Mode 1 is the teaching CD broadcasting point: equipped with 34-inch color TV sets, DVD players and sets of teaching CDs. Students are taught and counseled through the playback of teaching CD-ROMs. Equipped with the object is mainly rural school layout adjustment really need to retain the teaching point, the average investment estimate of 3,000 yuan per point.
Model two is the satellite teaching viewing point: equipped with a satellite receiving system, computer, television, DVD player and teaching CD-ROMs required for grades 1-6. Through the China Education Satellite Broadband Transmission Network, it receives a large number of high-quality educational resources quickly and has the function of teaching CD-ROM playback point at the same time. The targets are township central elementary school and village primary schools. Each point investment estimate of 16,000 yuan.
Model three is a computer classroom: equipped with satellite reception system, network computer classroom, multimedia classroom, teaching CD-ROM playback equipment. Its characteristics are in addition to all the functions of mode two, but also able to provide students with network conditions of the learning environment. The target group is rural junior high schools. The average budget estimate is 150,000 yuan per point.
In accordance with the three models to complete the basic configuration on the basis of the localities can be combined with the actual determination of the corresponding configuration standards. Rural education in the comprehensive construction of a moderately prosperous society has a fundamental, pioneering and overall important role. The focus and difficulty of education in China is in the countryside, especially in rural primary and secondary schools in the central and western regions, where 162 million students are enrolled, accounting for 81% of all primary and secondary school students. There is a huge gap between these areas, especially the rural areas of the central and western regions, and the developed regions in terms of teaching conditions, educational resources, the level of teachers and the quality of teaching. The best way to solve this problem is to implement modern distance education projects, promote the *** enjoyment of high-quality educational resources in urban and rural areas, improve the quality and effectiveness of education in rural areas, strengthen teacher training, actively introduce external high-quality educational resources, improve the quality of teaching and learning, narrow the educational gap between the east and west, and achieve balanced development of basic education. At the same time, it provides farmers with economic and market information and helps them learn scientific planting, breeding and other techniques to further promote local socio-economic development.
The project plans to spend about five years to equip about 110,000 rural elementary school teaching points with teaching CD-ROM broadcasting equipment and complete sets of teaching CD-ROMs, to provide quality education and teaching resources to about 5.1 million primary schoolchildren in mountain villages in these teaching points, and to solve the problems of low teachers' qualifications and teaching quality; and to make the 384,000 primary schoolchildren in rural areas nationwide initially set up satellite teaching and viewing points, and to meet the needs of 81,420,000 primary schoolchildren for quality teaching and learning in the rural areas. 81.42 million primary school students' demand for quality education and teaching resources, and at the same time, the satellite teaching and viewing points will also become the main support for modern distance education for party members and cadres in rural areas nationwide, as determined by the central government; to enable 37,500 rural junior high schools nationwide to have computer classrooms, so that the 31.09 million rural junior high school students can gradually enjoy quality education and teaching resources in the same way as the 34.95 million urban junior high school students and receive information technology education, in order to promote information technology education for the whole society, and to promote the development of the education system for the whole society. receive information technology education, laying a good foundation for advancing the informatization of the whole society. Modern distance education pilot demonstration project, the central investment of 364 million yuan, in the western 12 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the central government) and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in rural areas of 29,229 elementary school, 2,350 junior high schools, has been equipped with 57,140 sets of teaching CD-ROM playback equipment, 5,016 satellite teaching viewing points, 410 computer classrooms.
Rural primary and secondary modern distance education project pilot work, the state invested 1 billion yuan, the local supporting 910 million yuan, in the western region of 12 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the central government), central 6 provinces, Shandong Province and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Pilot *** built 20977 teaching CD-ROM playback points, 48605 satellite teaching reception points, 7094 computer classrooms. Covering about 25% of rural primary and secondary schools in the western provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) and about 21% of rural primary and secondary schools in the six central provinces. It covered 9.25 million primary and secondary school students in the western pilot provinces, with a student coverage rate of 27%; and 6.44 million primary and secondary school students in the central pilot provinces, with a student coverage rate of 21%. The pilot area also covers the nine pilot districts (cities and states) of modern distance education for rural party members and cadres as determined by the central government. 1, the leadership attaches importance to sound institutions
The Ministry of Education, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance set up a rural primary and secondary schools modern distance education project inter-ministerial coordination group to study and formulate the pilot planning and implementation of the program, the pilot work for the unified deployment, organization and implementation, supervision and inspection, as well as coordination of the pilot work of the major issues, to effectively ensure the macro-guidance of the project.
In accordance with the requirements of the three national ministries and commissions that "the pilot work should be organized and implemented mainly by the provincial people's governments", the governments of the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) have really taken the pilot work as a major event in the promotion of rural education and its economic and social development, and have put it on their important agenda. Pilot work is the responsibility of provincial governments, which, in accordance with the overall plan, project implementation management methods and relevant standards and norms, and taking into account the actual situation in each area, formulate pilot work plans and programmes for their own regions, and are responsible for the organization of the pilot work and the construction of the project. Provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) have respectively set up a leading group for the pilot work of modern distance education project for rural primary and secondary schools headed by the competent government leaders, and have integrated their strengths to form a pilot work office, responsible for the construction planning of the project, program demonstration, bidding work, application and management of the equipment, research on the integration of resource building and education and teaching, and inspection and acceptance of the work. Governments at the prefecture (city, state) and county levels have also set up leading groups and working organizations headed by government officials in charge, specifically responsible for the implementation of the project. During the pilot work, the pilot leading groups at all levels sent a large number of inspection teams, coordination groups, guidance groups and expert working groups to work on the front line, effectively ensuring the smooth progress of the pilot work. Each project school has also set up a working leading group headed by the principal. Responsibilities at all levels are clear, and coordination up and down is smooth. To do the work of the organization is sound, personnel in place, clear responsibilities, clear objectives, the implementation of the task, for the smooth implementation of the pilot project to provide organizational leadership and personnel to ensure the smooth implementation of the project.
2, the management system is perfect, effective measures
The Ministry of Education, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance for the important aspects of the project, the development of a series of implementation of rural primary and secondary modern distance education project pilot documents to guide the implementation of the project to standardize the pilot work. The main documents include: Modern Distance Education Project Pilot Program for Rural Primary and Secondary Schools (Education Base [2003] No. 22); Audit Opinions on the Pilot Program for Rural Primary and Secondary Schools Modern Distance Education Project (Letter of the Education Base Office [2004] No. 30); Terminal Receiving Site Technical Program for the Pilot Project of Modern Distance Education for Rural Primary and Secondary Schools (Education Base Office [2004] No. 5); Modern Distance Education Project for Primary and Secondary Schools Rural Administrative Measures for Bidding and Procurement of Equipment for the Pilot Work of Modern Distance Education Project for Rural and Primary and Secondary Schools (EDUCATION BASIS DEPARTMENT [2004] No. 8); Notice on Publicizing the List of Qualified Suppliers for Bidding and Procurement of Equipment for the Pilot Work of Modern Distance Education Project for Rural and Primary and Secondary Schools (EDUCATION BASIS DEPARTMENT [2004] No. 37); Measures for the Administration of the Pilot Work of Acceptance of the Rural and Primary and Secondary Schools Modern Distance Education Project (EDUCATION BASIS DEPARTMENT [ 2004] No. 14); and 2004] No. 14); and rural primary and secondary schools modern distance education pilot work inter-ministerial coordination group office approved by the pilot provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government), Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps pilot work implementation program.
All over the world, corresponding pilot work implementation programs and management methods have been formulated according to the requirements of the three ministries and commissions. So that the pilot work of bidding, equipment reception and installation, operation and maintenance, teacher training, resource construction, teaching and application of the implementation of the process has been guaranteed.
3, project funds account management, supporting the implementation of funds
Pilot work to take the funds required by the local responsible for the state according to the economic and social development of different regions to be appropriately subsidized approach. The western region of the central government to invest in the total amount of funds 2 / 3, local input 1 / 3; central region of the central government to invest in the total amount of funds 1 / 3, local input 2 / 3; Shandong Province, the pilot work of the funds required by the local government is responsible for the financing of the central government of the region in difficulty to give appropriate subsidies. The establishment of pilot work at the provincial level, all the funds for the project into the account management.
Pilot areas using a variety of ways to implement supporting funds, work strategies and specific measures have their own characteristics, of which the provincial financial responsibility for the main supporting funds. Most of the pilot areas adopted a provincial, municipal and county three-level matching approach; such as Guizhou Province, according to the ratio of 5:2:3 implementation of the provincial, municipal and county matching funds. A small number of pilot areas in accordance with the provincial and local, provincial and county, or local and county secondary support, such as Anhui Province, the local supporting funds by the provincial and county levels, the provincial financial responsibility for 80%, the county financial responsibility for 20%; Henan Province, supporting funds by the provincial and municipal governments at the provincial and municipal governments at the rate of 1:1; Jilin Province, the local supporting funds by the region (city), the county supporting the implementation of the provincial arrangements for the funds to expand the pilot scope. Chongqing Municipality for the implementation of the "one fee system", whether belonging to the Three Gorges Reservoir Area and economic development differences, etc., according to different proportions of the implementation of the supporting funds of the districts and counties. There are also some pilot areas of supporting funds borne by the provincial financial, such as Inner Mongolia supporting funds all by the autonomous region-level financial to bear.
4, the bidding process standardized, effective
The Ministry of Education, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance issued a "rural primary and secondary schools modern distance education project pilot equipment bidding and procurement management methods" (Teaching Fundamentals of the Office of [2004] No. 8) document. In order to ensure the quality of the bidding and procurement work, the Office of the Inter-ministerial Coordination Group organized the completion of the pre-qualification of equipment suppliers and integrators, and the selection of famous domestic enterprises to participate in the construction of the project.
"Rural primary and secondary schools modern distance education project pilot work equipment bidding and purchasing management measures" in accordance with national laws and regulations on the bidding of the various important aspects of the clear provisions, and emphasized three points: First, the provincial education administrative departments for the bidder, the second is that only pre-qualified pre-qualified person integrators and through the pre-qualified prequalified products can participate in the bidding, and third is the bidding and purchasing of the whole process by the Discipline Inspection and Supervision Department to implement supervision and inspection. The use of special funds for pilot work is subject to audit by the audit department.
In order to guide the provinces to do a good job in the bidding and procurement of engineering equipment, the Office of the Inter-ministerial Coordination Group held a special national-level training course on bidding, and in conjunction with the actual pilot work, 70 comrades responsible for bidding in the pilot provinces were trained in the relevant laws and regulations and work procedures.
The local authorities paid great attention to the organization and leadership of the bidding work, adhere to the principle of "openness, justice and fairness", organize a competent team, establish and improve the system, scientifically and reasonably formulate the tender, strictly according to the law, standardize the operation and the actual development of the tender with the actual rural primary and secondary schools throughout the tender, the entire bidding work has achieved a good result. The whole tendering work has achieved good results. For example: Hunan Province, the bidding work is serious, discipline inspection departments involved in the supervision of the whole process, the specific organization is also innovative, first, the bidding agent through the bidding; second, the three ministries and commissions pre-qualification did not involve the ingredients, equipment and construction materials, software vendors for the pre-qualification at the provincial level; third, all the ancillary equipment and construction materials are procured through bidding.
The results of the tender show that: the provincial organization bidding can combine the reality of each place, the implementation of the local responsibility for the implementation of the project and supervision responsibility, but also has a better scale efficiency. Color TV set 34 inch price of 1600-1700 yuan, DVD player price of 250-300 yuan; computer classroom average of about 150,000 yuan.
5, training work is solid, backbone of the initial formation of the team
Pilot work has organized three national training courses for the pilot areas to train more than 1,000 backbone teachers and administrators, the pilot areas of the four levels of training at the provincial, municipal (prefecture, state), county and school level.
From the beginning of the pilot work, the pilot provinces have always put the training of backbone teachers throughout the process of implementing the project. Developed the province's rural primary and secondary modern distance education project pilot project school backbone teacher training program, clear backbone teacher training content, teaching objectives and class scheduling. According to the characteristics of trainees' varying levels, trainee-oriented, taking a variety of ways and means of teaching, such as split-class teaching. After provincial, municipal (prefecture, state), county and school-based training, some backbone teachers are equipped with considerable hardware and software maintenance work in addition to undertaking the day-to-day management of the school. As reflected in the talks with the trained teachers, the participants in the training were satisfied with the teaching arrangements and organization and management of the training, and basically met the expected training requirements, with a relatively remarkable performance in practice. Field evaluations have shown that about 80 per cent or more of the trainees are able to independently install satellite equipment and debug computerized data-receiving systems, train other teachers in their schools, download resources and use them appropriately for education and teaching, etc. In accordance with the requirements of the project program of the three national ministries and commissions, the Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education put forward the working principle of "configuration as the basis, training as the focus, scientific research as the forerunner, and application as the core", and compiled the "Management Manual for Teacher Training of the Modern Distance Education Project for Rural Primary and Middle Schools in Shaanxi Province", which not only contains the requirements for training at the base, but also contains the requirements for school-based training work. It contains not only the requirements for receiving training at the base, but also the requirements for school-based training, such as working principles, management system construction, etc., and the training techniques as well as the methods of strengthening management. In Ningxia, the experience of "resource teachers" (teachers trained at a higher level) was created, requiring each teacher trained at a higher level to teach five other teachers how to use the technology. Guizhou conducted targeted retraining activities to enable frontline teachers to learn with questions, which improved the effectiveness of the training and promoted the sustainability of the program. Gansu Province actively promoted participatory training methods, encouraging rural teachers to use the Internet to express their views and learn collaboratively. Hunan combines training with field observation, first building pilot sites for observation and learning, summarizing experience and gradually promoting it.
Educational administrations at all levels have established effective incentive mechanisms to incorporate participation in training and the application of modern distance education for educational and teaching activities into the end-of-year appraisal of teachers, title evaluation and other systems, which have greatly mobilized the majority of teachers in applying modern educational technology for educational activities. Teachers participating in the training in each school are selected after fierce competition.
6, accelerate the construction of resources, service education and teaching
In order to promote the rural primary and secondary schools modern distance education project really effective, the Ministry of Education, local education administrative departments at all levels, schools and enterprises and institutions have carried out a lot of work in the construction of basic education resources. The Ministry of Education has set up the Basic Education Resource Center by integrating the strengths of relevant units within the Ministry to further increase the efforts in the construction of the Basic Education Resource Bank, synchronized classroom and satellite data resources and the speed of resource collection, introduction, evaluation and integration for the service of education and teaching.
Through the implementation of the pilot work, in accordance with the requirements for students, into the classroom, for teaching, with the three modes of education and teaching resources construction has been a certain foundation. The Ministry of Education for the community to collect, select, review the 34 publishing units selected 1116 entries, 5272 discs of teaching CD-ROM. The People's Education Publishing House has organized the development and production of CD-ROMs covering elementary school subjects from year 1 to year 6 to accompany its teaching materials.
China Education Television (CETV) broadcasts the "Classroom in the Air" TV program and the information radio program on the Ministry of Education's website for 11 and a half hours a day, including "Synchronized Classroom for Primary and Secondary Schools," "Teacher Training" and "Rural Education". The programs include "Synchronized Classroom for Primary and Secondary Schools", "Teacher Training", "Practical Rural Technology", etc., and are available to all primary and secondary schools that have set up their own sites. The Ministry of Education-Li Ka Shing Western Education Poverty Alleviation Project has built a teaching resource library with a total capacity of 148GB, which, after integrating with the resources collected in the pilot work, has been made available free of charge to primary and secondary schools in rural areas throughout the country as a dedicated satellite digital channel for the Modern Distance Education Project for Rural Primary and Secondary Schools, and has been very well received by teachers of primary and secondary schools in rural areas. The director of the education bureau of Huangping County in Guizhou Province said happily that the content of the resources is very good, and only one item of receiving resources free of charge can reduce hundreds of thousands of yuan of expenditure of the whole county every year.
The Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Culture*** are working together to promote the "National Cultural Information***Hanging Project", in which a large number of e-books, patriotic educational films, and literary and theatrical programs will be made available free of charge to the majority of primary and secondary schools in rural areas in the form of CD-ROMs, satellite broadcasts, and other forms of broadcasting.
Local education administrations, in accordance with national curriculum standards, organize the development and production of high-quality educational and teaching resources with regional characteristics and suitable for use in rural primary and secondary schools. For example, in Sichuan Province, on the basis of the provincial network resource center, the construction of "Sichuan Province Distance Education Resource Service Center", to encourage and support the pilot areas to establish regional distance education resource service centers with local characteristics. Guidance and standardization of the comprehensive application of various types of educational and teaching resources software, the establishment of three modes of synchronous development with the curriculum reform of the long-term operating mechanism of educational resources supporting services. Hebei has strengthened the construction of resources and research on education and teaching methods, requiring the province's primary and secondary school textbook publishing units to develop and produce teaching CD-ROMs to accompany the textbooks, and promoting the diversification of the sources of high-quality education and teaching resources.
7, pay close attention to the application of teaching and learning, the effect of the preliminary
In order to strengthen the three modes of application in education and teaching, in June 2004 in Gansu held a modern distance education pilot work site meeting. Preliminary summary and exchange of rural primary and secondary modern distance education three modes of experience in the application of education and teaching, research and deployment of the hardware environment, how to make full use of the means of modern distance education, rural primary and secondary education to improve the quality of education, and to promote the overall development of the rural economy and society. The conference observed the process of education and teaching in Tianshui City, which was characterized by the application of popularized teaching CD-ROMs and the three modes of education in the classroom, and emphasized the need to give full play to the functions and roles of the three modes of modern distance education and to closely integrate them with the usual teaching and learning activities, so that modern distance education equipment can be used in the classroom, for the benefit of students and for the purpose of teaching and learning, so that students in rural areas can be as happy as those in urban areas to share the same experience of enjoying high-quality educational resources under the same blue sky. Educational resources. Tianshui meeting in the pilot work has had a profound and wide-ranging impact, around the general convening of on-site meetings to implement the "student-oriented education and teaching applications, to improve the quality of education and teaching for the purpose of" the point of view in the pilot areas to form a broad **** knowledge.
Education departments around the world to actively promote the application of the three modes of rural education, the development of modern distance education teaching activities to carry out the program. Integration of forces, strengthening teaching and research, scheduling and arranging teaching. The application of modern educational technology means and new teaching methods in the teaching process of various disciplines has gradually realized the changes in the way of presenting the teaching content, the way of learning of students and the way of teaching of teachers. The Education Bureau of Xixiang County in Shaanxi Province has played the role of radiation of the central school and institutionalized the exchange activities of teachers using the three modes to organize education and teaching. Ningxia has set up three-mode teaching demonstration sites for rural primary and secondary modern distance education projects, playing a leading and radiating role, and actively carrying out activities for the application of the "three modes" of modern distance education in rural primary and secondary schools.
The application of the three modes in classroom teaching has produced good results. As some school principals said, "the mountains can no longer block knowledge"; "the implementation of the project, the balanced development of urban and rural education, the modernization of basic education and improve the quality of teaching have a positive impact and significance"; to bring them three changes: the teacher The change of teaching philosophy; the change of teaching methods, and the change of students' learning habits. Three more: more teachers take the initiative to collect teaching information; more consciously study teaching; more students learn independently. Three improvements: improve the efficiency of classroom teaching; improve students' interest in learning; improve the level of teaching research.
The majority of students believe that modern distance education is a good helper in their learning, rich in teaching content, vivid image, intuitive, easy to understand, willing to learn, easy to understand, remember. For example, the English course enables students to pronounce English more accurately and speak Mandarin more fluently.
Governments at all levels are making full use of the platform built by rural distance education to implement modern distance education for rural party members and cadres and technical training for farmers, which has yielded good results, and applications to promote rural socio-economic development are being gradually promoted. There are many project schools that train regional party members, cadres, and wealth leaders in information technology skills, so that they are initially equipped with the skills to use computers to browse and find information, and at the same time popularize practical technologies suitable for the development of the local economy, and burn video materials on planting and breeding techniques sent by distance education into VCDs, which are disseminated to villagers free of charge. Zunyi City, Guizhou Province and Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture are the pilot areas of modern distance education for rural Party members and cadres identified by the central government, and these two areas rely on rural primary and secondary schools to provide 100% of township Party committees and more than 70% of rural Party branches with venues and conditions for distance education, realizing the integration of resources and saving funds. At the same time, rural primary and secondary schools in the pilot areas, in order to better meet the learning needs of rural Party members, cadres and the general public and to give full play to the role of the students, have told parents to come to the school at designated times to watch. Schools have also established a library of materials, take the free lending way, by students to help parents borrow to watch at home on their own, not only to do "parents need what the school on what to play and provide", but also to ensure that the program courseware in a timely manner to return. In order to avoid school education and rural party members and cadres and the masses of education in the learning time "conflict", improve the efficiency of the use of equipment, pilot areas combined with the characteristics of school education and the reality of rural production and life, generally take the "5 + 2" and other forms of learning. That is, Monday to Friday school teachers and students in the application of education and teaching, Saturday, Sunday, evening and holidays for rural party members and cadres and the masses of learning and training time, and according to the characteristics of the agricultural production season, a reasonable arrangement of the learning content, to take the busy time to learn less, more learning in the agricultural leisure time, sunny days to learn less, rainy days to learn more, etc., basically solved the school education and rural party members and cadres in the education of time "conflict", the pilot areas combined with the characteristics of school education work and the actual production and life, generally adopt the "5 + 2" form of learning. "Conflict", to achieve the "double promotion, the two do not miss" effect.
8, sustainable development mechanism is taking shape, accumulated certain experience
In order to ensure the follow-up sustainable development of the project, the establishment of an effective and operable sustainable development support system, the local in practice, combined with the actual situation, and actively explore, in the maintenance of equipment, teacher training, resource construction, technical and management team building, as well as day-to-day operation, has created many new experiences.
--Localities have made greater efforts to arrange or raise public funds for primary and secondary schools in their budgets; in areas where the "one-fee system" is newly implemented, the problem of operating funds can be solved through information technology fees within the miscellaneous fees; and, if there are slight savings, they can also If there is a small saving, it can also support the supplementation of educational and teaching resources and some equipment.
--Departments of education in various regions have worked closely with successful equipment suppliers and engineering integrators to sign contracts for the maintenance of major equipment for about three years, stipulating the responsibilities of the successful enterprises in the repair and maintenance of equipment.
-- Maintenance teams were set up at the county level to work with equipment suppliers and engineering integrators on maintenance. For example, Yuqing County e-learning center and equipment suppliers and engineering integrators signed an agency maintenance contract during the warranty period of the equipment, the equipment suppliers pay a certain amount of maintenance costs to the county e-learning center each year, the county e-learning center is responsible for the maintenance of the equipment, which is to solve the problem of slow response to the maintenance, but also partially solved the cost of the tension of the contradiction;
- -Establishing mechanisms to stabilize the team. In many places, participation in training and the application of modern distance education to carry out educational and teaching activities are incorporated into the end-of-year assessment of teachers, title evaluation and other systems. Educational administrations have signed contracts with teachers who have participated in the training, and if the trainees are to leave, the training fees will be returned for use in training other teachers;
- Accumulation of resources through various forms. Various forms have been used in various regions to centralize the excellent courseware produced by teachers and to exchange **** enjoyment. Hunan pilot areas in the construction of resources, in addition to increasing investment to expand the amount of purchases, focusing on self-development and inter-school **** enjoyment, and in particular, emphasizing the application and **** enjoyment, rather than generally promote self-made courseware. They relied on a secondary school or elementary school within a certain range to set up a modern distance education teaching center research group (room) to carry out three modes of teaching exchange activities. The office of the inter-ministerial coordination group of the project organized experts to inspect and accept the construction of the project in Guizhou, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Chongqing, Hunan and Anhui provinces. The inspection and acceptance group highly evaluated the effectiveness of the pilot work, combined with the feedback of the situation in various places, and summarized the following basic experience.
1, the three models basically adapted to the reality of China's rural primary and secondary schools, the implementation of the project to the rural areas of high-quality educational resources
Teaching CD-ROM broadcasting point of the application of the excellent curriculum into the classroom in rural elementary school, the use of CD-ROM teaching or teaching aids in rural elementary school are widely used, so that the teacher from the transmitter of knowledge gradually transformed into the students' learning counselors, guides and Classroom teaching is organized; satellite teaching viewing points bring curriculum resources, teaching materials and "classrooms in the air" to students; and computer classrooms in rural junior high schools create the conditions for the introduction of compulsory information technology courses and the application of information technology to teaching. Through the pilot program, rural primary and secondary schools have applied the three modes to education and teaching, promoting the improvement of the quality of education and teaching, and initially forming a number of teaching methods suitable for the actual situation in local schools. The implementation of rural primary and middle schools modern distance education project using the three construction models economical and practical, in line with the actual rural primary and middle schools, basically adapted to the level of development of China's rural economy and society.
2. The project adopts a centralized and continuous implementation method, which is conducive to strengthening the guidance of project construction and the promotion of the application of the three modes
Through the centralized distribution, provinces can mobilize their strengths within the province to strengthen the guidance and supervision of the project construction of the contiguous distribution areas. The centralized distribution points have initially formed an informatized environment in the local area, creating favorable conditions for popularizing modern distance education and *** enjoying high-quality education and teaching resources, and making modern distance education in rural primary and secondary schools an important part of the local basic education work. In concentrated and contiguous areas, effective methods of education and teaching using the three modes have been actively explored through various forms of teaching observation, guidance tours and teacher training, playing an important role in the overall improvement of the quality of education in local primary and secondary schools in rural areas. As a result of the formation of economies of scale, modern distance education for rural primary and secondary schools has been able to combine with the actual reform and development of rural education, with the capacity and level of schooling in various places and schools, with the curriculum reform being promoted, and with the economic and social development of local rural areas, thus promoting the leapfrog development of rural education. At the same time, the centralized and continuous implementation reduces the logistics cost and repair and maintenance cost of the project, and also makes it possible to localize the repair and maintenance mainly in counties, and improves the guarantee ability of daily operation.
3, engineering input mechanism basically adapted to China's rural realities, through all levels of government sharing can implement the project construction funds
Engineering inputs taken by the local responsibility, the state according to the economic and social development of different regions to be subsidized approach. With the development of social economy, the local financial input ability to enhance; local investment in a certain amount of money also increased their sense of responsibility to promote the project in a pragmatic manner. Various localities have adopted a variety of ways to implement local matching funds, with most pilot areas being matched at the provincial, local and county levels, a small number of pilot areas being matched at the provincial and local, provincial and county, or local and county levels, and a number of pilot areas being matched at the provincial level. Governments at all levels have attached great importance to the project and, in accordance with the reality of their own regions, have taken a number of measures to formulate different matching fund schemes and set up specialized fund accounts to ensure the implementation of matching funds. The pilot shows that the input mechanism of the project is basically in line with China's rural reality.
4, the three models can play an important role in the rural party members and cadres of modern distance education, and improve the ability of education to serve the farmers
The three models of construction of rural primary and secondary schools in the pilot areas set up a modern distance education platform, and played an important role in the rural party members and cadres of modern distance education. In Guizhou, Hunan and other provinces of the central determination of the national rural party members and cadres of modern distance education pilot areas, rural secondary schools have become the local township party committee of rural party members and cadres of the main position of education, rural elementary school have become the local village party branch of the party members and cadres of the education of the main relying on the place, to realize the integration of resources, saving the capital investment. At the same time, the pilot program has also effectively promoted the "integration of the three religions" and improved the ability of education to serve rural economic and social development. Rural primary and secondary schools are gradually becoming rural cultural centers, party cadres education centers, agricultural technology promotion and training centers.
5, the organization of the pilot work is effective, can ensure the smooth implementation of the project
In order to ensure the smooth implementation of the project, the three ministries and commissions issued a set of rules and regulations. Issued the "rural primary and secondary schools modern distance education project pilot project equipment bidding and procurement management methods", "rural primary and secondary schools modern distance education project pilot project terminal receiving site technical program", "rural primary and secondary schools modern distance education project pilot acceptance management methods" and other documents. In order to ensure the quality of the bidding and procurement work, the Office of the Inter-ministerial Coordination Group has organized the pre-qualification of equipment suppliers and integrators, and selected famous domestic enterprises to participate in the construction of the project, which has achieved very good economic benefits. Provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) have set up leading groups headed by leaders in charge of provincial governments, with the participation of education, development and reform, finance and other relevant departments, and have set up leading group offices in the education sector, and have established a workforce and a team of management experts covering project management, training, technical services, bidding and procurement, evaluation and acceptance, application of project equipment and research on education and teaching methods, providing a reliable guarantee for the implementation of the project. The implementation of the project is reliably guaranteed.
6, resource construction and teacher training needs to be further strengthened
Pilot work, the inter-ministerial coordination group office for the community to collect a wide range of high-quality education and teaching resources, the content of the curriculum resources, teaching materials, thematic education, teacher training, and other aspects of the resources. The People's Education Publishing House has produced 180 small-group teaching CD-ROMs suitable for use in rural primary and secondary schools, which accompany the teaching materials. China Education Television (CETV) arranges for 11 half-hour broadcasts of its "Classroom in the Air" television program every day. The three ministries and commissions have stepped up their efforts to build resources, further integrate them and make them available free of charge to rural primary and secondary schools. However, from the standpoint of pedagogical application, there is a serious shortage of resources adapted to teachers' teaching, students' learning and quality education. The state needs to further increase its investment in the construction of quality educational and teaching resources to ensure that the benefits of the project are realized.
The pilot areas have generally provided training for teachers selected from the schools where the project is deployed. However, the pilot work shows that: for rural teachers, a training is far from being able to reach the level of skillful application, far from being able to meet the needs of education and teaching, there is a continuous training, repeated training process. The application level of modern distance education in each school is also still relatively low. Need to further increase the training of teachers and administrators, especially to increase the training of educational teaching methods.