This is a question that many people are concerned about, so let's discuss it.
Humans are not too far from Earth.Because so far, humans haven't traveled too far in space, going as far as the moon, which is more than 380,000 kilometers from Earth. There were six successful Apollo missions to the moon, with 12 men on the moon, and the longest mission was the last one, Apollo 17, which was launched at 5:33 a.m. UT on Dec. 7, 1972, and returned to land on Dec. 19, with a total effective mission time of 12 days, 13 hours, 51 minutes and 59 seconds.
This is the furthest mankind has gone so far, the longest time, the rest of the longest time is in near-Earth orbit. Construction of the ISS began in 1994, assembly in space began in 1998, the first three astronauts boarded the ISS in 2000 and assembly was completed in 2006.
To date, 239 astronauts from 29 countries have worked on top of the station, with the longest single working life on the station going to U.S. astronaut Scott? Kelly, who set a record of 340 days in 2015. And the longest cumulative time spent living in the sky is Russian cosmonaut Gennady? Padalka, who accumulated 879 days in the sky during his 17-year space career.
All of the above are records for male astronauts in the sky, the female record was set by American astronaut Christina? Koch who set it by spending 289 consecutive days on the space station in 2019. These astronauts are staying in near-Earth orbit, which is only about 400 kilometers from the surface of the earth, and it's possible that if there's really any major injury or illness, it's possible to send a spacecraft to pick them up as soon as possible to resuscitate them.
So the problem of getting sick in space is not prominent at the moment.From the point of view of the state of mankind so far flying in the sky, due to go not far away from leaving time is not long, the problem of illness is not very prominent. This is because, almost all of the sky is astronauts, before going to heaven, these astronauts have to go through a full range of high-specification physical examination, this kind of examination than the general eating masses of the physical examination of course much stricter, and therefore to keep the body great, to be able to go to heaven.
After going to heaven, these astronauts work and live in a very small space, eat and play is not rich, working and living conditions are also more difficult, but at least one thing, is that the environment cleanliness requirements are very high. Although it is not sterile, but the small space of air oxygenation, temperature, humidity control is very good, to ensure that the astronauts need oxygen every day, and the deployment of food to fully ensure the nutritional needs of astronauts, but also need to be physically adsorbed, chemical absorption and other methods to exclude the cabin air pollution, etc..
The probability of the astronauts falling ill will be relatively low, therefore, the current stage of space activities is mainly to prevent the astronauts from falling ill, astronauts are really sick need to rescue the problem is not very prominent, and so far has not been encountered.
In fact, the main dangers for astronauts in the sky come from weightlessness and radiation.In space, since the Earth's gravity is already small, there is weightlessness. The so-called weightlessness is the absence of weight, the scientific explanation is that the object loses the effect of gravity field, the object will not be affected by any external gravity field except its own gravity. In the four center state, people will float in the air, and there is no difference between up and down, left and right.
This looks like fun, but it has a big impact on the body over time. Weightlessness will lead to the loss of calcium in the bones, muscle atrophy, blood flow backward, stay in space for a long time, back to the Earth station can not stand, so the astronauts have to be lifted to the chair to sit down, after a certain period of time to adapt to and recuperate to be able to gradually recover, in space for a long time will also lead to permanent damage.
And radiation is the direct damage to the body. Space is much more radioactive than the ground, depending on whether you're in near-Earth orbit or flying out into deep space. For example, at the space station, flying at only about 400 kilometers above sea level, the astronauts are still under geomagnetic protection, and most of the high-energy radiation from the sun is blocked by the geomagnetism, but there are still magnetic loopholes that will allow radiation to reach the space station.
So astronauts working on a space station are exposed to 4,285 times more radiation than people living on Earth. Even if they don't get out of the capsule, under the protection of the space station's outer shell, 1 day's exposure is equivalent to 1 year's exposure for people on the surface, which is 365 times higher than that of us foodies.
If you fly out of the Earth's magnetic field, this radiation is even greater. For example, during the moon landings of the last century, astronauts were exposed to radiation equivalent to 2.6 times that of the International Space Station. Cosmic high-energy rays are capable of interrupting DNA inside the human body and can be quickly fatal in high doses, and a certain amount can give people radiation sicknesses, such as immune loss and cancer.
Since human exploration of space has not gone far so far, and the time is not yet long, the astronauts in the sky and try to control the time and take protective measures, so far no astronauts have suffered significant significant damage. But if the future flight to Mars and other more far-reaching deep space, astronauts in space or the outer planets to stay longer, this is a big problem, can only rely on the strengthening of the protective function of the suit or the construction of protective housing to solve.
Astronauts also suffer from minor ailments and illnesses, and the space program has plans to deal with them.The astronauts' physical examination is very strict, and they are well protected in the sky, so the probability of serious illness is very small. Despite this, small disasters and illnesses can not be avoided, and these are planned in any manned space program, and once they occur, they can be dealt with in a timely manner.
These treatments are:
During a manned flight program, experts analyze and determine the diseases that astronauts are likely to develop, which include diseases related to the spaceflight environment, clinical diseases they may develop, and emergencies, etc., and then equip the spacecraft or station with a wide range of medications and simple instruments covering the full spectrum of illnesses, based on these diseases.
As China's Shenzhou VI and Shenzhou VII on the sky with cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, urological and other types of drugs, covering pain, stomach medicine, antidepressant, anti-dizziness, anti-inflammatory and other categories of dozens of medicines and simple first aid bandaging equipment, even in the astronauts ride less than one hour in the return capsule, is also equipped with first aid kits and daily use of the kit, in case of emergencies.
All of the astronauts' physical indicators will always be monitored in the ground command center, with a special space doctor to manage them, and will be the first to know if there is any abnormality. At this point will establish communication between heaven and earth, the doctor through to the astronauts to understand the conscious symptoms, and then combined with the monitoring of the various physical indicators, combined with video observation, to make a clear diagnosis, prescribe medication uploaded to the spacecraft or the space station, to guide the astronauts to the patient's disposal or medication.
In case of difficult cases, the remote medical support system will also be activated, and experts from ground support hospitals will be organized to conduct network consultations to obtain the best treatment plan.
In short, now the distance between heaven and earth is not far away from the state of the astronauts' physical security can get the ground at all costs to protect. So far the astronauts participating in the mission have not appeared in the sky sudden serious illness, the space station has not occurred astronauts due to critical illness need to be picked up for treatment events.
The future of deep space long-duration cosmic voyage astronauts how to medical protection.I believe that in many science fiction film and television, we have seen a lot of deep space voyage spacecraft and astronauts living and working conditions, in these spaceships are equipped with a strong medical support system, including doctors and state-of-the-art facilities. Among them there is a kind of magical medical pod, suffered a serious injury or serious illness, as long as the injured or sick people lie into this medical pod, after a series of scans and treatment, will be able to restore health.
Of course, this is just science fiction, but with the improvement of human medical level, the medical service facilities equipped in the interstellar voyage in the future must be the best. I'm sure that manned spacecraft traveling to Mars in the foreseeable future will be equipped with doctor astronauts and the best and most sophisticated medical equipment and medicines to ensure that the astronauts will be able to recover from their injuries and illnesses.
But the cosmic voyage is full of uncertainty and risk, only people with the spirit of dedication have the courage to sail in the deep space journey, will certainly encounter a variety of diseases and injuries, it is impossible to fully equipped with the rescue equipment and medicines, and really encountered such a situation, called the sky should not be called the ground does not work, can only be adapted to the local conditions, relying on their own wisdom and courage to solve the problem. This is not a unique situation, but it may become the norm. Let's wish the astronauts who are exploring deep space for the future of mankind the best of luck and good health.
That's it, welcome the discussion and thanks for reading.
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