In our country, the recovery of waste rechargeable batteries, must be manually sorted, pick out the nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries and lithium batteries, and then were loaded into sturdy plastic drums, sealed and placed in the rain, sun, fire, theft prevention of the specialized warehouses for safekeeping. It is estimated that the collected waste batteries need to be stored temporarily for a certain period of time before they can be processed. Disposable dry batteries need to reach a certain amount of resource reuse before there is profit to be made. The current treatment countermeasure is to the sanitary landfill site for centralized and harmless landfill, to be technologically mature, and then take out the recycling.
It is understood that, according to the service life of the battery and electronic equipment update rate estimates, Shenzhen each year the number of waste rechargeable batteries generated is quite alarming, reaching 50 ~ 100 tons / year. Waste battery pollution in the heavy rechargeable batteries, they contain lead can damage the blood circulation system, digestive system and nervous system, cadmium can cause kidney damage, bone softening and other serious diseases. Because of the potential heavy metal pollution and organic pollution, waste battery pollution in recent years has aroused widespread concern among the public, the media and environmental management departments, developed countries are very positive attitude towards waste battery recycling:
Japan: Nomura Nomura, Hokkaido, the company purchased from the country's waste batteries amounted to 13,000 tons per year, accounting for 20% of the country's discarded batteries, the collection of 93% of the way through the civil The collection method is 93% through private environmental organizations and 7% through manufacturers. In the past, the main recovery of mercury, but now Japan's domestic batteries do not contain mercury, the main recovery of battery shells and the "black" raw materials, and secondary product development and manufacturing, such as one of the products can be used for television tubes.
Germany: consumers will be required to use up dry cell batteries, button batteries and other types of batteries sent to the store or waste recycling station for recycling, the store and waste recycling station must unconditionally accept the used batteries, and forwarded to the manufacturer for recycling. Waste recycling stations and manufacturers generally only collect batteries containing cadmium, mercury and toxic chemicals, while 90% of ordinary zinc-carbon batteries and aluminum-magnesium batteries are disposed of in landfills or incinerated as household garbage.
Switzerland: There is a factory that treats old batteries by heat treatment, grinding them up and sending them to a furnace to be heated to extract the volatile mercury and zinc, which are precious metals. Iron and manganese are fused together to make a manganese-iron alloy for steelmaking. The plant can process 2,000 tons of waste batteries a year and obtain 780 tons of ferromanganese alloy, 400 tons of zinc alloy and 3 tons of mercury.
The United States: the most detailed legislation in the environmental management of waste batteries in a country, not only the establishment of a comprehensive waste battery recycling system, and the establishment of a number of waste battery treatment plants, and at the same time unremitting publicity and education to the public, so that the public consciously support and cooperate with the recycling of waste batteries.