At present, China's e-commerce business models can be roughly divided into five categories according to the transaction object: business-to-business e-commerce B2B, business-to-consumer e-commerce B2C, business-to-government management e-commerce B2G, consumer-to-government management e-commerce C2G, and consumer-to-consumer e-commerce C2C. although some Although some more innovative models such as B-B-C have already emerged, it will take a relatively long period of time for them to grow on a large scale. B2G and C2G are governmental e-commerce behaviors, which are not for profit, and mainly include government procurement, online customs declaration, tax declaration, etc. They will not have a big impact on the whole e-commerce industry. Therefore, the following discussion is about the e-commerce model of the three business behaviors of B2C, C2C, and B2B.
The B2C model is the earliest e-commerce model produced in China, marked by the official operation of the 8848 online shopping mall. B2C means that enterprises provide consumers with a new type of shopping environment through the Internet - the online store, and consumers shop online and pay online through the Internet. As this mode saves time and space for customers and enterprises, it greatly improves the efficiency of transactions, especially for busy office workers, this mode can save their valuable time. However, the characteristics of the goods sold online are also very obvious, only limited to some special commodities, such as books, audio-visual products, digital products, flowers, toys and so on. These commodities on the buyer's eyes, ears, touch, smell and other sensory experience requirements are low, like clothing, audio equipment, perfume need consumers to experience a specific sensory experience of the goods are not suitable for online sales, of course, does not exclude a small number of consumers to identify a certain brand of a certain model without the need for on-site experience on the decision to buy, but such a small number of consumers, especially in China's product quality management system is imperfect, people prefer to believe in their own experience to decide whether or not to buy. People are more willing to believe in their own experience to decide whether to buy. Therefore, so far, the successful enterprises in the B2C market, such as Dangdang and Joyo, are selling some special commodities. At present, the payment method of B2C e-commerce is a combination of cash on delivery and online payment, while the distribution of most enterprises choose logistics outsourcing to save operating costs. With the change of user consumption habits and the promotion of excellent enterprise demonstration effect, the rapid growth of online shopping users, accounting for 5.4% of the entire Internet users in 2004, China's B2C e-commerce market size reached 4.5 billion yuan by the end of 2004, this business model has basically matured in China.
The C2C model was created in 1998 with the establishment of eBay as a symbol, and now the C2C model is mainly used by eBay, Taobao, pat, etc. The C2C e-commerce model is a kind of personal-to-personal online transactions, and the current C2C e-commerce companies use the operating model is to build an auction platform for buyers and sellers, and charge a proportionate fee for the transaction, or to provide a platform to facilitate individuals to open a new online trading platform. Or provide a platform to facilitate individuals to open stores on it and charge in the way of membership. Although China's Internet users have exceeded 100 million, the market scale is huge, but due to some conditions of constraints, China's C2C e-commerce is still in the stage of financing and burning money to gather users, and has not formed a mature profit model. Retail e-commerce, the three basic elements are information flow, logistics and capital flow, C2C has been basically resolved, the real difficulty lies in the transaction credit and risk control. The Internet breaks through the geographical limitations, turning the world into a huge "stall", and the virtual nature of the Internet determines the C2C transaction risk is more difficult to control. At this time, the trading bazaar provider must be in a dominant position, must establish a set of reasonable trading mechanism, a set of favorable transactions online to achieve the mechanism. eBay in the United States can develop so fast, in addition to PayPal set of payment tools, and the United States society is inseparable from the perfect credit system. In the U.S. C2C transactions, PayPal plays the role of acquiring merchants, but also played the role of the bank, this dual role makes PayPal gathered a large number of funds from buyers and sellers, mastering the transactions of buyers and sellers and the credit situation. This year, China's e-commerce website launched the "Alipay", "Anpai Tong" and other payment tools as well as compensation system to a large extent to improve the purchase of the crisis of confidence, but the C2C market to completely break through these constraints still need a long time to cultivate the process.
Compared to B2C and C2C, B2B is the most profitable e-commerce business model in China, and the B2B model is mainly based on an Internet platform that aggregates a large number of enterprises and merchants to form a large ocean of information about buying and selling, with buyers and sellers choosing to transact with each other on the platform, and completing the transaction through online electronic payment. Business-to-business (B2B) e-commerce is the most noteworthy of the three modes of e-commerce, because it has the most potential for development. By the end of 2004, the number of Chinese enterprises that have conducted online B2B transactions has reached 1.35 million, and iResearch expects that by 2007 this number will reach nearly 2 million. From the enterprise e-commerce market size, in 2004 China's B2B e-commerce market size accounted for about 98% of China's entire e-commerce market size, the transaction volume reached 316 billion yuan, an increase of 128.2% over 2003. According to iResearch forecasts, in 2007 the Chinese mainland e-commerce market size will reach 1,700 billion yuan, of which the B2B market size will reach 1,690 billion yuan.
For B2B shows good prospects for development, China's telecommunications companies have begun to test the waters of e-commerce from this model. In April this year, China Telecom in Wuhan opened the first e-commerce site of the telecom enterprises - Huazhong business network. The advantage of telecom enterprises lies in the high credibility of the brand, a large number of users, but its lack of experience in the field of Internet operations, institutional curing is an important constraint on its development.