Fixed assets usually refer to houses, buildings, machines, machinery, means of transportation, and other equipment, appliances and tools related to production and operation with a service life of more than one year. Fixed assets are the means of labor of the enterprise, but also the main assets on which the enterprise depends for production and operation. In addition, fixed assets are both movable assets such as vehicles and real estate houses. Real estate is a real estate, so the property is a fixed asset.
The eight categories of fixed assets include:
1, houses and buildings, refers to the property rights belonging to the enterprise all houses and buildings;
2, general office equipment, refers to the enterprise commonly used in the office and affairs of the equipment;
3, special equipment, refers to belong to the enterprise all the equipment specifically used for a particular work;
4, cultural relics and displays, refers to the museums, exhibition halls and other cultural institutions of various cultural relics and displays;
5, books, refers to professional libraries, cultural museums of books and units of business books;
6, transportation equipment, refers to a variety of transportation tools used in the logistics sector;
7, machinery and equipment, mainly used in the logistics sector of the enterprise for its own Maintenance of machine tools, power machines, tools, etc. and standby generators, etc., as well as counting instruments, testing instruments and hospital medical equipment and equipment;
8, other fixed assets, refers to the fixed assets not included in the above categories. The competent authorities can be appropriately divided according to the specific circumstances, but also the above categories can be appropriately subdivided to increase the types. In summary, intangible assets with a useful life, amortized using the straight-line amortization method, without a useful life, impairment testing at the end of each period, without amortization. The adoption of amortization and impairment testing methods are mutually exclusive. Fixed assets are estimated net salvage value and then depreciated over a period of years by adopting the straight-line method, etc., while impairment testing is performed, and depreciation is recalculated after an allowance for impairment is made for fixed assets that meet the provision for impairment. The methods of depreciation and impairment testing are performed simultaneously.
Legal basis:
Article 2 of the Urban Real Estate Management Law of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the State-owned land) in the urban planning area of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the State-owned land) within the scope of the acquisition of land-use rights for real estate development land, engaged in real estate development, real estate transactions, and the implementation of real estate management shall comply with the present Law.
Housing, as referred to in this Law, refers to buildings and structures such as houses on the land.
The real estate development referred to in this Law refers to the construction of infrastructure and houses on the land on which the right to use state-owned land has been obtained in accordance with this Law.
The real estate transactions referred to in this Law include real estate transfers, real estate mortgages and housing leases.