1 World Chinese medicine fever on Chinese medicine health rehabilitation cause of great influence
From 1986, China to restore the status of GATT and accession to the World Trade Organization has made unremitting efforts. 1999, China and the United States signed the "China and the United States of America on China's accession to the World Trade Organization Bilateral Agreement", so that China's accession to the WTO in the process of the most critical step forward.
Chinese medicine health rehabilitation industry is China's monopoly industry, in the world's traditional medicine field at the leading level. As the field of traditional Chinese medicine in the service, the strongest market-oriented technology system, has become the most sought-after projects. This phenomenon will lead to a variety of results. This is discussed in the following.
(1) Favorable to the theory of Chinese health rehabilitation to the world. At present, Chinese medicine has been more and more by the World Health Organization and national experts. The World Health Organization evaluates "Chinese medicine is the example of the world's traditional medicine", and solemnly recommended to the countries. Many experts predict that the 21st century will be the century of Chinese medicine. Especially after joining the WTO, it will further promote the process of modernization of Chinese medicine in China, and further expand the international influence of Chinese health care technology. The holistic and systematic cognitive approach of Chinese medicine, the diagnostic and treatment system combining disease identification and evidence identification, the diagnostic and treatment principles of overall and functional regulation, and the unique, simple and effective means and techniques make Chinese medicine health care science have its own characteristics and advantages. As an important part of modern medical care, Chinese medicine has gradually been recognized and praised by people all over the world. At present, there are more and more international students and trainees studying health care and rehabilitation techniques in China. Traditional Chinese medicine colleges and universities in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Nanjing and Tianjin have become the main bases for training foreign students and trainees. Over the past 20 years, China's TCM colleges and universities have received more than 20,000 international students and trainees from more than 100 countries and regions. The World Health Organization (WHO) has established 7 traditional medicine cooperation centers and 3 acupuncture training centers in China, which have trained more than 2,000 Chinese medicine professionals and technicians from various countries and regions. The number of Chinese people engaged in TCM health care and rehabilitation in various countries in the world is also increasing, and it can be said that wherever there are Chinese people, there are TCM clinics and Chinese medicine stores. With the arrival of the 21st century "mind-body medicine" era, sub-health state and mental, mental illness will account for more than 70% of the international community "back to nature" trend continues to strengthen, the countries of natural medicine, food research is becoming increasingly active for the development of Chinese medicine health rehabilitation. The development of Chinese medicine and health rehabilitation has created conditions conducive to improving the international status of Chinese medicine and health rehabilitation, so that it can better go to the world.
(2) It is conducive to the realization of the comparative advantages of Chinese medicine health care technology and health care products to expand exports. According to the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine from 1983 to 1994 organized by the National Chinese Medicine Resources Census, China has a wealth of raw materials for traditional Chinese medicine, medicinal plants, animals and minerals **** 12,807 kinds of medicinal herbs. China also has many unique production techniques and secret recipes for health products, which enjoy intellectual property rights. Chinese medicine health care technology and health care products not only health care regimen, but also can treat a variety of chronic diseases, difficult diseases, sub-health state has an incomparable regulatory effect. Compared with the toxic side effects of Western medicine, Chinese medicine has obvious advantages. For many years, Chinese medicine is the fist product of China's pharmaceutical exports, Chinese medicine industry is known as the sunrise industry will never decline. At present, Chinese medicine has been widely used in Southeast Asia, Japan, Korea and other countries, Europe and the United States, some countries are gradually improving the restrictions on Chinese medicine. There are 124 countries and regions in the world have established various types of Chinese medicine organizations. The U.S. government has formulated the Botanical Drugs in the U.S. Listing Approval Act, which accepts compound preparations of botanicals as therapeutic drugs. At present, all kinds of restrictions on Chinese medicine in foreign countries have been relaxed to varying degrees, which is conducive to Chinese medicine to the world. Originally a drug to knock on the door of the FDA, to adhere to the two extraordinary: where the chemical structure of the formula is not written not approved; where the modern pharmacological effects do not speak do not come to knock on the door. Chinese medicine to enter the United States as a drug door was put to death. In recent years, the FDA for Chinese medicine to re-understand, write the structure of the formula does not matter, modern pharmacology does not speak clearly does not matter, as long as the clinical evidence is safe, practice has proved to be effective, which is fine, this is called quality control. Look at the clinical efficacy of the end to "safe, effective, controllable". In recent years, the European Union botanical market is developing faster than chemical drugs, the United Kingdom since 1987 botanical sales rose by 70%, France rose by 35%. The U.S. market is also higher than 20% annual growth rate, Japan's Chinese preparations from the 1990s, an annual increase of more than 15%. After joining the WTO, China can follow the most-favored-nation treatment, national treatment, fair trade, the abolition of tariff protection and import quantitative restrictions, simplify the import procedures and other principles, as well as exceptions for developing countries, "pay-as-you-go" contractual model and other internationally accepted market rules, so that the Chinese traditional medicine for a level playing field for exports, and expand exports. Expansion of exports. Chinese medicine to the world in a sense, is out of the Eastern cultural circle. Jianzhen went to Japan, Zheng He went to the West, are not out of the Eastern cultural circle.
(3) is conducive to accelerate the structural adjustment of the Chinese medicine industry. At present, the process of trade liberalization in the world is accelerating, to 2005, China's pharmaceutical industry tariffs have been reduced to 5.5% to 6.5%. Trade liberalization and investment liberalization are conducive to the expansion and restructuring of international capital. Under the pressure of strong international capital expansion, in order to improve the international living space and strengthen the international competitiveness, the Chinese medicine industry is bound to carry out structural adjustment, so that the flow of resources to the advantageous enterprises and products, so as to avoid the low level of repetitive construction and blind investment impulse.
(4) is conducive to promoting the technical progress of Chinese medicine health rehabilitation. Chinese health rehabilitation theory and technology to better to the world, to participate in international competition, we must use modern science and technology, with information technology, bioengineering technology, genomics, modern physics and systems science and other armed, transformation of the traditional theoretical system and technical means. First of all, we must overcome the cultural differences between the East and the West and habits of thinking and living habits, and the current situation of openness also provides us with more convenience.
Now, many areas, including Jiangsu, have initially achieved a moderately affluent society, is moving towards a modernized society, the people's demand for a long and healthy life is being aligned with the modernized society, thus changing the pattern of the second medicine-oriented. Every measure of the state to promote the development of medicine is having a positive impact on the cause of Chinese medicine health rehabilitation.
But, from another point of view, China's health rehabilitation is also facing a lot of difficulties and blind spots.
First, the Chinese medicine characteristics of the health rehabilitation discipline can not form a scale. Although China's Chinese medicine is the source of the world, has been in a leading position, but the Chinese medicine health rehabilitation discipline has not really formed. Health technology can not enter the formal medical procedures, rehabilitation department basically follow the technology and equipment of Western medicine, diagnosis and treatment means, technical level and economic benefits are generally low. In addition, disorderly competition, vicious competition and illegal competition are seriously destroying the health care and rehabilitation academics with Chinese medicine characteristics. The reform of the medical system and the establishment of the new medical institution classification and management system have intensified the competition in the domestic market for medical services. This situation is currently on the verge of intensification.
Additionally, there is a serious lack of attention to talents, such as health rehabilitation professionals, media talents, research talents, industrial talents, legal talents, and so on.
Secondly, the intellectual property rights of health rehabilitation technology and drugs are under threat. For a long time, China's intellectual property research and attention to the problem of insufficient, resulting in the loss of many outstanding Chinese medicine knowledge and wealth. And the developed countries earlier practiced a variety of patents, on the one hand, in the name of cooperation in the development of intellectual property rights in China, on the other hand, intellectual property rights as a weapon, attempting to monopolize some of the wealth of knowledge acquired, such as the British Botanical Pharmaceuticals, Inc. applied for a "combination of medicines for the treatment of dermatological disorders," the patent is a typical example.
Third, the international pharmaceutical industry is increasingly fierce competition. At present, there are more than ten countries and regions of nearly 40 varieties of natural medicine registered in China, the annual import of "foreign Chinese medicine" in 1999 amounted to 10,117,000 U.S. dollars. Forced China's national medicine industry must face the situation of international competition. Due to the modernization of Chinese medicine, internationalization level is low, restricting the entry of Chinese medicine products into the international market. China as the birthplace of Chinese medicine, in 1996 in the global market of Chinese herbal medicine annual sales of 16 billion U.S. dollars accounted for only 3%, exports of 589 million U.S. dollars. 2005 rose to 830 million U.S. dollars in 2006 rose to 1 billion U.S. dollars. However, with the growth of global trade, it still does not exceed 5%. On the contrary, Japan's traditional Chinese medicine preparations from China, most of the raw materials from China, but because of the emphasis on technology research and development, its products in the international market has accounted for more than 80% of the share, which is undoubtedly China's traditional Chinese medicine industry puts forward a serious challenge.
Fourth, the cultural background of the East and the West and the differences in the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine have affected the dissemination of academic health rehabilitation. Chinese health rehabilitation theory inherited the characteristics of China's traditional culture, and Western health care theory in the way of thinking, research methods and other aspects are very different. Based on the ancient Chinese terminology of Chinese medicine, it is a very difficult and complicated work to make the western countries understand the connotation of Chinese medicine theory system, and then understand, accept and use Chinese medicine health rehabilitation technology. At present, the easier popularization of acupuncture and qigong, which are more practical, in the western world is an obvious example.
Fifth, the technical content of traditional Chinese medicine health products is too low. The equipment and technology of China's traditional Chinese medicine industry are quite backward. Chinese medicine consists of three parts: Chinese herbal medicines, Chinese medicine tablets and proprietary Chinese medicines. The quality of traditional Chinese medicine is worrying; in 1999, when our country carried out sampling inspection of medicines, the failure rate of traditional Chinese medicine amounted to 24.1%, which is five times as much as that of general western medicines. There are 1,059 Chinese medicine industrial enterprises, of which there are only 39 large-scale enterprises of proprietary Chinese medicines, less than 4% of the total number of Chinese medicine industrial enterprises. Chinese medicine industry is small-scale, single-species output value is not high, poor efficiency, low market share. China's traditional Chinese medicine enterprises, the extraction of active ingredients in Chinese medicine is poor, most of them still use "water decoction, water alcohol method or alcohol-water method" and other traditional extraction methods, long process routes, high energy consumption. Some even follow thousands of years of old methods, through the decoction, concentration, drying, with the extract yield to measure the quality of extraction, not according to the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine to choose the design of the process, the active ingredient extraction rate is low, impurities, invalid ingredients, resulting in the appearance of traditional Chinese medicine, "coarse, big, black", the production process "dirty, chaotic, fee The production process is "dirty, messy and costly", and the quality standard is difficult to be standardized. The production of traditional Chinese medicine is far away from the Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) of the International Health Organization. Although the production of pCms has developed more than 40 new dosage forms such as capsules, injections, aerosols and drop pills, but due to the relative lag in the evaluation of efficacy and safety, production process, quality standards, preparation technology, clinical research and other aspects of the development of China's traditional Chinese medicine has not really entered the international pharmaceutical mainstream market.
Sixth, the developed countries are ready to go. Japan in the early 7th century, that is, the Sui dynasty introduced the theory of Chinese medicine, after a long period of application and research to form a "Chinese medicine". In the international health care market, "Chinese medicine", South Korea's "traditional Chinese medicine" occupies the market amount is much more than China. 20 century 80's, Japan's "Chinese medicine" continues to enter the Chinese market; Europe and the United States developed countries are also entering the Chinese market; the developed countries in Europe and the United States. Chinese market; Europe and the United States developed countries have also increased research efforts on natural medicine. For example, the British researchers through the current most widely sold herbal medicine ginkgo, ginseng research found that after taking can improve human reaction ability, improve memory and attention. Recently, the U.S. government has formulated the Botanical Drug Development Program for the next ten years. Developed countries on the study of natural medicine, the development of Chinese medicine in China poses a certain threat.
2 Countermeasures for the development of Chinese medicine
After the founding of New China, our leaders have always attached importance to the development of Chinese medicine. China will be "both Chinese and Western medicine" as one of the basic policies of health work, but still has not reached the expected goal, the country should take effective measures to promote the development of Chinese medicine more quickly.
First, accelerate the pace of legislation on Chinese medicine, and effectively protect the intellectual property rights of Chinese medicine. Market economy is an economy of law, the WTO itself is a series of negotiated terms of the organic unity. Chinese medicine is our country enjoys independent intellectual property rights of the monopoly industry, is the valuable spiritual wealth of the Chinese nation. The state should formulate Chinese medicine laws and regulations, and effectively protect the intellectual property rights of Chinese medicine prescriptions, recipes, secret recipes and other intellectual property rights.
Secondly, the modernization of Chinese medicine should be actively promoted. Vice Premier Wu Yi emphasized at the 2007 National Conference on Traditional Chinese Medicine: "We must correctly understand and deal with the relationship between inheritance and innovation. Must fully follow the characteristics of Chinese medicine itself and the law of development, neither can exclude the modern science and technology and methods, nor give up the scientific connotation and academic nature of Chinese medicine". Modernization of Chinese medicine is a major proposition in relation to the development of Chinese medicine. Modernization of Chinese medicine is to make the whole Chinese medicine produce new changes and sublimation from theory to practice and become a scientific system with modern scientific level to meet the needs of the modern society under the premise of grasping its own main features and advantages and accompanying the progress of modern science and technology. Modernization of Chinese medicine requires the establishment of a modernized scientific theory system of Chinese medicine, a system of scientific methods, a system of technical engineering of Chinese medicine, a system of education and disciplines of Chinese medicine, a system of evaluation and supervision of the technology of Chinese medicine and a system of management of Chinese medicine, so as to realize the modernization of diagnosis and treatment technology of Chinese medicine. Modernization of traditional Chinese medicine refers to the process of combining the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine with modern science and technology, and conducting research and development, production and management in accordance with internationally recognized standards to meet the needs of contemporary social development. Modernization of traditional Chinese medicine should include the development of Chinese herbal resources, cultivation of green plants, modernization of warehousing and maintenance, modernization of Chinese medicine preparation technology, modernization of pCms production (such as mechanization of processing technology, automation, extraction, concentration and drying of new technology, the development of new dosage forms of traditional Chinese medicine), modernization of quality control of traditional Chinese medicine, and the establishment of a modern market economy, such as the operating mechanism and the management mechanism.
Third, the implementation of brand-name strategy. The government should give the necessary protection and support for the development of the Chinese medicine industry. The state should be through the reform, transformation, reorganization and strengthening of internal management, fostering a number of influential, powerful enterprises, large enterprises and enterprise groups, the production of high market share, high technological content, high value-added, efficacy of Chinese medicine products, to occupy the heights of the market for Chinese medicine.
Fourth, the creation of high-tech development of Chinese medicine park. High-tech development park has the development, agglomeration and radiation function, is the industry's incubator. Through the cultivation of Chinese medicine species, breeding, bio-engineering technology applications, quality standards and other research, the production of safe, effective, controllable, stable, efficient, fast-acting, long-lasting, small dose, low toxicity, side effects, production, storage, transportation, carrying and taking are convenient modern Chinese medicine, to better meet the needs of the world's people.
Fifth, to strengthen the international exchanges and cooperation of Chinese medicine. Chinese medicine should be out of the country, and the world to strengthen exchanges and cooperation in Chinese medicine information, basic research in Chinese medicine, clinical research, research and development of new Chinese medicines, scientific research methods, scientific research and management, and so on, to strengthen cooperation. We will organize academic and non-academic education of Chinese medicine in foreign countries, hire experts from relevant foreign institutions to give lectures in China, and promote the construction of key disciplines in Chinese medicine colleges and universities and the development of export-oriented education. Strengthen international medical cooperation, establish TCM medical centers or TCM hospitals with other countries, carry out TCM treatment for difficult diseases, explore new treatment methods and drugs, and use TCM to treat cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, tumor, AIDS, hepatitis, diabetes, bone and joint diseases, skin diseases and so on. We develop new varieties of safe, efficient and stable Chinese medicines with foreign research institutes, universities and pharmaceutical companies.
Sixth, the cultivation of high-quality Chinese medicine personnel. Adapt to the needs of the development of the world economy, cultivate the ideological quality, business excellence, understanding of the dynamics of international pharmaceutical development, familiar with international business practices, with a high level of English and computer skills of composite talents.