The People's Bank of China (PBOC) has 13 functional divisions (departments): General Office (Party Committee Office), Department of Articles and Laws, Department of Monetary Policy, Department of Financial Markets, Financial Stability Bureau, Department of Investigation and Statistics, Department of Accounting and Finance, Department of Payment Science and Technology, Department of Science and Technology, Currency, Gold and Silver Bureau, Bureau of Treasury, Department of International Affairs, Department of Internal Audit, Department of Personnel (Organization Department of the Party Committee), Bureau of Research, Bureau of Credit Bureau, Bureau of Anti-money Laundering (Bureau of Security), and Party Committee Propaganda Department.
Office
Organizes and coordinates the daily work of the organs of the Bank, and undertakes the drafting of relevant documents, the organization of important meetings, the handling of communications, secretarial affairs, the synthesis of information, press releases, archives, letters and visits, and confidentiality.
Division of Treaty and Law
Drafts financial laws and regulations; undertakes the interpretation of financial laws and regulations in accordance with the law; undertakes administrative reconsideration and administrative appeal; conducts financial legal consulting services; and organizes the education and publicity of the financial legal system.
Monetary Policy Department
Studies, formulates and implements the monetary policy of the Central Bank and the intermediary objectives of monetary policy; researches and puts forward opinions and suggestions on the selection and application of various monetary policy tools to maintain the stability of the value of the currency and is responsible for their implementation; researches, formulates and implements the credit policy, and promotes the coordinated development of the national and regional economy; is responsible for the day-to-day work of the secretariat of the Monetary Policy Committee of the People's Bank of China. Committee Secretariat of the People's Bank of China.
Bank Supervision Division I
Organizes the supervision of wholly state-owned commercial banks, policy banks and foreign banks. In accordance with the law, it examines and approves the establishment, change and termination of their branches and the scope of their business; draws up rules and regulations for business management; monitors asset-liability ratios, the quality of credit assets, business activities, financial revenues and expenditures, and other business management; and examines the qualifications of those in charge of their posts.
Bank Supervision Division II
Organizes the supervision of joint-stock commercial banks and city commercial banks. In accordance with the law, it examines and approves the establishment, change, termination and business scope of the relevant organizations; formulates rules and regulations for business management; monitors the asset-liability ratio, quality of credit assets, business activities, financial revenues and expenditures, and other operation and management; and examines the qualifications of the person in charge of the organization.
Division of Supervision of Non-Banking Financial Institutions
Organizes the supervision of non-banking financial institutions (except securities and insurance) in China. It monitors asset-liability ratios, asset quality, financial conditions, business activities and other operations and management; and examines the qualifications of those in charge.
Department of Supervision of Cooperative Financial Institutions
Organizes the supervision of rural and urban cooperative financial institutions. It guides the cooperative financial institutions to adhere to the principle of "voluntary shareholding, democratic management, and mainly for the service of shareholders", and regulates the management of cooperative financial institutions; researches and promotes the reform of the cooperative financial system; formulates the management of the asset-liability ratio of the cooperative financial institutions, the management of the quality of the credit assets, the management of the risk, the management of the interest rate, and the management of the settlement and other business management systems. Settlement management and other business management system, its business risk monitoring, supervise the improvement of internal oversight and constraints mechanism; the development of cooperative financial institutions set the conditions, the scope of business operations, the qualifications of legal representatives and other management methods and organization and implementation.
Statistics Division
Responsible for the collection of economic and financial information. Statistics and analysis; the formulation of the People's Bank of China system of economic and financial statistics system, management and coordination of the financial system of statistics; organization of the People's Bank of China system of surveys and statistics database construction and information automation system construction; to the financial system and the State Council to provide comprehensive departments of the financial information consulting.
Accounting and Finance Division
Draws up unified accounting and settlement systems, methods and rules for the financial industry and organizes their implementation; manages the financial work of the People's Bank of China, prepares and supervises and inspects the financial income and expenditure plans of the People's Bank of China, and prepares financial and accounting statements, such as the balance sheet and the profit and loss account.
Department of Payment Science and Technology
Responsible for the management of payment clearing, inter-bank settlement and accounts, as well as the organization of the construction, promotion and application of modernized payment systems; prepares the development plan for financial science and technology, and draws up financial science and technology policies, standards and management methods.
International Division
Organizes the official contacts and business dealings between the People's Bank of China and international financial organizations, financial organizations of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao and Taiwan, and central banks of various countries; is responsible for the management of foreign affairs of the People's Bank of China.
Division of Internal Audit
Supervises and inspects the functional departments (bureaus), directly subordinate institutions and branches of the People's Bank of China and their staff in the performance of their official duties in accordance with the law, in particular the implementation of financial discipline; undertakes the outgoing auditing of the principal officials, and makes recommendations on the handling of offenders.
Department of Personnel and Education
Develops and organizes the implementation of the management system and methods of personnel and labor wages of the People's Bank of China system; manages the institutions directly under the People's Bank of China; organizes the examination, assessment and introduction of intelligence in the People's Bank of China system, and draws up plans for training of the personnel; and manages the establishment of the People's Bank of China system.
In order to fulfill the duties stipulated in the Law of the People's Republic of China on the People's Bank of China, to ensure the scientific formulation and implementation of monetary policy, and to carry out financial supervision effectively, the People's Bank of China has set up a Research Bureau, a Currency and Gold and Silver Bureau, a Treasury Bureau, a Security Bureau, and a Training Center as a supportive service system. The personnel of the above units are managed with reference to the methods of national civil servants, with an establishment of ***260.
Research Bureau
Focusing on monetary policy decision-making, the Bureau analyzes and forecasts economic growth and its operation, follows up and studies China's industrial policy and the economic dynamics of industry, agriculture, finance and taxation, foreign trade and other sectors, as well as major policies on money and credit, interest rates, exchange rates, financial markets, financial risks and other major policies, and puts forward policy recommendations to the Bank's leadership.
Currency and Bullion Bureau
Draws up measures on currency issuance and bullion management; undertakes RMB management and anti-counterfeiting work; arranges for the production, safekeeping, storage and transportation, updating and destruction of banknotes and auxiliary currencies; manages cash placement, repatriation and security of the treasury; manages China's bullion purchasing and placing inventory and the national gold reserve; manages the bullion development fund; and manages the Chinese gold market.
China's gold market.
The State Treasury Bureau
Handles the business of the state treasury and implements operational management of lower-level treasuries; acts as agent for the financial department of the State Council in the issuance and payment of treasury bonds and other government bonds to various financial institutions; supervises and maintains the safety and integrity of treasury funds.
Defense Bureau
Responsible for the defense of the People's Bank of China system; carries out comprehensive analysis of financial fraud, theft and robbery, and formulates preventive measures; organizes the armed escort of gold, silver, banknotes and securities.
Training Center
Responsible for all kinds of training for the staff of the People's Bank of China and the qualification training for senior managers in the financial industry.
People's Bank of China Organs Service Center
People's Bank of China Organs Service Center (Organs Affairs Administration) is an institution directly under the head office of the Bank, with the legal personality of an institution. Its main responsibilities are: adhering to the purpose of serving the organs of the head office, undertaking the management of the organs of the head office in terms of finance, assets, infrastructure, administration, government procurement and service supervision; formulating the logistic planning and management system of the organs of the head office; taking charge of the housing reform policy, family planning, traffic safety, human security and flood control, security and social security integrated governance and other social affairs of the organs of the head office and the units directly subordinate to the head office; and taking charge of the social affairs of the organs of the head office and the units guiding the People's Bank of China system. It is also responsible for the energy conservation work of the head office and the People's Bank system; exercising the right of supervision and management of state-owned assets on behalf of the head office; and providing logistic services for the office and staff life of the head office.
People's Bank of China Centralized Purchasing Center
People's Bank of China Centralized Purchasing Center was established on June 8, 2005, Centralized Purchasing Center for the People's Bank of China directly under the head office of the Bank, fully funded, independent business legal person (full bureau level), the main responsibility is to undertake the People's Bank of China system of centralized government procurement work.
China Anti-Money Laundering Monitoring and Analysis Center
China Anti-Money Laundering Monitoring and Analysis Center shall, in accordance with the relevant laws and in line with the needs of the country's anti-money laundering work, continuously improve the level of monitoring and analysis of large-value and suspicious fund flows. Its main duties are:
(1) To study and formulate, in conjunction with the relevant departments, the standards for reporting information on large-value and suspicious fund transactions.
(ii) To be responsible for collecting, organizing and preserving information reports on large-value and suspicious fund transactions.
(3) It is responsible for researching, analyzing and screening reports on large-value and suspicious fund transactions, and cooperating with relevant administrative and law enforcement departments in conducting investigations.
(4) transferring and providing suspicious reports suspected of money laundering crimes and their analytical conclusions to the relevant departments in accordance with the regulations.
(v) Submitting large-value payment information to the relevant departments in accordance with the regulations.
(vi) To study and analyze the ways, means and development trends of money laundering crimes, and to provide the basis for the formulation of anti-money laundering policies.
(vii) It is responsible for studying the business requirements of the information management program for large-value and suspicious fund transactions, participating in the development of the program, and responsible for the operation and maintenance of the system.
(viii) Under the authorization, it undertakes exchanges and cooperation with foreign financial intelligence agencies, and cooperates with the relevant departments of the People's Bank of China in matters of foreign contacts in the field of anti-money laundering.
(ix) Undertaking other matters authorized or assigned by the People's Bank.
People's Bank of China Credit Reference Center
People's Bank of China Credit Reference Center is a legal entity directly under the People's Bank of China, with the main responsibility of constructing, operating and managing China's unified basic database of corporate and personal credit information and movable property financing registration system in accordance with national laws and regulations and regulations of the People's Bank of China; and organizing and advancing the construction of a unified credit reference platform for the financial industry. Construction. The credit center of the People's Bank of China is under the guidance of the Credit Administration Bureau.
China Foreign Exchange Trading Center (China Interbank Offered Loan Center)
China Foreign Exchange Trading Center and China Interbank Offered Loan Center (hereinafter referred to as the "Trading Center") was established on April 18, 1994, is the People's Bank of China's head office of the institutions directly under. As the specific organizer and operator of China's interbank foreign exchange market, currency market, bond market and exchange rate and interest rate derivatives market.
China Finance Press
China Finance Press was founded in May 1956, directly under the management of the People's Bank of China, is to publish financial books, periodicals, audio-visual and electronic products as a professional publishing house.
Financial Times Society
People's Bank of China General Clearing Center
People's Bank of China General Clearing Center is a legal entity directly under the People's Bank of China, which implements enterprise management, and it is a Chinese financial service organization that provides payment clearing and related services for the central bank, commercial banks and the whole society.
China Banknote Printing and Minting Corporation
China Banknote Printing and Minting Corporation is a large-scale, nationally-owned enterprise directly under the People's Bank of China that is legally engaged in the business of printing RMB. Its main business is the research and development and manufacture of RMB printing and RMB-specific technologies and equipments, and it is also expanding its business to include the development and production of bankcards, manufacturing of banknote-printing and minting machinery and banking machines, high purity gold and silver refining, VAT special invoicing, and the production of banknote-printing and minting machines. At the same time, the company has been expanding its business fields such as the development and production of bank cards, the manufacture of machinery and banking equipment for banknote printing and minting, high-purity gold and silver refining, special VAT invoices, securities, special bank notes, and advanced anti-counterfeiting certificates.
China Gold Coin General Corporation
China Gold Coin General Corporation, established in 1987, is the only company directly under the People's Bank of China that deals with precious metal coins, and performs the function of offering precious metal currencies, which is an important part of the Central Bank's function of issuing currencies and an extension of its business, and one of the important support systems for the issuance of currencies by the Central Bank.
China Financial Electronic Corporation
People's Bank of China Party School
The Party School of the People's Bank of China is the main channel and the main position of the People's Bank of China for the rotational training of Party members and leading cadres, and is the melting pot of Party character exercise, subordinate to the Central Party School for State Organs. The Party School of the People's Bank of China is mainly responsible for the rotational training of the head office, Shanghai headquarters and directly under the enterprise and public institutions at the level of directorate, branches (including the Department of Management), deputy directorate level, provincial capitals (including sub-provincial cities), deputy branch cadres and their reserve cadres, the local city center, the head of the sub-branch, the head office of the head office and directly under the enterprise and public institutions, the People's Bank of China's Ministry of Management at the level of the Party members and cadres. Fulfilling the duty of providing operational guidance to the Party School of the branch. Undertake the head office organs of division-level cadres training courses and other short-term classes
China Financial Training Center
China Financial Training Center is the People's Bank of China head office directly under the Department of the Bureau-level institutions, also known as the People's Bank of China Beijing Training Institute. According to the overall plan of cadre training of the People's Bank of China, it undertakes the following tasks:
To undertake training within the system of the People's Bank of China;
To carry out international academic exchanges of financial training;
To carry out distance education and training;
Organize and carry out the Financial English Certificate Examination;
Provide training and consulting services for the financial system and the society.
People's Bank of China Zhengzhou Training Institute
Chinese Numismatic Museum
Chinese Numismatic Museum is a national thematic museum directly belonging to the head office of the People's Bank of China, which is mainly engaged in collecting, researching and displaying coins, and is tasked with guiding and promoting the collection of coins, researching and publicizing the culture of numismatics, and is composed of an office, a display and missionary department, a collection and storage department, It has an office, a display and promotion department, a collection and storage department, a research and information department, an editorial department of China Coins, a safety and security department and a development service department, and a secretariat of the China Numismatic Society. The Shanghai headquarters of the People's Bank of China was established in August 2005, as an integral part of the head office, it works under the leadership and authorization of the head office, and mainly undertakes the specific operational duties of some central bank operations, while performing certain management functions. The overall goal of the Shanghai headquarters can be summarized as "two platforms, one window and one center", i.e., to build the Shanghai headquarters into a platform for the Bank's open market operations, a platform for monitoring the operation of the financial market, an important window for external communication and a center for part of the financial services and research and development business.
Major responsibilities:
1. organizing and implementing the central bank's open market operations in accordance with the operational objectives proposed by the head office;
2. undertaking the rediscounting business of the commercial banks and bill franchises in Shanghai;
3. managing the inter-bank market, tracking the development of the financial market, and researching and guiding the innovation of financial products;
4. responsible for the monitoring of Evaluating regional financial stability and foreign-related financial security;
5. Collecting, summarizing and analyzing relevant financial market data;
6. Carrying out thematic researches on the operation of monetary policy, the development of financial markets, and the construction of financial centers;
7. Responsible for the work of relevant regional financial exchanges and cooperation, and hosting the relevant international financial operations;
8.
8, responsible for the operation of some of the country's foreign exchange reserves and gold reserves management;
9, the People's Bank of China in the Shanghai area of the work of the relevant business;
10, the Shanghai headquarters of the management functions, including the management of the People's Bank of China branches within the jurisdiction of the former Shanghai Branch, as well as some of the People's Bank of China's enterprises and institutions in Shanghai, the management and coordination. The Banking Law is the legal basis for conducting banking supervision. The purpose of banking supervision is to ensure the vitality of the banking system and to protect the interests of depositors by monitoring the creditworthiness and liquidity of each banking institution. In addition, the People's Bank of China (PBC) plays a particularly important role in China's financial reform.
The PBOC regulates financial institutions by analyzing periodic reports and conducting on-site audits.
Closely related to banking supervision is the supervision of payment systems. The central bank has the responsibility to maintain the normal operation of the country's payment, clearing and settlement systems, and the PBOC has been working to develop the payment systems that it owns and to work closely with other banking institutions to make the payment systems operated by these financial institutions more efficient, safer and more reliable.
The PBOC is in the process of improving its ability to closely monitor banks' day-to-day positions in the payment system. The PBOC provides payment processing services to banks to settle large-value and retail payment transactions. More than 2,000 interbank clearing houses operated by the PBOC clear and settle all interbank cross-border payments and most intra-bank payment transactions. Paper vouchers for off-site interbank payments used to be cleared and settled interbank first through the co-located clearing houses in the past. The China Electronic Union Banking System (CELS) handles off-site cross-border payments and intra-bank large-value off-site payment transactions.
Branches of the People's Bank of China at all levels provide settlement account services for branches of commercial banks at all levels. In addition, it also opens settlement accounts and provides payment services for some government agencies and public organizations. For example, the Postal Savings and Exchange Bureau also opens settlement accounts with the PBOC.
The People's Bank of China does not allow overnight overdrafts on accounts because most transactions are settled at the end of the day using batch processing, so the concept of daytime overdrafts does not actually apply. The exception to this is the Electronic Interbanking System (EIS), where there must be sufficient funds in the account for payment before a payment order is issued.
In addition to settling payment transactions processed through the PBOC's payment system, the settlement account is also used to settle net positions generated by other payment systems, such as the electronic funds transfer system of the commercial banking system. In China, the implementation of monetary policy compared with the western industrialized countries, both have some of the same characteristics, but also have many differences. The main differences are:
The Chinese economy is in a period of transition from a centrally planned economy to a market economy. The Chinese government still has enough authority to directly control economic development to ensure smooth and orderly reforms.
China's financial market is developing rapidly, but it is still in the early stages of development compared to developed Western countries. Because of the lack of a large and liquid financial market, it is practically difficult to rely entirely on open market operations to indirectly influence monetary aggregates.
Because of these differences, monetary policy tools are different from those of developed countries in many respects. Allocation of credit: The People's Bank of China (PBOC), through its power of leadership over state-owned commercial banks, decides to allocate credit by geography and industrial sector.
Money issuance: The PBOC's exclusive right to issue money enables it to influence the financial resources and business activities of commercial banks.
Legal reserve ratio: The PBOC has the right to alter the legal reserve ratio. Since 1988, this ratio has been 13%.
Setting Interest Rates: The PBOC has the right to set official interest rates for bank deposits and loans.
Open market operations: Until 2013, the amount of treasury bonds issued was not large enough, and the liquidity of the market was not yet so great as to make reliance on open market operations very effective. However, it can be expected that open market operations will play an important role in the future.
Rediscounting: rediscounting for banking and financial institutions that have accounts with the People's Bank of China. Although open market operations have not yet become an effective means of implementing the central bank's monetary policy, the PBOC is engaging in open market operations to implement its monetary policy as China's financial markets develop rapidly.
Since the introduction of the interbank lending market in 1996, in conjunction with the central bank's re-lending, re-discounting, special deposits and the implementation of asset-liability ratio management, the PBOC has indirectly influenced the interest rates in the interbank lending market, thereby affecting the liquidity of financial institutions.In 2013, there were seven types of interbank lending, with maturity periods of 1 day, 7 days, 20 days, 30 days, 60 days, 90 days and 120 days. 60, 90 and 120 days. Since 1994, there have been open market operations for foreign exchange, in which the Central Bank trades U.S. dollars, Japanese yen and Hong Kong dollars. Since 1996, open market operations have been conducted, and in 2013 the Central Bank intervened in the market only on Tuesdays to conduct open market operations for treasury bonds through repurchase agreements between the Central Bank and commercial banks. Funds clearing is carried out through the People's Bank's electronic interbank system, and a T+1 settlement system is practiced, which means that the banks' provision accounts with the Central Bank are increased or decreased on Wednesdays.
Extended reading: insurance how to buy, which is good, hand to teach you to avoid the insurance of these "pits"