The harness industry chain includes wires and cables, connectors, processing equipment, harness manufacturing and downstream application industries. The wire harness is widely used in automobiles, household appliances, computers and communication equipment, and various electronic instruments and meters. The body harness connects the whole body and is generally H-shaped.
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Function introduction
There are many automotive wiring harness in modern cars, and the electronic control system is closely related to the wiring harness. Someone once made an image metaphor: if the functions of microcomputer, sensor and actuator are compared to the human body, it can be said that microcomputer is equivalent to the human brain, sensor is equivalent to the sensory organ, and actuator is equivalent to the motor organ, then the wiring harness is nerves and blood vessels.
Automotive wiring harness is the network main body of automobile circuit, which connects the electrical and electronic components of automobile and makes them work. Without wiring harness, there would be no car circuit. At present, whether it is a luxury car or an economical ordinary car, the wiring harness is basically the same, and it is composed of wires, connectors and packaging belts. It is necessary to ensure not only the transmission of electrical signals, but also the reliability of connecting circuits, provide specified current values for electronic and electrical components, prevent electromagnetic interference to surrounding circuits, and eliminate electrical short circuits.
Automotive wiring harness can be divided into two functions: the power line for driving actuators and the signal line for transmitting input instructions from sensors. The power line is a thick line carrying large current, and the signal line is a thin line (optical fiber communication) that does not carry power; For example, the cross-sectional areas of wires used for signal circuits are 0.3 and 0.5mm2.
The cross-sectional area of wires used for motors and actuators is 0.85,1.25mm2; , and the cross-sectional areas of wires used for power supply circuits are 2, 3 and 5mm2. Special circuits (starter, alternator, engine grounding wire, etc.). ) There are 8, 10, 15 and 20mm2 specifications. The larger the cross-sectional area of the conductor, the greater the current capacity.
The selection of wires is not only restricted by the electrical performance, but also by the physical performance of the vehicle, so its selection range is very wide. For example, the doors that are often opened/closed in taxis and the wires that pass through the car body should be made of flexible wires. Conductors used in high temperature areas are generally covered with vinyl chloride and polyethylene with good insulation and heat resistance. In recent years, there are more and more electromagnetic shielding wires used in weak signal circuits.
With the increase of automobile functions and the wide application of electronic control technology, there are more and more electrical components and wires, the number of circuits and electricity consumption in the automobile increase obviously, and the wiring harness becomes thicker and heavier. This is a big problem that needs to be solved. How to arrange a large number of wire harnesses more effectively and reasonably in the limited automobile space and make automotive wiring harness play a greater role has become a problem faced by the automobile manufacturing industry.
Reference materials; Automotive wiring harness-Baidu encyclopedia