1, sanitary landfill method
Sanitary landfill method is to bury the garbage into the ground, through the microbial decomposition of long-term decomposition, so that the decomposition of harmless substances. If the landfill system for medical waste does not have impermeable measures, all kinds of toxic substances, pathogens, radioactive substances, etc. will seep into the soil with rainwater, and harmful substances will enter the human body through the food chain, endangering human health. Therefore, sanitary landfills need to undergo scientific site selection, and with clay, high-density polyethylene and other materials to lay an impermeable layer, but also must be set up to collect landfill gas and output pipeline, so the use of landfill disposal method must be very careful, and must be in accordance with the relevant provisions of the strict pre-treatment of medical waste.
2, high-temperature incineration method
incineration treatment is a deep oxidation of the chemical process, under the action of high-temperature flames, incineration equipment within the medical waste through the drying, ignition, incineration of the three phases of the transformation into residue and gas, medical waste in the infectious agents and harmful substances in the incineration process can be effectively destroyed. Incineration technology is applicable to a variety of infectious medical waste, incineration requires incinerator with high and stable furnace temperature, good oxygen mixing conditions, enough gas residence time and other conditions, while the need for the final emission of flue gas and residue for harmless disposal.
3, high-pressure steam sterilization method
Pressure steam sterilization treatment method is based on the principle of medical waste at high temperature, high pressure process conditions run more than 20min, the pressure steam to penetrate the object inside, so that the microbial proteins coagulate and denature and be killed; need to pay attention to the use of this treatment must be crushed medical waste, crushing can be in the steaming before or after. After cooking, but the state environmental protection bureau published "medical waste high temperature steam centralized treatment engineering technical specifications" stipulates that the size of the crushed shall not be greater than 50mm. this method is not suitable for dealing with pathological waste, such as human tissue and animal carcasses, etc., and the efficiency of the treatment of drugs and chemical waste is also not high.
4, pyrolysis method
Pyrolysis is the use of the instability of organic matter in the garbage, in the anoxic or anoxic conditions of heating and distillation, so that the organic matter to produce thermal cracking, after condensation to form a variety of gases, liquids and solids, from which the extraction of fuel oils, fats and gases of the process.
Legal basis: "Chinese people's **** and the State Solid Waste Pollution Prevention and Control Law"
Article 90 of the medical waste in accordance with the national list of hazardous waste management. Local people's governments at or above the county level shall strengthen the construction of centralized medical waste disposal capacity.
Local people's governments at or above the county level health, ecological environment and other competent departments shall, within their respective areas of responsibility to strengthen the collection, storage, transportation, disposal of medical waste supervision and management, to prevent hazards to public health, pollution of the environment.
Medical health institutions should be classified according to the collection of medical waste generated by the unit, to the centralized disposal of medical waste disposal unit. Centralized medical waste disposal unit shall collect, transport and disposal of medical waste in a timely manner.
Medical health institutions and centralized disposal of medical waste units, should take effective measures to prevent the loss of medical waste, leakage, seepage, proliferation.