There are 9 main types of commonly used disinfectant products categorized by their ingredients: chlorine-containing disinfectants, peroxide disinfectants, aldehyde disinfectants, alcohol disinfectants, iodine-containing disinfectants, phenol disinfectants, ethylene oxide, bisguanidine disinfectants, and quaternary ammonium salt disinfectants. There are 3 types of disinfectants according to their disinfection effect: high-efficiency disinfectants, medium-efficiency disinfectants, and low-efficiency disinfectants. Chlorine-containing disinfectant: It is a disinfectant that dissolves in water to produce hypochlorous acid with microbicidal activity, and its microbicidal active ingredient is often expressed as effective chlorine. Hypochlorous acid has a small molecular weight, so it is easy to diffuse to the surface of bacteria and penetrate the cell membrane to enter the body of the bacteria, so that the bacterial protein oxidation leads to bacterial death. Chlorine-containing disinfectants can kill a variety of microorganisms, including bacterial propagules, viruses, fungi, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the most resistant bacterial germs. Such disinfectants include inorganic chlorine compounds (e.g., sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite, trisodium phosphate chloride), and organochlorine compounds (e.g., sodium dichloroisocyanurate, trichloroisocyanuric acid, ammonium chlorate T, etc.). Inorganic chlorine is unstable, susceptible to light, heat and moisture, the loss of its active ingredients, organic chlorine is relatively stable, but dissolved in water are not stable. Peroxide disinfectants: strong oxidizing ability, a variety of microorganisms are very sensitive to it, can kill all microorganisms. This type of disinfectant includes hydrogen peroxide, peroxyacetic acid, chlorine dioxide and ozone. Their advantage is that no residual toxicity remains on the items after disinfection. Aldehyde disinfectants: These include formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde. This type of disinfection principle for a lively alkylating agent in microbial proteins in the role of amino, carboxyl, hydroxyl and sulfhydryl, thereby destroying the protein molecules, so that microbial death. Formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde can kill a variety of microorganisms, because they have a stimulating and curing effect on human skin, mucous membranes, and can sensitize people, so they can not be used for air, eating utensils and other disinfection, generally only used in hospitals for the disinfection of medical equipment or sterilization, and disinfected or sterilized items must be sterilized with sterilized water to the residual disinfectant rinsed clean before use. Alcohol disinfectants: the most commonly used are ethanol and isopropanol, which can coagulate proteins, resulting in the death of microorganisms, belonging to the medium-effective disinfectants, which can kill bacterial propagation bodies and destroy most lipophilic viruses, such as the herpes simplex virus, hepatitis B virus, human immunodeficiency virus and so on. Alcohols kill microorganisms can also be affected by organic matter, and because of the volatile, should be used to soak disinfection or repeatedly wipe to ensure that its action time. Alcohols are often used as a solvent for some disinfectants, but also has a synergistic effect, the common concentration of 75%. According to foreign reports: 80% ethanol has a good inactivation of viruses. In recent years, there are many compound alcohol disinfectants at home and abroad, these products are mostly used for hand skin disinfection. Iodine-containing disinfectants: including tincture of iodine and povidone-iodine, can kill bacterial propagules, fungi and some viruses, can be used for skin, mucous membrane disinfection, hospitals are often used in surgical hand disinfection. Phenolic disinfectants: including phenol, cresol, halogenated phenol and phenol derivatives, commonly used coal phenol soap, also known as Lysol, its main component is methyl phenol. Halogenated phenol can enhance the bactericidal effect of phenol, for example, trichlorodiphenyl ether as an antiseptic has been widely used in clinical disinfection, antiseptic. Ethylene oxide: also known as ethylene oxide, is a highly effective disinfectant that kills all microorganisms. Due to its strong penetrating power, it is often used to disinfect or sterilize leather, plastics, medical equipment, medical supplies after packaging, and it has no damage to most of the items, and can be used for disinfection of precision instruments and valuables, especially for the color of paper has no effect, and is often used for the disinfection of books and text archive materials. In addition, there are bisguanidine and quaternary ammonium disinfectants, they belong to the cationic surfactants, bactericidal and decontamination effect, hospitals are generally used for cleaning and disinfection of non-critical items, but also can be used for hand disinfection, will be dissolved in ethanol can be enhanced to enhance the bactericidal effect of the skin as a disinfectant. Because these compounds can change the permeability of bacterial cell membranes, they are often compounded with other disinfectants to improve their bactericidal effect and sterilization rate