The beginning of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century, the position of agriculture in the Swedish national economy continued to decline, Sweden's agricultural labor force accounted for only about 3% of the country's employed population.
In the early 1990s, Sweden was affected by the worldwide economic crisis and experienced a recession. 1994 saw the economy start to rebound, and since then, with the vigorous development of the electronics and information technology industries, the economy has been maintaining a growth rate of 2-4%. 2008 saw the Swedish economy affected by the international financial crisis and faced with a decline in growth, the impact on the real economy, continued weak market confidence, and a decline in the number of employees. After 2008, the Swedish economy was affected by the international financial crisis, facing a decline in economic growth, the real economy suffered the impact of the market confidence continues to be weak, the number of business closures increased, the unemployment rate rose and other unfavorable situations. 2009, Sweden's economy stabilized and rebounded, and the tertiary industry accounted for more than half of the Swedish GDP.
Sweden is rich in forest resources, forestry in the national economy is an important position, in addition to the export of wood raw materials, but also the establishment of a huge pulp, paper, furniture, forest chemical industry and other supporting deep processing industry sector, its output and exports are among the world's most forefront. Among them, the export value of coniferous wood products ranks second in the world, pulp exports rank third in the world, and paper exports rank fourth in the world. At the same time, the government pays attention to environmental protection, the annual harvest does not exceed the amount of natural growth, so that Sweden's forest cover has remained stable for a long time.
Sweden in the retention of traditional characteristics at the same time, but the advantage of the sector has shifted to a high degree of technical concentration of the machinery industry and chemical industry, vigorously develop information, communication, biology, medicine, environmental protection and other emerging industries. At present, Sweden has its own aviation industry, nuclear industry, automobile manufacturing industry, advanced military industry, as well as the world's leading telecommunications industry and pharmaceutical research capabilities. Sweden is also a world leader in software development, microelectronics, telecommunication and photonics.
With a population of only nine million, Sweden has always supported the liberalization of world trade and is a highly externally oriented economy, with a foreign trade dependence of around 80% and export profits accounting for around 45% of GDP.
Agriculture
In 2011, Sweden's national arable land area***2,648,300 hectares, accounting for 6% of the country's land area, the self-sufficiency rate of agricultural products reaches more than 80%, and all kinds of food products can be exported in addition to meeting the needs of their own countries. 2011, the employees of the agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery accounted for 1.1% of the total number of people, and the output value of agriculture accounted for 1.8% of the GDP, which is 96.858 billion U.S. dollars. The value of agricultural production accounted for about 1.8 per cent of GDP, amounting to US$ 96.858 billion. Livestock farming accounted for 80% of the total agricultural output. Grain, meat, eggs and dairy products are self-sufficient, vegetables and fruits are mainly imported, and the self-sufficiency rate of agricultural products is more than 80%.
Sweden is rich in forest resources, forestry in the national economy is an important position, in addition to the export of raw materials for wood, but also the establishment of a huge pulp, paper, furniture, forest chemicals and other supporting in-depth processing of the industrial sector, its output and exports are among the world's most forefront. Among them, the export value of coniferous wood products ranks second in the world, pulp exports rank third in the world, and paper exports rank fourth in the world. At the same time, the government pays attention to environmental protection, the annual harvest does not exceed the amount of natural growth, so that Sweden's forest cover has remained stable for a long time.
Industry
Sweden retains the traditional characteristics of the industry at the same time, the advantageous sectors have shifted to the high degree of technical intensity of the machinery industry and chemical industry, and vigorously develop the information, communication, biology, medicine, environmental protection and other emerging industries. Sweden has its own aviation industry, nuclear industry, automobile manufacturing industry, advanced military industry, as well as the world's leading telecommunications industry and pharmaceutical research capabilities. Sweden is also a world leader in software development, microelectronics, telecommunication and photonics.
Sweden's main industrial sectors are mining, machinery manufacturing, forest and paper industry, power equipment, automotive, chemical, telecommunications, food processing, etc. In 2011, the number of people working in Sweden was 28.8% of the total, and the industrial output accounted for 26.9% of the GDP, which was 144,748 million U.S. dollars.
Services
In 2011, Sweden's service sector accounted for 70.7% of the total population, mainly in the fields of medical care, commerce, transportation and communication, finance, business services, education, scientific research, public **** administration, individual, cultural services and family services, etc. In 2011, the value of the service sector accounted for about 71.3% of the GDP at 383,665 million U.S. dollars.
Tourism
In 2011, Sweden*** received about 7.75 million foreign travelers. The main tourist destinations are the capital Stockholm, nature reserves in the north, the city of Gothenburg in the south and the province of Sk?ne.
Finance
In 2012, Sweden's fiscal revenues amounted to 1778 billion kronor, expenditures amounted to 1791 billion kronor, with a deficit of 13 billion kronor, and the debt accounted for 37.7% of the GDP.In 2013, the fiscal revenues amounted to 1,816 billion kronor, expenditures amounted to 1,858 billion kronor, with a deficit of 42 billion kronor, and the debt accounted for 41.9% of the GDP.
Foreign trade
Sweden has always supported the liberalization of world trade due to its population of only nine million people, and is a highly externally oriented economy, with a dependence on foreign trade of around 80%, and export profits accounting for around 45% of GDP.
Sweden's dependence on foreign trade is high, and the main export commodities are: all kinds of machinery, transportation and communication equipment, chemical and pharmaceutical products, paper and pulp, paper equipment, iron ore, household electrical appliances, energy equipment, petroleum products, natural gas and textiles.
In 2012, Sweden's foreign trade amounted to 227.19 billion kronor, equivalent to 80% of GDP, with exports accounting for 41% of GDP.
In 2013, Switzerland's exports amounted to about 1.09 trillion kronor, down 7% year-on-year, while imports amounted to about 1.04 trillion kronor, down 6% year-on-year, resulting in a trade surplus of 51 billion kronor, a year-on-year decrease of about 8 billion kronor.
Foreign investment
Exchange controls were officially lifted in 1989. The main investment targets are the United States and European countries, as of 2011 Sweden's foreign investment of 26.2 billion U.S. dollars.
Foreign Capital
Switzerland attracts a large amount of foreign capital with good infrastructure and sufficient high-tech talents, which mainly comes from the United States, Germany, the United Kingdom and neighboring countries in Northern Europe. As of 2011, foreign direct investment amounted to $12.2 billion.
Foreign aid
The amount of foreign aid in 2011 was 35.2 billion kroner, or 1 percent of GDP. The main recipients are Ethiopia, Congo, Mozambique, Tanzania, Uganda, Afghanistan, Sudan, Kenya, Palestine and others.
Famous Companies
Sweden has many internationally recognized brands and companies: such as Volvo Group, Volvo Cars, Scania Commercial Vehicles, Saab Cars and Arms, Ericsson, Electrolux, ABB, Tetra Pak Packaging, Hasselblad Cameras, Ikea Furniture and H&M Clothing, Absolut Vodka, Koenigsegg, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, SKF Bearing Co. , Alfa Laval Group and Atlas Copco Industries, among others. Sweden has the largest number of multinational corporations in the world in proportion to its population, and in 2006, six companies from Sweden*** made it into Fortune Magazine's list of the world's top 500 companies.