(Land and Resources Natural Geological Information Center)
On the basis of investigating the service mode, service content, service object and application scope of physical geological data, this paper analyzes the service status of physical geological data. In view of the problems faced by the current physical geological data service, such as "the management system is not smooth, the capital investment is not enough, the organization is not perfect, the talent team is not matched, and the service facilities are backward", the construction framework of the physical geological data service system is analyzed.
Keywords physical data; Service system; Building frame
I. Introduction
In order to fully implement the spirit of the State Council's decision on strengthening geological work, establish and improve the socialized service system of geological data information, improve the socialized service level of geological data, and carry out research on the construction of the service system of physical geological data.
The service system of physical geological data is a working system that provides standardized and systematic social services for physical geological data. Including the management organization, personnel, methods, regulations, technical standards and working systems, as well as service modes, channels, service systems, operation mechanisms and safeguard measures, as well as the operation management norms and service process quality evaluation of service organizations and customer service systems. The purpose of constructing the service system of physical geological data is to provide technical support and safeguard measures for the socialized service of physical geological data in China.
The research on the service system of physical geological data has just started, and the first problem is to find out what basic work needs to be done to realize the socialized service of physical geological data. Therefore, according to the service mode, service content and the needs of different clients of physical geological data, we conducted research and got a preliminary understanding of the service status and existing problems of the existing physical geological data storage units. Based on the service mode of physical geological data, this paper analyzes the requirements for the construction of physical geological data service system, and probes into the problems in the construction of physical geological data service system from eight aspects: service organization structure, service management standardization, service data standardization, service network system construction, service facilities construction, service equipment configuration, personnel and organization setting, and service product development.
Second, the service demand analysis
Based on the "Questionnaire on Physical Geological Data Management and Social Service Demand" issued by the author to the national geological data management departments and relevant geological prospecting units in the past, the following conclusions are drawn through statistical analysis:
1. Providing directory query service is the main service mode.
In terms of the service mode of physical geological data, most investigators think that three services should be provided, namely, catalogue inquiry service, inter-library information exchange service, physical observation, sampling and testing service.
First, provide directory query service. It is hoped that the physical geological data storage institutions and units at all levels in China will provide the physical geological data catalogue inquiry service as soon as possible.
Second, strengthen inter-library information exchange. At the time when the national physical geological data service network system has not been established, in order to facilitate users all over the country to inquire about physical geological data, physical geological data collection institutions should strengthen information exchange between libraries and units, so as to inquire about physical geological data locally and nearby.
Third, provide observation, sampling and testing services for physical data. As far as the current situation is concerned, most of the physical geological data management institutions, especially the basic geological exploration and storage units, lack the venues, facilities and equipment for physical observation and testing, as well as relevant management regulations. Therefore, it is difficult to carry out a wide range of physical data observation, sampling and detection services in the near future.
2. The main service content is the physical geological data produced by mineral resources evaluation and regional geological survey.
In the service content of physical geological data, most users need to obtain the physical geological data generated in mineral resources evaluation and regional geological survey. The main types of physical objects are cores, rock and mineral specimens, ore slices and rock slices. This is basically consistent with the current situation of physical geological data preservation in physical geological data collection institutions at all levels.
In addition, comprehensive analysis and research results of physical and geological data are needed. As far as the current physical geological data management is concerned, it is difficult to provide services in a short time due to the lack of research work in this field.
3. Different users need different types of physical geological data.
The client is mainly engaged in mineral resources exploration, evaluation and development, regional geological survey and groundwater survey of geological and mineral exploration enterprises and developers, scientific research units and government management departments.
Government management departments not only need statistical information on the production types and quantity, storage status and utilization of physical geological data, but also need information on the problems and difficulties existing in management and service, so that government management departments can make macro-prediction, formulate plans and policies, solve existing problems and improve management level through the analysis of the information of national physical geological data management and service.
Scientific research institutions need physical geological data of frontier and hot issues in geoscience (geodynamics, new metallogenic theory, environmental assessment, disaster early warning, scientific drilling and new energy).
Mineral resources development enterprises and developers need comprehensive research results of physical geological data that can reflect the scale, reserves and grade of energy and mineral resources and the exploration situation of mining areas, and determine the development objectives of mineral resources.
In order to improve the teaching level, colleges and universities need basic geological data that can reflect special geological phenomena, have teaching examples and popularize geoscience knowledge.
Geological and mineral exploration units need physical geological data produced by mineral resources evaluation and regional geological survey, including rock cores, rock and mineral specimens, ore slides, rock slices, etc. By analyzing and testing the existing physical and geological data, the exploration cost is reduced.
Third, the service system construction framework
In order to solve the problems faced by the management service of physical geological data, such as "the management system is not smooth, the capital investment is not enough, the organization is not perfect, the talent team is not matched, and the service facilities are backward", which can not meet the needs of national economic construction.
First of all, the physical geological data service system must be based on supporting laws and regulations. By rationalizing the management system, service management institutions can follow rules and standardize services, thus changing the status quo of no rules to follow, unclear responsibilities, different standards, backward infrastructure and lack of talents.
Second, through supervision and management according to law, establish a new mechanism in line with socialized operation, strengthen the access system of socialized services, and better perform services.
Third, use modern technology to improve the level of management services, reduce work links and procedures, and provide online directory services relying on network technology.
Fourth, integrate social resources, strengthen exchanges and cooperation and complement each other's advantages in various industries, and build a socialized service platform for physical geological data.
Composition of 1. system
The physical geological data provided to the society include the physical geological data submitted to the state after the completion of the public welfare and commercial geological work funded by the state. The public welfare socialized service of physical geological data refers to the non-profit-making service provided by the government to the society by collecting institutions at all levels.
The construction of physical geological data service system is a systematic project, which consists of a series of subsystems, including service organization, management system, technical standards, stored data, service products, service institutions, service system, personnel supporting services, facilities and equipment, etc.
2. Work function
At present, the physical geological data are mainly in the hands of geological prospecting units, projects and individuals in different industries. The storage environment is backward, and the management methods, systems and processes are not standardized and unified, making it difficult to provide services. The solution is to standardize and institutionalize the service and service management process of physical geological data by establishing the service system of physical geological data, so that the management institutions can follow the law, supervise according to law and have rules to follow.
The main contents of establishing the physical geological data service system are as follows:
1) Formulate and compile technical regulations, operating regulations, management measures and safeguard measures.
2) Study the methods of information collection, information processing, information storage, information transmission and quality control of physical geological data.
3) Study the service information database and management service system of physical geological data, and develop the service information network system of physical geological data.
4) Organize, archive and record the physical geological data, and establish the basic data source for the information service of the physical geological survey data.
5) Establish the organizational structure of the physical geological data management service system, including management institutions and service organizations, management rules and norms (unified provision of service software, unified standards and norms, unified management of service methods), service methods and service teams, service measures and safeguard measures, service network and * * * construction regulations, service facilities and service equipment.
6) Clarify the institutional setup and responsibilities of physical geological data collection, and improve the construction of national pavilions, provincial (district) pavilions, trade pavilions and unit library networks.
7) Study the geological structure, metallogenic regularity and characteristics of China, establish a physical geological data warehouse system, and select and collect important physical geological data.
3. Subsystem construction
In order to speed up the pace of physical geological data service, we should focus on the service mode of physical data query, sampling, observation and testing, carry out research work on service technology standardization, service data source, service system, service facilities construction, service equipment configuration, talent team and service organization, and complete the construction of physical geological data service support system.
(1) Service organization management
The service organization system includes the central and local service systems. The central level includes the functional management department of geological data of the central government, geological data storage units entrusted by the Ministry of Land and Resources, and relevant geological data production and service units.
The Ministry of Land and Resources is responsible for the collection and management of national geological data, including physical geological data, and for the supervision and management of protection, provision and utilization.
China Geological Survey is the competent unit of the National Geological Archives and the Physical Geological Data Center of Land and Resources, and is responsible for receiving, keeping and serving geological survey data, and accepting the guidance and supervision of the Ministry of Land and Resources.
China Geological Survey is subordinate to the National Geological Archives and the Land and Resources Physical Geological Data Center, and the geological survey archives in Tianjin, Shenyang, Nanjing, Yichang, Chengdu and Xi 'an undertake the reception, storage and service of national geological data and regional geological survey data. Entrusted by the Ministry of Land and Resources, geological data storage institutions such as oil and gas, nuclear industry and nonferrous metallurgy undertake the reception, storage and service of geological data in this industry. These units generally constitute the organizational system of central geological data storage and service.
The local service organization system includes the geological data functional management departments of the people's governments at the provincial (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) level, entrusted geological data storage units and related geological data production service units.
The release of geological data management system is divided into five levels: the State Council, Ministry of Land and Resources, China Geological Survey, other geological industry management agencies entrusted by Ministry of Land and Resources, Development Research Center of China Geological Survey and six regional centers affiliated to China Geological Survey.
(2) service management standardization
The main work is to compile technical specifications, operating procedures and rules and regulations related to physical geological data services.
Stock-out: Prepare temporary management methods for stock-out, as well as user information registration form, stock-out application approval form, sample stock-out form, data borrowing form, etc.
Sampling: Prepare the interim management measures for sampling, technical specifications for processing (cutting, drilling and grinding), operating rules for sampling equipment, interim measures for processing fees, registration form for processing equipment, processing notice, processing quality acceptance sheet, etc.
Observation: Prepare the registration form for the use of observation equipment (microscope), the interim measures for charging for the use of equipment, and the explanation form for observation records.
Testing: Determine the scale of laboratories equipped by different levels of collection institutions and the scope of testing and identification items, and formulate technical specifications for testing and identification, technical indicators for equipment configuration, operating procedures for testing and identification instruments, and provisions for residue treatment.
(3) service data standardization
In order to provide services for users on the Internet and electronic reading rooms and realize information exchange between libraries, it is necessary to carry out database file formats (data stream analysis, data dictionary, database structure design) related to physical directories and attribute information, study data collection and description standards, and build databases and database management systems (information processing, data storage, quality control methods, operating environment, etc.). ).
(4) Service network * * * Enjoy the platform.
Establish the operation system of data exchange, data update and data sharing service based on physical geological data service information and attribute information, including information network construction, database construction, data center construction, business management information system, comprehensive affairs management system and information service system construction (Table 1).
Table 1 Physical Geological Data Service Operation System Table
Information service system includes information website construction, as well as information publishing and inquiry system, office automation, policies and regulations, law enforcement supervision, letters and visits, personnel education, party building, finance, archives, foreign affairs, exchange information management and other comprehensive affairs information systems. Business management information system includes national natural geological database network, institutional information management, data information and service information management, service management business statistical analysis, and electronic reading room. The database includes physical geological data service information and attribute information storage. The data center includes data storage and exchange systems of national, provincial (district) industries and geological prospecting units. The software platform includes operating system, various service platforms and basic database management platform. Hardware and information networks include hardware facilities such as servers; Local area network, wide area network, etc. The information service system is based on the physical geological data database and related information, with the internal and external networks as the main media, and information publishing, information inquiry, multimedia demonstration and other information services as the content, and provides information services to the interior and society through information websites, touch screens, electronic large screens, etc.
Establish information service systems such as information release, information query and decision support on the physical geological data service portal.
The whole service system is connected with the Ministry of Land and Resources, China Geological Survey, provinces (autonomous regions) and industrial geological data service departments, and the provincial (autonomous regions) and industrial service departments are connected with the physical geological data storage departments of grassroots geological prospecting units, forming an advanced, complete, safe, high-speed and large-capacity physical geological data information exchange and service network system, providing rich, real-time and fast information services for management departments and society.
National, provincial (regional) and industry-level collection agencies set up their own local area network websites and service information websites respectively. As a member of the superior local area network, the physical storage unit at the lower level does not establish a separate website on the Internet, and the data information of physical geological data is submitted to the superior network management center as required, which is uniformly published by the superior website, thus reducing the maintenance workload and operating cost.
(5) Construction of service facilities
In order to ensure the effective preservation and utilization of physical geological data in the next 10 ~ 20 years, it is necessary to build physical geological data service facilities, including physical storage warehouses (metal shelves, core boxes), sorting areas, test areas (workstations, equipment racks), laboratories, etc.
Warehouse capacity: according to the core storage length, the national library is 40× 104 ~ 50× 104m, the provincial (regional) and industrial library capacity is 5× 104 ~ 20× 104m, and the basic unit capacity is 0.5×/kloc.
Layout area: National Library 1500m2, provincial (district) and industrial libraries 1000m2, and grass-roots units of 300m2. It is used to establish a working area for temporary storage of physical data, data sorting, sampling and core scanning.
Area of observation and testing area: 200m2 in National Library, 200m2 in provincial (district) and industrial libraries, and 80m2 in grass-roots units, which are used for physical observation and testing work area.
Experimental test area: 3000m2 in National Library and 2000m2 in provincial (regional) and industrial libraries, which are used to establish sample experimental test work areas.
Service area: National Library 1500m2, provincial (regional) and industry libraries 1000m2. It is used to establish information inquiry, reading, scanning, photographing, copying, electronic reading, reception, meeting, lounge, network control room, data processing center, wiring room, etc.
The construction of service facilities needs to invest a lot of manpower and material resources. If some provinces (municipalities directly under the Central Government and autonomous regions) have some problems, such as relatively few physical geological data, serious shortage of management personnel, and really difficult capital investment, we can consider establishing a large-scale physical geological data collection institution jointly by several neighboring provinces (municipalities directly under the Central Government and autonomous regions) to solve them.
(6) Configuration of service equipment
Service equipment includes warehouse management equipment, sampling equipment, digital equipment, office equipment, website equipment, appraisal and testing equipment, etc.
Management equipment includes electronic cargo picker, stacker, truck loader, hydraulic pallet truck, temperature and humidity control equipment, monitoring and early warning equipment, etc.
Sampling equipment includes cutting machine, drill string machine, grinder, crusher, slicer, etc.
Digital equipment includes digitizer, scanner, core image scanner and plotter.
Office equipment includes computers, electronic touch integrated machines, printers, copiers, fax machines, color laser printers, card barcode printers, etc.
Website equipment includes servers, switches, routers, UPS power supplies, cabinets, firewalls, etc. , as well as the system operating environment and security protection software system.
Identification and testing equipment includes: ①X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, which can undertake qualitative and quantitative analysis of various substances, including solid, powder and liquid. The range of analysis elements is wide, including 86 elements from 6C, 8O and 9f-92u * *, covering almost all common elements. ②Niolet 7 10 infrared spectrometer infers the functional groups and structural characteristics of organic compounds according to the position and shape of absorption peaks in the spectrum, and determines the structure of organic compounds; (3) Electron probe, which can undertake mineral composition analysis, inorganic element analysis, image analysis (micro-morphology of micro-objects) and element distribution state, and the element analysis range is 5b-92u; ④X-ray diffractometer, which can carry out qualitative phase analysis, quantitative phase analysis, accurate determination of crystal brittleness parameters, crystallinity analysis, determination of fine grain size and lattice distortion; ⑤ NMR spectrometer can study the structure of organic compounds and infer the molecular structure and three-dimensional configuration of substances; ⑥ GC-MS instrument can be used for chromatographic separation, mass spectrometry identification, determination of molecular weight and molecular formula, and inference of material structure; ⑦XJG-05 metallographic microscope can undertake metallographic microstructure analysis of ferrous materials; ⑧ Other small conventional test and analysis equipment.
(7) Personnel and institutional setup
The construction of service institutions and talent teams is the fundamental guarantee for socialized service of physical geological data. The internal institutions and personnel of the national, provincial (district) and industrial geological data service institutions are as follows:
1) internal organization, including: warehouse management room, responsible for warehouse maintenance and management, handling warehouse warehousing business; Sample processing room, responsible for sample processing, maintenance and operation of warehouse equipment; Data management room, responsible for data borrowing and management, electronic reading room; Information service center, responsible for website, service system and database maintenance; Comprehensive research room, responsible for sorting, cataloging, research and information exchange; Laboratory, responsible for sample testing and identification, equipment maintenance.
2) Staffing: 2 persons for service management and warehouse maintenance; 4. Sample processing and equipment maintenance personnel; 4 people for sorting, cataloging and comprehensive research; 2. Information management, borrowing and electronic reading room personnel; 3 service system, website and database maintenance personnel; 30 test appraisers; There are 45 people in all.
(8) Service product development
Guide to collection institutions: compile the introduction of the library, national collection institutions, information for users, borrowing procedures, opening time, transportation location, etc.
Physical storage information: information on the selection, collection, storage and custody of important physical and geological data (cores, specimens, samples, optical films, slices, etc.). ).
Relevant information: compile the catalogue, abstract, management document, test appraisal report, summary statistical report, achievement analysis report, and establish the database.
Technical documents: collect, sort out and formulate policies and regulations, technical standards, operating procedures, management systems and interim measures related to the management and utilization of physical geological data.
4. Service system members
1) The service system of the National Pavilion only includes the physical geological data center of land and resources.
2) Service system of China Geological Survey, including Land and Resources Physical Geological Data Center, Tianjin Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Chengdu Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Yichang Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Xi Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources and Shenyang Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources.
3) The national geological industry will jointly establish a service system, including the Ministry of Land and Resources, metallurgy, gold, nuclear industry, building materials, nonferrous metals, oil and gas, universities and Chinese Academy of Sciences.
5. The principle of service system construction
The State Council's Decision on Strengthening Geological Work clearly points out: "China Geological Survey uniformly deploys, organizes and implements basic and public welfare geological surveys and strategic mineral exploration under the responsibility of the central government, and strengthens related technology, quality, achievement management and socialized services."
The construction of physical geological data service system will be guided by the policy of "unified leadership, unified planning, unified standards and facing the society" of China Geological Survey, and the physical geological data center of land and resources will complete the demand analysis of physical geological data service through investigation and field investigation, and put forward the directional and policy suggestions for the construction of physical geological data service system in view of the problems and difficulties existing in the physical geological data service. China Geological Survey and relevant units shall formulate a plan for the construction of the service system of physical geological data, and gradually establish a set of standardized and systematic service procedures and management measures for the whole service process according to the annual, phased and departmental requirements to meet the needs of socialized service of physical geological data throughout the country.
Fourth, the primary task of service system construction
In order to carry out the socialized service of physical geological data in an all-round way, the primary task at this stage is to carry out the general survey and cleaning of the types, quantities and preservation conditions of physical geological data nationwide according to geological industries (geology and mineral resources, metallurgy, nonferrous metals, building materials, chemical industry, gold, petroleum, coal, mines, ocean, Chinese Academy of Sciences and universities), and to compile data summary tables, library network schematic diagrams and physical data inquiry catalogues.
Through the preparation of this census, it will help to understand the present situation and existing problems of the management service of physical geological data, and promote the reform of the management service system and mode of physical geological data (kept by geological prospecting units).
On the basis of learning from the management service modes of developed countries (Canada and Australia), we will establish national and provincial physical geological archives similar to archives management, implement a unified standard, centralized management and social-oriented physical geological data management service mode, establish a physical geological data service system under the new situation, improve the management service level, and make important physical geological data serve the national economic construction.