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Qianlong News Network 165438+ 10/9 reported that the world is beautiful and dangerous.
Earthquakes, plagues, floods, diseases ... are undoubtedly life traps set by nature for human beings. However, in modern society, more and more people are deprived of their right to life by their peers or even by themselves. This is even worse in developing countries.
According to an estimation report of the World Bank, by 20 10, there will be140,000 people dying of injuries in China every year, and this number will rise to 2.5 million by 2030. This report is about a dangerous future, and our sadness begins now.
Accident-the number one black boy with accidental casualties
Story is a beautiful word, but when these two words are reversed, it becomes a terrible word: accident.
According to official statistics, all kinds of safety accidents have become the "number one killer" of accidental casualties of employees in China. In recent years, enterprises, road traffic, water shipping, railway transportation, fires and other accidents in China have caused nearly 654.38+10,000 abnormal deaths every year.
According to the statistics of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, from 1996 to 1999, there were 388 accidents in industrial and mining enterprises with more than 10 people and 7356 people died.
According to another source, there are about 100 accidents in China every year, and accidents with more than 3 deaths occur every day.
Taking the coal industry as an example, there are about 70 serious accidents in China's coal mines with deaths 10 or more every year. 1996, China produced13.74 million tons of coal that year, 100 15 people died. The United States produces 960 million tons of standard coal every year, causing 38 deaths; Russia produced 260 million tons of coal and died 172 people; India produced 290 million tons of coal, 137 people died. While becoming a coal-producing country, China has also gained a reputation as a casualty country.
Since the beginning of this year, the capsizing accident in Hejiang, Sichuan Province has caused 130 deaths, and the plane crash in Wuhan, Hubei Province has claimed 47 lives. The 33 ghosts of the "3. 1 1" accident in Pingxiang, Jiangxi have not yet dispersed, and 38 people have been sent to Huang Quan Road in the "6.30" accident in Jiangmen, Guangdong.
It is shocking that one major and extraordinarily serious safety accident after another has caused heavy casualties. It has been noted that since the Yantai "1 1.24" shipwreck that killed or disappeared 280 people at the end of last year, major and extraordinarily serious safety accidents have occurred frequently in China, showing an obvious upward trend.
According to a person in charge of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, from June to June this year, there were 42 major accidents in industrial and mining enterprises with deaths 10 or more, with 699 deaths. 1999, there were a total of180,000 fires and more than 2,700 people died in China, up by 40% and 15% respectively over the previous year. In the first four months of this year, fire accidents alone killed 142 people and injured 105 people, up by 97% and 50% respectively over the same period last year.
The accident publicly disclosed by the official media must be only a small part of the national casualties. More murders are silence before death and silence after death.
Injury-the first cause of death for young people
In addition to common traffic accidents, injuries include poisoning, falling, medical errors, fire, drowning, suicide and homicide. According to the news released by authoritative departments, all kinds of injuries have increased year by year since this century. Every year, more than one million people die and tens of millions are injured due to injuries in the world, and injuries have become the first cause of death for young people.
According to experts from the Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, about 700,000 people die of various injuries every year in China, and no less than 20 million people need emergency treatment and hospitalization due to injuries. The causes of death were suicide, traffic accident, drowning, falling, poisoning, homicide, burns and iatrogenic injury.
Statistics show that 2 1 10,000 people die of suicide every year in China. About 42% of the world's annual suicide deaths occur in China, which accounts for one fifth of the world's population. In addition, China is the only country in the world where the number of female suicides exceeds that of men.
Experts pointed out that there are two peak ages for female suicide in China, one is 15 to 24 years old, and the other is over 60 years old. Among the suicides, workers, farmers, students and unemployed people are in the majority, and 3/4 of them have a lower education level than junior high school.
According to expert analysis, about 3/4 young people commit suicide because of frustration in love, marital conflicts and family disputes, and half of women commit suicide in premenstrual period. Elderly people commit suicide mainly because of chronic diseases, loneliness, abuse and so on. Some people suffer from emotional diseases such as depression and personality disorder, or psychological imbalance such as retirement, laid-off and failure in college entrance examination.
Experts say that in the past, the suicide rate of rural women was relatively high. In the past 65,438+00 years, the number of urban women aged 65,438+08 to 25 has increased rapidly, which is mostly caused by setbacks in marriage and work, poor psychological endurance and impulsiveness. Relevant departments have noticed this problem and established the Suicide and Crisis Intervention Society of Chinese Psychological Society in 1994.
Car accident is another big killer in China, and it has become the first killer in recent years. It is reported that the number of motor vehicles in China only accounts for 1.6% of the world, but the number of traffic accident deaths accounts for 14.3% of the world, with an average annual growth rate of 10%.
According to the survey, nearly 80,000 people die and millions are injured in China every year. Among them, 65438+ teenagers aged 05-59 and in their prime of life are the main ones. From 65438 to 0999, 84,000 people died in traffic accidents in China, with an average of 230 people dying every day, which is equivalent to the number of people who crashed into a passenger plane every day.
Bicycle is an important means of transportation in China. There are about 440 million bicycles in China, with an average of one bicycle for every 33 people, and 70% of traffic accidents are related to bicycles. Since 1994, the fatality rate of bicycle accidents accounts for 18.4% to 23.8% of the total traffic accident deaths, and the injured account for 14.2% to 18.3%.
This study also shows that injury has become the first cause of death of children aged 1 ~ 14 in China. The number of primary and secondary school students injured in China is about 42.5 million each year, the medical expenses are 3.26 billion yuan, and they are absent from school for 238 million days, which is equivalent to 800,000 students dropping out of school for one academic year. According to the research, the most common injury of children is falling, followed by sharp instrument injury, collision injury, traffic injury and burn. The common injuries are animal bite, bone throat, electric shock, accidental poisoning, drowning and explosion injury.
The death rate of drowning in China is 8.77%, of which 0- 14 years old accounts for 56.58%, which is the first cause of death in this age group, especially in rural areas. Drowning mostly occurs in swimming pools in developed countries, while in China and other developing countries, most people drown in rivers, lakes, ponds and wells.
Poisoning death is also very serious in China. Some unscrupulous businessmen sell expired and spoiled food, fake wine, fake medicine and spoiled lard, causing large-scale food poisoning, which is common in the media in recent years. In addition, pesticide poisoning is also a common cause of death in rural areas of China. In cold areas, indoor carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide poisoning is also heard from time to time in winter.
The major industrial accidents in China every year, especially the occupational injuries caused by township enterprises, are also very serious, and the losses of manpower, material resources and financial resources are quite amazing. According to a statistic in Guangdong Province, in recent 10 years, 82 people were diagnosed with occupational poisoning 1282 and died.
Corruption and dereliction of duty are "time bombs" that cause accidents.
Some major accidents have exposed administrative corruption buried in relevant departments or institutions. These accidents, in a sense, are the inevitable result of some departments and leaders ignoring the safety of people's lives and property.
Almost every major accident has serious dereliction of duty and dereliction of duty of some leading cadres. They went to bend the law before the accident and forgot the righteousness; Play dumb after the accident; Cheating and doing things rashly when solving accidents. Dozens of tragedies have occurred in various places since this year, exposing the administrative corruption buried by relevant departments. This kind of corruption, which is covered up by various phenomena, is an important reason for the occurrence of major accidents again and again, and it is also a "time bomb" that may cause accidents in the future.
Take the major shipwreck in Hejiang, Sichuan on June 22 this year as an example. The sunken passenger ship "Rong Jian" has a series of "tricks": fishing, eating, drinking and dancing, which are nothing to many people, but they have become the invisible fuse of this capsizing tragedy. Faced with the "petty corruption" carefully designed by ship owners with ulterior motives, some grass-roots law enforcement officers "crouched down" and let the "Rong Jian" drive as far as it wants, stop where it wants, and overload if it wants. Actually, Rong Jian was authorized to carry passengers 10 1 person, but there were 2 1 1 person on board at the time of the accident, which was a serious illegal operation.
According to the villagers in Fuyang Village, Rongshan Town, where more than 80 people were killed and missing in the accident, the ship was overloaded every time it went to the market, and the cabin and canopy were full of people. In a group in Fuyang Village, Luo Xilian, aged 15, cried for her father, uncle and other relatives who had died many times. She said angrily, "The boats here are generally unattended. Whether they can sail or not, as long as they have money, they can get sailing books. " Sailors don't miss any chance to make money. If there is another person on board, they will be forced to interfere. The overload is too fierce, and so is the fog. The pilot is responsible for this accident, and so is the person in charge. If we had dealt with it earlier, what happened today would not have happened. "
A leader of Hejiang County Committee believes that the problem of "Rongjian" exposes that the ship safety management in villages and towns is a mere formality and neglects prevention, which reflects the corrupt behavior of some government officials and law enforcement personnel who abuse power for personal gain and ignore the people's production of property. If this curse is not removed, it will be impossible to truly eliminate hidden security risks and truly implement national policies and requirements.
After the "June 30" accident, Guangdong Province conducted a safety inspection of the whole province. A foreign-funded lighter factory in eastern Guangdong was seized by the fire department, and there was no "safety production license". But every few days, local leaders will come out to plead with the fire department and the factory will continue to operate. Local cadres plausibly said: "This lighter factory can pay a considerable tax every year, which can scare away foreign businessmen!"
Regrettably, in the face of accidents that have caused great losses to people's lives and property, some leading cadres are good at "forgiving" themselves and are lucky. Some people think that the market economy and reform and opening up have brought many new situations, new problems and risks, and mistakes are inevitable. Some people think that there is still hard work without credit, not looking at the present, but also looking at the past. Some people even put forward that "the merits and demerits are offset." The Jiangxi Provincial Commission for Discipline Inspection and the Supervision Department respectively punished more than 30 relevant departments responsible for the "3 1 1" accident. A few local leading cadres think that such punishment is too heavy and will affect local economic development. After the accident in Jiangmen, Guangdong, a few leading cadres beat reporters in order to escape the supervision of public opinion. The main person in charge of an accident even said, "My mistake is that I should not be the legal representative of the fireworks factory."
Some officials describe the safety accidents caused by serious dereliction of duty as work mistakes, which makes it easy to roll with the punches. Before the "June 22" shipwreck accident in Hejiang County, Sichuan Province, local authorities and a few law enforcement officers "betrayed" various laws and regulations for personal gain. After the accident, there was a "war of words" between various departments, and all of them "quoted classics" to shirk their responsibilities. Individual departments also specially organize people to check the provisions of laws and regulations and extract the provisions exempting their own departments from responsibility. Looking at the whole country, some cases are concealed and not reported, and some cases are not established. Some accidents are lightly punished, with less actual sentences, more suspended sentences, less severe sentences and more light sentences. Some seriously dereliction of duty, either as officials, or write a review right.
After 12 major and extraordinarily serious accidents occurred continuously for more than half a month since June 22nd this year, the relevant departments of the State Economic and Trade Commission conducted an investigation and analysis of the causes of the accidents, and concluded that most of these accidents were caused by the illegal command and operation of the parties and the poor management and supervision of the higher authorities.
Behind all kinds of accidents, there is still indifference to science and people's lives and property. Economic construction must rely on science and require people to act in strict accordance with scientific laws. However, some departments and localities did not follow the scientific method to implement the process, which often caused great disasters due to "small negligence".
For traditional industries such as fireworks and firecrackers, even national famous production bases such as Pingxiang in Jiangxi and Liuyang in Hunan have not actively studied and improved production technology, and replaced backward technology with scientific methods to reduce the danger. Some factories and mines only pay attention to production efficiency, not to safety factor, and fight for equipment and manpower, which increases the difficulty of safe production. In recent years, accidents caused by disrepair and neglect of maintenance of production equipment in China are also common.
It is worth mentioning that villages and towns, private enterprises, "three to one supplement" enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households have poor awareness of safety production management, and some even do not have basic safety production conditions, which has become a safety accident-prone area. According to statistics, accidents in such enterprises account for more than 80% of the total number of accidents. Among them, township coal mine safety accidents are particularly prominent. In the first half of this year, the number of deaths in township coal mines was 196 1 person, accounting for 72% of the national coal mine deaths; Some owners often run away after accidents, which makes it very difficult to deal with the aftermath. In addition, migrant workers and migrant workers employed by such enterprises generally lack safety knowledge and self-protection awareness, and become the biggest victims of accidents, some of whom are often directly responsible for accidents.
In addition, poor safety facilities and irregular safety management in public places often lead to accidents. Since the beginning of this year, the number of serious accidents in shopping malls, restaurants, restaurants and other public places has increased significantly. According to statistics, there were 15 major fires in public places in the first half of the year, accounting for more than half of the total number of major fires. The most serious fire accident was the "3 29" amusement park video hall in Jiaozuo City, Henan Province, with 74 deaths. The main reason is that individual operators seriously violated laws and regulations, played illegal audio-visual products late at night, closed channels to avoid inspection, and failed to report to the police in time after the fire broke out; Relevant personnel engage in malpractices for personal gain, knowing that it is illegal to operate, and also issue business licenses. Other fires are also caused by substandard safety facilities and lax management.
In late July, the the State Council Working Group on Safety in Production found that some leading cadres and enterprise managers were unclear about safety in production, had a weak sense of responsibility, were indifferent when things went wrong, and shirked their responsibilities when things went wrong. Even after some shocking accidents in some places this year, some people are still lucky, and they don't pay enough attention to safety in production.
It was found that the legal representative of an oil depot of Jiangmen Petroleum Company didn't know the fire safety responsibility of the enterprise stipulated in "People's Republic of China (PRC) Fire Protection Law" in Jiangmen City, Guangdong Province, where the "June 30" fireworks factory was located. The safety water seal device of the unit does not meet the requirements, the foam liquid reserve is insufficient, and there are many fire safety hazards. Some township cadres still pursue economic benefits unilaterally, pleading for the closed and about to close lighter factories, demanding the resumption of production, and the tendency of demanding money rather than life is more prominent.
Some leading cadres have insufficient understanding of safety production and a weak sense of responsibility. After the "June 22" catastrophic capsizing accident in Hejiang County, individual leaders in Hejiang County were insensitive to the accident and did not immediately devote themselves to rescue, rehabilitation and social stability. Instead, they went sightseeing in the name of investigation.
During the inspection of an enterprise in Jingmen, Hubei Province, the inspection team found that employees wearing chemical fiber clothes and high heels can enter and leave the flammable production workshop at will, and a small spark may cause a fire accident. The inspection team immediately demanded rectification. A person in charge of this enterprise said, nothing. We have been doing this, but nothing has happened. Under the criticism of the inspection team, the person in charge said that he would take immediate measures to eliminate hidden dangers. As a result, the inspection team found that the situation remained the same the next day.
In the face of hidden dangers of accidents, it is also common for some enterprises to manage by penalty. In a firecracker factory in a certain place, there have been many incidents in which irrelevant personnel entered the workshop for fun and female employees entered the workshop in high heels. For this extremely dangerous phenomenon, the person in charge of the enterprise only asked for a fine of 5 yuan, but did not eradicate the hidden danger of accidents from management.
In addition to corruption and dereliction of duty, another important reason for frequent casualties is the low technical quality of workers' safety production and the lack of self-protection and mutual protection awareness of safety production. A large number of farmers poured into the labor force, lacking necessary training, which also caused a general decline in the technical skills of employees. Experts believe that safety in production is a comprehensive reflection of the production and operation management, equipment technology level and staff quality of a national enterprise. China is experiencing a painful period with high accidents, and we hope that this painful period will be shortened as much as possible.
Perhaps, people who perform their duties seriously, meticulously and strictly may cause some people to be puzzled and even reviled. However, we would rather listen to the scolding of some people who don't understand for a while than hear the cries of the victims' families when personal injuries occur.