(1) macro-inspection: including visual inspection and gauge inspection, for direct discovery and inspection of the container inside and outside the surface of the more obvious defects.
①Intuitive inspection inspection methods: naked eye inspection, reflector or endoscope into the container for inspection, magnifying glass observation, touch the inner surface inspection by hand, hammering inspection with a hand hammer.
② Gauge inspection inspection methods: check the structural dimensions of the equipment with a wire or gauge; check the shape and size of the sample plate is in line with the design requirements; ultrasonic thickness gauge to measure the remaining wall thickness of the container; straightedge, vernier calipers to check the straightness of the equipment and so on.
(2) non-destructive testing inspection purposes:
① to ensure product quality;
② to ensure the safe use;
③ to improve the manufacturing process:
④ to reduce production costs. Inspection methods: including ray detection, ultrasonic testing, magnetic particle testing, penetration testing, eddy current testing, acoustic emission flaw detection method, magnetic memory testing.
(3) Thickness measurement: requires special physical methods, the most commonly used is ultrasonic.
(4) chemical composition analysis: there are atomic emission spectrometry and chemical analysis.
(5)Metallographic examination: divided into macro-metallographic and micro-metallographic, fracture surface inspection is a kind of macro-metallographic.
(6) hardness test: used to determine the strength level of the material or identify the material.
(7) fracture analysis: through the naked eye or the use of instruments to observe and analyze the fracture cross section of metal materials or metal components after damage, to explore the materials and components damage related to a variety of issues of a technology.
(8) pressure test, including hydraulic test (hydraulic test) and pneumatic test, is a verification of the integrated test. Mainly used to test the ability of the pressure vessel to withstand hydrostatic strength.
(9) airtightness test: inspection methods are as follows.
1) the part being checked coated (spray) brush soapy water, soapy water to check whether the bulge;
② check the test system and the container mounted on the pressure gauge, whether the indication is down;
3 in the test medium by adding a volume fraction of 1% ammonia, the surface of the part being examined with a 5% mercuric nitrate solution soaked in paper covered with tape, if there is not dense, ammonia will pass through and make the corresponding paper tape. If there is an impermeable place, ammonia will pass through and make the corresponding part of the paper tape to form a black trace.
(10) burst test: the design and manufacturing quality of the pressure vessel, as well as its safety and economy for a comprehensive assessment of a destructive verification test.
(11) mechanical properties test: the purpose is to detect the mechanical properties of the material and welded joints; test methods are tensile test, bending test, room temperature and low temperature impact test, flattening test.
(12) stress-strain test aims to measure the surface of the component loaded or internal points of the real stress state. The main test methods are resistance strain test method, photoelastic method, strain brittle coating method and dense grid cloud method.
(13) stress analysis: analyze the component under load stress components.
(14) fracture mechanics analysis: application of fracture theory, the residual strength of welded defective components and life analysis method.
(15)Risk assessment will be the possibility of equipment accidents and the severity of the accident caused by the comprehensive consideration, the equipment will be divided into different risk levels.