1, about the choice of tools
1. pencil 2. drawing pen 3. sketching pen 4. markers 5. sketch paper 6. acid paper 7. other tools 8. drinks
2, about the performance of the training
1. pen practice 2. sense of perspective 3. one-point and two-point perspective 4. marker practice 5. the principle of the color of the color of the compound color 6. perspective in the pen more lines 7. size of perspective 8. large drawing effect 9. performance and scheme which is important 10. time schedule
2, about the performance of the training
3, the performance of the training
4, the performance of the training
5. 7. The size of perspective 8. The effect of large drawings 9. Which is more important, performance or program 10. Time schedule
Three, about the program training
1. program ability 2. basic concepts 3. this year's topics 4. Recommended bibliographies 5. training and preparation for the program 6. staged practice 7. frequency 8. techniques 9. types of topics
Four, about the examination process
The examination process
1.1. time allocation 2. review 3. design 4. drawing 5. thickness of the pen and black 6. personality of the graphic expression 7. title and design description 8. details
Note: the quoted words of Mr. Zhu Wenyi, Tsinghua students from the month before the examination organized by the practice of the quick questions, please Zhu explained a video (seen in someone else's place, can not be uploaded). I've tried to use the original words, and I've used the main idea of individual words due to my memory.
I, about the choice of tools
1. pencil: 4-6B soft pencil used to draw the idea sketch. HB-2B hard pencil used to draw some control lines and details. 0.7 automatic pencil to prepare one.
2. Drawing pen: recommended German-made Schroeder Pigment liner, gray rod, thickness of 0.2 - 0.7. The price of this moderate. The advantage is that it dries relatively quickly, on the Mark when it is not easy to rub the figure black. Strongly do not recommend red ring disposable, water is too large, easy to rub. Also against the red ring drawing syringe pen, the pen tip is metal, slow water, often broken line, but also easy to scratch the paper.
3. sketch pen: recommended stabilo. Not divided into thick and thin. Commonly used red, blue, green, black and other colors. Big to the idea of small to the axis grid can be used to draw.
4. Marker: Marker faster and easier to produce results. Of course, if you have the skills of brothers and sisters to choose colored pencils and so on can also be. For the color and marker foundation is relatively weak students, it is recommended to use more gray. Light gray to black at all levels. Green. Blue, the main selection of gray tones. More colorful big red, green, blue, yellow only used to draw the proportion of people.
5. Sketch paper: used to conceptualize the idea to be cut in advance, cut into the size you use the most handy.
6. Sulfate paper: available white sulfate paper, slightly colored is fine, as a base. Sulphate paper charts show formal, and sketch paper wrinkled. Sulfate paper is also stronger than sketch paper, not easy to break. Cut five or so small one (in order to change the convenience of paper, do not recommend cutting into a standard one large), playing on the black border. One directly with electrical tape on the first board. You can save the time of cutting and framing in the exam room. You know, set less into more, every second on the exam room is very critical.
7. Other tools: large tool box, scale, erasers, knives, double-sided tape, transparent tape, electrical tape, triangular board, 90-centimeter ruler tied to the first drawing board, circle stencil, curve board, red ring circular gauge plus red ring syringe pen is specifically used to draw a circle.
8. drinks: two cans of Red Bull. It is recommended to drink less water in the examination room, although you can go out for convenience, but the time is their own.
Two, on the performance of the training
1. pen practice: to copy-based. First master a set of pure pen programmed performance techniques. Learn how to seek perspective, learn how to express perspective. There are many books on this subject. Recommended Zhong Xunzheng's "Architectural Painting Environmental Expression Techniques" and Peng Yigang's "Architectural Painting and Expression Diagrams" These two old academician's books are very systematic and exhaustive; examples are also time-tested masterpieces. In any respect, far from those who are the younger generation of the generalizations can be compared. A few months of careful study and copying will result in a relatively large improvement.
2. sense of perspective: the performance of the sense of perspective on two principles: the image of the near big and far small, before and after the blocking: grayscale before and after each other, the same face back halo. I believe that students with good sketching will immediately understand. Due to the limitations of the level, and then more do not dare to say more. abbs student plaza, there is a called artisan without fools of the bull there to talk about drawing pen drawing, you can go to see.
3. One-point and two-point perspective: personal advice to draw a little. The main elevation masked underneath, set a good point of view, directly out of the front and back relationship on the line, and the same face on the proportion of the parts and elevation of the same. The advantage is that the shape is faster. The disadvantage is that it is a bit old-fashioned and conservative, but you can be sure to finish the drawing. Two-point perspective is more difficult to form, if the strength of the general or for stability, can be discarded. There is also a face perspective is relatively flat, another face perspective is very steep drawing method, in fact, the performance is mainly a face. It is a slightly distorted point of perspective.
4. Marker practice: find some good examples. Or to copy the main. In fact, to really improve the level of painting, or to sketch. The study of drawing performance, one is different from the pure drawing, and the second time limit, can not have too much time to ride on the drawing. Every copy, you have to find a master to criticize and point out, the progress will be faster. Unless you are a cross-disciplinary, only to recommend to you Lai Zhitao's book of 100 examples of quick questions. Domestic drawing marker external perspective book, I have not been able to find a suitable, either too complex, often a few hours in order to draw the effect of others, or to the interior of the majority of drawings. I use the "design and expression - mcpencil effect drawing performance techniques" (Zhang Hanping Ping, China Plan Publishing House), "architectural drawing - mcpencil performance" (Xia Keliang, Southeast University Press), and a "United States Architectural Drawing Performance Advanced Tutorial 2" (seems to be the name of this, horizontal 16-book black cover). Master a set of programmed expression methods: plane with color, elevation with color, perspective with color, all fixed. If you are a Jedi master, you can be more casual. "People, cars, trees, grass to find a good look memorized" (Zhu Wenyi,). Use one set of presentation methods no matter what the program is. Some people suggest that for different architectural character, choose different styles of expression. Personally, I think that unless one is a very high master, it is better for the average person to save himself some time and energy. Can be a set of performance techniques is not easy, why torture yourself. After all, the big effect won't be much worse. I think if you can get a score of about 120, the vast majority of people will be more satisfied (the highest score this year was 2 130).
5. With the color of the principle of polychromy: most places do not use monochrome, or too monotonous. For example, glass, should not use a blue color. Several kinds of blue superimposed to have an effect . Gray is also, several at the same time on, only rich . Marker's chart, due to time relations have to rely more on pen lines, coloring is just a refreshment. For students with weak color skills, using the least, the grayest colors to express clearly should be the right way. Of course, if you are a color master, you can draw some gorgeous.
6. more pen lines in perspective: such as the ground, the environment, more pen lines. Ground on the grid is a way to add a piece of water, plus reflections. It's pretty much the same. The main purpose of drawing the landscape is to create a few more layers to set off the building. For the trees, more markers, more pen lines than you can draw. In the exam, you may only have 5 minutes to draw a tree. Front, center and back, the three levels should be expressed clearly. Black in the foreground, rich in the middle (architecture), and simple in the distance is a common pattern. Architecture with more lines, but to focus on the entrance as a center of interest to deal with the general, but pay attention to the time.
7. The size of the perspective drawing: perspective drawing is recommended to draw a maximum of 2 large on it. Too big, on the one hand, the apparent stupid; on the other hand, it is not easy to draw in-depth, but also a waste of time. After all, drawing time is proportional to the area. Many students do not finish the perspective drawing is either too little time for perspective; or draw too large, too complex, can not close the scene.
8. big picture effect: "the depth of each picture should be consistent: can not plane drawing is very thin, section only a few lines; perspective drawing is very rich, and the elevation is not a tree; the most taboo lack of pictures, to be deducted a lot of points" (Zhu Wenyi). Figure composition, as long as the row under the line, there is a sense of wholeness, rather squeeze some, do not pull too loose. Do not engage in unnecessary composition juggling, waste of time is not pleasing.
9, performance and program which is important: I personally think that half of each. Performance determines the teacher's impression of you, the program is fundamental. Improvement of performance is much easier than the program, as long as the method is appropriate, there are senior guidance, dedicated practice for four months, practicing three hours a day, you can soar, become a master. Programs may learn for four years and still be a mess. The general situation is: the bad performance of people program must be bad, good performance of people program is not necessarily good.
10. time schedule: if the foundation is better, it is recommended that August began to practice performance, September began to practice program. The basis of poorer students, April to start practicing performance is more appropriate. If it is a cross-specialty, the earlier the better. The reason why we focus on performance in the early stage is because performance improves faster, and making some progress first will make us more confident, and at the same time leave a good impression when we go to Tsinghua to look at the teacher's drawings. I'm not sure what I mean by "focus", but I've been practicing my performance, and I've been practicing my program, and I've been practicing my performance," he said.
Three, on the program of training
1. program ability: this is a long-term and difficult task, or we will not learn 5 years. Exam review time is probably up to ten months. It is impossible to radically improve the ability of the program in this period of time. But after a certain amount of systematic and scientific training can still make great progress.
2. The basic concept: "fast question test is the basic skills, not innovation and creation" (Zhu Wenyi). Many people emphasize too much on the idea, quick questions inside to try to do less. Because a lot of idea is to sacrifice part of the function and use, and function is an important criterion in the evaluation of the map. Of course, try your best to have IDEA under the premise of meeting the function, it is still encouraged. "The most basic function, the structure can be handled well, you can be about 80 (out of 100), if you want a higher score, we need to reflect the character of the building" (Zhu Wenyi).
3. This year's topic: 4800 square meters of judges training center. A flat base, the surface is trapezoidal, after retreating from all kinds of red line, can do only 1440 square meters, and is an equilateral right triangle. The drawings are all folio sketch paper or sulfate paper, and the specified drawing size is about 780 by 540. this is a very conventional topic, there is no difficult in the function and character of the building, and there is no requirement for the building to reflect a certain character, just the base of the slightest restriction.
4. Recommended bibliography: Richard Meyer, GMP, 01, 02, 03 years of the Ministry of Construction works, the new domestic publication of various architectural magazines, etc., conventional, orthodox, drawings to have the effect of the program. Against the imitation of Koolhaas, Hadid, Foster and most of the Japanese architectural image; against deconstruction, post-modern, high technology, the latest trend of anti-conventional; against the twisting and turning, fragmented, cool overkill; these may be useful for the course design, but not for the design of the fast-track.
5. Program training and preparation: according to the shape of the base is divided into several types, each type to prepare a set of plans and elevations. Frequently tested terrain are: (1) square; (2) rectangular main entrance in the long side; (3) rectangular main entrance in the short side; (4) triangular main entrance in the short side; (5) triangular main entrance in the hypotenuse; (6) trapezoidal main entrance in the upper or lower bottom; (7) trapezoidal main entrance in the waist; (8) the first seven combinations of the shaped ground. The reason for emphasizing the orientation of the main entrance is that the same piece of land with a different entrance orientation will have a different plan and elevation treatment. The realistic approach is to find these different terrains to practice. Tsinghua often tests sloping land, for sloping land treatment techniques should also be prepared to. Since you have to draw a bit of perspective, you need to draw perspective on the main elevation, there is a certain relationship between the front and back of the concave and convex. In fact, these eight, can be reduced to 2-3 kinds of plan and elevation treatment. In other words, prepare with a program that is alive, adaptable and adjustable. I think that in the examination of this problem, we should pursue multiple solutions, no matter how the topic changes, our planes and elevations can be adapted slightly to meet. We should not consider multiple solutions to one problem, it is too time consuming and laborious. Limited to equipment factors, I can not pass up the several programs I prepared. Some students will say, what should I do when I encounter a topic like Tongji this year? First of all, Tsinghua is not Tongji, will not go too far, or focus on students' ability to deal with general problems. If you really have that kind of problem, you can only rely on your own real design ability to cope with it. However, no matter how specific the topic, the basic problem of architecture will not change, the strength of the people will never be buried.
Four, about the examination process
1. Time allocation: in order, the program 1.5 hours ---- column network axis 0.5 hours ---- first floor plan 40 minutes ---- main elevation 0.5 hours ----- perspective drawings within 2 hours ---- second and third floor plan **** 40 minutes ---- general plan 0.5 hours ----- sub elevation 0.5 hours ---- section two *** 40 minutes. Motorized time 0.5 hours. All times include coloring time. The reason why I drew the main elevation and perspective first is because perspective is the most important, except for the first floor plan, and if you draw perspective, you have to draw the main elevation first (perspective mont draws a bit of perspective on the main elevation). The psychological pressure can be reduced a lot by drawing these most important ones first, and then the rest of the time will be spent on those relatively minor drawings. This time allocation in the later stages of the program training on the simulation practice. Card good time, each drawing on the time, to the full set of drawings completed, reflect on their own in which drawings on the drawing of more time, targeted to improve
2. Review: (1), through the data required by the mission statement, after the red line back, to grasp the total floor area, the requirements of each functional block area, the flexibility of the free area; the base of the green area and the base of the usable area. Roughly estimate how many floors need to be done to meet the area requirements.
(2), see the nature of the building required by the mission statement, how many large functional blocks, and whether there are any special functional requirements.
(3), according to the road situation, decide the entrance and exit can be set up orientation. Primary and secondary entrances can be arranged in their respective orientation.
(4) What are the special requirements of the surrounding environment and other elements. What are the restrictions on the size of the building? What are the elements that can be utilized in the environment?
(5) If there are buildings in the surrounding area, the requirements for fire separation and fire escapes.
(6) The number of parking spaces above ground and any special requirements for the entrance to the underground garage.
(7), the architectural style of any special requirements, architectural techniques any special requirements
3. design: too esoteric, can only say some axioms, specific still have to be made in the process of your teacher to guide. (1), the functional partition must be observed, can not produce the error of the functional partition. Specific internal glitches in a partition can be forgiven.
(2), the structure must be up and down on the right, the column network rules, neat can reduce not a small trouble.
(3) The spatial treatment of the entrance is the focus of the proposition "space". Prepare some interesting spatial treatment of the interior and exterior of the entrance, which is one of the points of view of the teacher's evaluation of the drawings.
(4), the body shape should be processed, so that people can see your modeling ability, do not see a triangle on the ground to make a triangle full of plane. Plane composition generally to follow the environmental texture and topography. Body block intersection, the end of the place to have to deal with.
(5), the smooth flow of traffic, the right number of stairs, the right location, the size of the qualified, the walkway connection is reasonable and smooth