly grounded.
11. Do not use unqualified lamp holders, lamp cords, switches, sockets and other electrical equipment.
12. When users find disconnection, flashover, smoke or other abnormal conditions in high- and low-voltage electrical equipment, they should report to the power department in a timely manner.
Pay attention to safety when using electricity in rural areas
1. Rural users should install leakage protectors.
2. When using household electricity, it is prohibited to pull temporary cords or use lamp holders with sockets.
3. If there is an abnormality in an electrical appliance, you must first turn off the power switch before repairing it. If an electrical appliance smokes, catches fire or explodes at the same time, do not cut off the power supply with bare hands, but seek help as soon as possible. Electrician handling.
4. The insulation condition of newly purchased electrical equipment and those that have been out of service for a long time should be checked before use.
5. If the casing, handle switch, or mechanical protection of electrical appliances is damaged or malfunctions, which impairs safety, it should be repaired in time. It must not be used without repair.
6. It is not allowed to hang clothes to dry on power lines. The horizontal distance between the clothes drying line (rope) and the power line should be kept at least 1.25 meters.
7. Communication lines, broadcast lines and power lines are not allowed to be erected on the same pole. Communication lines, broadcast lines, and power lines should be clearly separated when entering the home. If a power line is found to be overlapping with other lines, call an electrician immediately to deal with it.
8. When using a hand drill, you should pay attention to the following safety matters:
1) The power cord and shell grounding wire should be rubber-sheathed soft wires, and the shell should be reliably grounded.
2) The operator should wear insulating gloves or insulating shoes and stand on an insulating mat or a dry wooden board or wooden bench. Operators are prohibited from wearing gloves.
9. If you find a power line broken, do not get close. Stay 8 meters away from the landing point of the conductor, guard the scene, and call an electrician immediately.
10. After the leakage protector operates, the cause of the action should be found immediately. If there is no abnormality, you can try to send power once. After the test, it will trip again. The fault point must be found and dealt with before power can be sent. .
11. If there is an abnormality in the electrical appliance, such as the light does not light up, the TV has no shadow or no sound, etc., you must first turn off the power switch before repairing. If the electrical appliance emits smoke, In the event of a fire or explosion, do not cut off the power supply with bare hands, but call an electrician as soon as possible.
4. Electricity safety knowledge promotion wall chart with both pictures and text
Electricity safety knowledge promotion wall chart number: AN1991 Each set of 6 sheets Specification: 76X52cm You can select individual sheets
Real-time special science popularization and education products designed and developed based on important events in electricity safety work and based on the focus of safety production work.
The content is simple and easy to understand, with pictures and texts. It not only focuses on the popularization of electricity safety knowledge but also highlights the theme of this year's safety production propaganda. It is the first choice product for safety promotion and knowledge popularization.
Electricity safety knowledge posters, electricity safety knowledge posters, electricity safety knowledge bulletin boards, electricity safety knowledge posters, electricity safety wall charts, safe electricity use posters, electricity safety knowledge | electricity safety Wall chart | Electricity usage posters, pictures, safe production, education, safe use of electricity, ten don'ts, wall chart, small knowledge on safe use of electricity
5. Safety education lesson plan for safe use of electricity in kindergarten middle class
Chapter - 1. Courseware b. Net activity goals: 1. Let children have a preliminary understanding of electricity, and learn through experiments what is easy to conduct electricity and what is not.
2. Cultivate children’s independent thinking ability and interest in scientific exploration. 3. Educate young children to pay attention to the safe use of electricity in daily life.
Activity preparation: Dry batteries, 1.5V electric beads, long wood chips, copper wire, iron nails, plastic bags, cloth strips, paper strips, rubber tubes, plastic tubes, wool, classification boxes, etc., the quantity is the same as The number of children is equal. Young children already have knowledge about the positive and negative poles of batteries.
Activity process: 1. Present materials to arouse children's interest in hands-on operations. 2. Children use hands-on operations to explore the secrets.
(1) Explain the operation method. Children explore while operating, putting one end of each object on the negative terminal of the battery and the other end on the positive terminal of the battery on the small light bulb to see which ones can make the light bulb light up and which ones cannot.
Think about why and separate the results into category boxes. (2) Children are free to research and operate, and teachers provide guidance on tour.
(3) Ask children to discuss the results of operations with each other. (4) Ask each group to select a child representative to talk about their operation.
3. Educate young children on the safe use of electricity. The human body can conduct electricity. When plugging in a plug, your hands should not touch the metal sheet of the plug, nor reach into the socket, nor touch the power supply or wires casually.
6. Common sense for safe use of electricity
Common sense for safe use of electricity 1. Electrical circuits and electrical equipment must be well insulated, and live parts such as lamp holders, sockets, switches, etc. must not be exposed. To prevent electric shock.
2. Do not connect wires randomly to prevent electric shock or fire. 3. Do not move charged objects while standing on wet ground or wipe live household appliances with a damp rag to prevent electric shock.
4. The selection of fuses must be reasonable. Do not use copper wire, aluminum wire or iron wire instead to prevent fire. 5. The household appliances used, such as refrigerators, freezers, washing machines, etc., should be equipped with grounded sockets according to the product usage requirements.
6. When repairing or replacing the lamp holder, even if the switch is turned off, do not touch it directly with your hands to prevent electric shock. 7. If there is a fire in an electrical appliance, cut off the power first to rescue. Do not put it out directly with water to prevent electric shock.
8. If you find someone getting an electric shock, you should first try to disconnect the power supply (if you get an electric shock at a high place, you should also take measures to prevent the electric shock victim from falling and being injured) and then provide first aid. ~If you agree with my answer, please click the Accept as Satisfactory Answer button in time~~Mobile questioners can just click Satisfaction in the upper right corner of the client.
~Your adoption is the motivation for me to move forward~O (∩_∩) O, remember to praise and adopt, and help each other.
7. Ask for information on the "Electricity Safety Promotional Theme"
l. Understand the main power switch and learn to turn off the main power supply in an emergency.
2. Do not touch or test the inside of the power socket with your hands or conductive objects (such as wire, nails, pins and other metal products).
3. Do not touch electrical appliances with wet hands or wipe them with wet cloth.
4. Unplug the power plug after using the electrical appliance; do not pull the wire hard when plugging or unplugging the power plug to prevent damage to the insulation layer of the wire and cause electric shock; if the insulation of the wire peels off, replace it in time New wires or wrap them with insulating tape.
5. If you find someone getting an electric shock, you should try to turn off the power in time; or use dry wooden sticks and other objects to separate the electrocuted person from the live electrical appliances; do not use your hands to save the person directly; if younger students encounter In this case, you should call an adult for help and do not handle it yourself to prevent electric shock.
6. Do not disassemble or install power lines, sockets, plugs, etc. at will.
Even simple things such as installing light bulbs must be turned off first and done under the guidance of parents.
When it comes to electrical safety, switches and sockets are really important. Unplug and close the switch in time. The safety performance of the switch and socket is particularly important. When choosing switches and sockets at home, you must try not to buy from off-brand ones. There are too many fake ones on the market. Companies like Siemens, Foton Switch, Panasonic, etc. are all big brands and are relatively reliable. Especially the Futian point switches. My colleague bought a complete set of the D3 series last time and really thought it was very good. Futianjia now mainly promotes point switches with completely flat panels, which do not accumulate dust and have higher safety performance. Different from traditional rocker switches, point switches are a new generation of switches, endorsed by Li Bingbing.
8. Tomorrow I am going to teach "Safe Electricity Knowledge" to kindergarten children. Is there anyone who can provide me with it?
Scenario exercise: Suddenly a man appeared in a corner of Huang Kefang's house. There was smoke and a burning smell
Discuss with children how to use electricity safely
1. Look for signs of smoke (it turns out that Huang Kefang used an electric iron to iron clothes for fun. Forgot to turn off the power and burned the clothes)
2. Discuss with young children how to use electricity safely at home? Ask children to express their opinions. At this time, dexterous guiding language should be used to develop children's imagination and judgment of things
3. The teacher summarizes how to use electricity safely:
(1), Don’t play with electrical plugs. Ask everyone to help plug and unplug them when needed
(2) Don’t touch the power switch with wet hands
(3) Don’t press the electrical appliance casually before you learn how to operate it. Only adults can operate the knobs and various keys on household appliances and do not move them randomly
(4) Pay attention to saving electricity and turn off the lights when no one is around. Turn off the TV in time after watching it.
p>9. How to prevent fire and electricity safety education lesson plan
How to prevent fire and electricity
1 class hour
Educational goal: educate students how to How to save yourself in case of fire and how to prevent electricity. Education process:
1. Fire
Everyone knows that fire and water have no mercy. In the critical moment when a fire is raging, we must adhere to the principles of "three musts", "three rescues" and "three no's", so that we can turn danger into safety and survive in desperate situations.
1. "Three essentials"
(1) "Be familiar with the environment of your residence"
Pay more attention to observation and be familiar with the stairs of your residence , passages, gates, emergency evacuation exits, etc., and whether there are platforms, skylights, and temporary refuge floors (rooms).
(2) "You must" remain calm and calm when encountering trouble
In the face of a raging fire, only by staying calm and calm can you take quick and decisive measures to protect yourself and others. Some people were confused and took wrong actions, which resulted in delaying precious time to escape. For example, you only know how to push the door but not pull it hard; mistake the wall for the door and knock hard; or even blindly jump off the building regardless of the situation? Touch the door before opening the door. If the door is hot or hot, The smoke has penetrated through the cracks in the door, so you cannot open the door and prepare to take the second route. Even if the door is not hot, open it carefully only a little and quickly pass through it, then immediately close it again. Because oxygen will escape when the door is wide open, so even a fire that is about to die out will suddenly burst into flames.
(3) Be wary of smoke and poison
In a fire, the biggest "killer" is not the fire itself, but the large amount of toxic smoke produced during burning. Its main component is carbon monoxide, in addition to hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen chloride, sulfur dioxide, etc. Research by fire experts shows that when the carbon monoxide content in the air is 1%, a person will fall into coma after breathing several times, and death can occur in one or two minutes. Experts recommend covering your nose and mouth with a wet towel and evacuating the fire scene as quickly as possible. If the fire is too large and violent, the exit passage is blocked by thick smoke, and there is no other route to take, you can use a wet quilt as a cover and a "safety belt" close to the ground to crawl through the smoke-filled corridors and rooms. Never run with your body upright. Because hot and cold air are convective, toxic smoke floats in the upper part of the house space, while some fresh air comes in close to the ground for people to breathe. If you run while standing, you will most likely be unable to breathe and die of suffocation.
If your clothes are on fire, you should take them off or roll on the ground to put out the fire. If someone flees in panic with his clothes on fire, he should be pushed to the ground and rolled around until the fire goes out.
2. "Three rescues"
(1) Choose the escape route to "rescue" yourself
When a fire occurs, use the fact that the smoke is not thick or the fire has not burned yet Closed stairs, evacuation passages, and open stair escapes are the most ideal choices. If you can successfully reach below the fire floor, you are basically out of danger.
(2) "Self-rescue" by rappelling
What should you do if the aisle or staircase has been blocked by fire or toxic smoke? You should promptly use a rope (or tear curtains or bed sheets into thick strips to form a long strap), tie one end firmly to an object that can bear weight, such as a water pipe or heating pipe, and hang the other end from the window. to the ground or lower floor balconies, etc. Then he slid down the rope and escaped from the fire.
(3) Ask for "help" from the outside world
If you are blocked in the building by a fire and all escape routes are cut off, you must temporarily retreat to the room and close the door Doors and windows leading to the fire area. Staying in a room does not mean sitting passively. You can water the doors and windows to slow down the spread of the fire; at the same time, you can shout, wave, turn on the flashlight, throw objects, etc. through the windows to send out a distress signal and wait for rescue by firefighters. In short, don't do anything impulsive that is not conducive to escape.
3. "Three no's"
(1) "Don't" take the ordinary elevator
After the fire was discovered, people tried to prevent the fire from spreading along the electrical lines. Come, there will be a power outage. Sometimes, fires knock down power lines. If you take an ordinary elevator to escape, you will be in trouble if there is a power outage. You can neither go up nor get down, which is tantamount to trapping yourself in a "cage".
(2) "Don't" jump off a building easily
Jumping off a building to survive is extremely risky. If you fail, you will often end up dead or injured, so it should not be taken lightly. Even if you have no choice but to make this decision, you must pay attention to the method. First, you should throw quilts or mattresses downstairs so that your body does not directly collide with the hard cement or stone pavement when landing, reducing the possibility of injury; then grab the window edge with both hands, droop your body, and jump off with your feet. Reduce the gap with the ground.
(3) "Don't" be greedy for property
Fire strikes very quickly and can enter the violent stage in 10 minutes. Therefore, fire experts warn that in the event of a fire, you must evacuate quickly and do not waste time getting dressed or looking for valuables, because no treasure is more precious than life. Don't return to the fire for property after you have escaped from the fire. In the end, you will lose both your life and property and destroy yourself.
2. How to use electricity safely:
(1) Do not play with the plugs of electrical appliances. Ask everyone to help plug and unplug them when necessary.
(2) Do not touch the power switch with wet hands.
(3) Do not press the knobs and various keys on the electrical appliances casually before you learn how to operate them. Some appliances can only be operated by adults and cannot be manipulated casually.
(4) Pay attention to saving electricity, turn off the lights easily, do not turn on the lights when no one is around, and turn off the TV in time after watching it.