Relatively speaking, compared to other electrical products, th
Relatively speaking, compared to other electrical products, the computer is a prone to such and such a failure of the East East. Computer malfunction, many computer enthusiasts headache, how to deal with and solve the computer problems we encountered? Here I summarize the writing of a computer maintenance in the "eight first eight" law, throw a brick to the readers -
A first investigation, after familiar
Whether it is on their own computers or other people's computers to repair, first of all, to find out what happened when the computer failure. To find out when the failure of the use of computers and the previous maintenance status, in order to treat the symptoms. In addition, before the repair of their computers should also be clear about their computer hardware and software configuration and has been used for years, etc., to achieve the target.
Example analysis --
such as a * for the first version of the system PWIN98 computer in the use of frequent system crashes and "illegal * for the" prompts an increase in the phenomenon, very annoying, the user is ready to reformat the disk! The user is ready to reformat the disk and reinstall the system. I think there is no need to be so troublesome, I carefully look at the configuration of its computer and hardware and software installation and antivirus software to check the virus after ...... by the author of the question, the user said recently installed a new version of the IE6 browser, could it be that the IE6 browser and its system compatibility is not good? I tried to uninstall the new version of the IE6 browser in the "Add / Remove Programs" column, restart the computer, the failure phenomenon no longer occurs frequently. So for this type of failure will not tolerate the newly installed software or hardware or drivers / DirectX, etc. uninstalled such as can not solve the problem and then do the maintenance work to move a large sum of money.
Two, first outside the machine, after the machine
For the host or the monitor does not light up and other faults of the computer, you should first check the chassis and the display of the external components, especially outside the machine, some switches, knobs, whether to adjust the external leads, sockets, such as breaks, shorts, etc., do not think that these are insignificant little place, practice has proved that many users of the computer malfunctions are caused by this. When the confirmation of the outside parts of the machine is normal, and then open the chassis or display for inspection.
Example analysis --
A computer in the move position after the host does not light (host fan does not turn) the fault, the user believes that the host power supply is in disrepair was damaged, open the chassis ready to remove the power supply replacement. I observed the host and the monitor were connected with a power cord from the power outlet, and the display is normal. In line with the principle of first simple after the easy host power plug for a power jack to try, invalid, then the normal use of the monitor power cord removed to connect the host, the host back to normal. The problem line will be connected to the monitor, but also not bright, proving that the problem comes from this seemingly insignificant power cord (internal disconnect).
Three, the first mechanical, electrical
For optical drives and printers and other peripherals, the first to check their mechanical failures and then check their electrical failures is the general principle of overhauling the computer. For example, the CD-ROM drive does not read the disk, it should be clear that the mechanical causes (such as or problems with the optical head), or caused by electrical problems. Only when to determine the parts of the rotating mechanism and the optical head without failure, and then the electrical aspects of the inspection.
Example analysis --
A purchase of more than a year 40-speed CD-ROM drive, the failure phenomenon is not read out the disk. I took over, opened the optical drive first observed the internal structure of the optical drive, this optical drive for the steel structure, there should not be a more serious mechanical situation, I also did not rush in its optical head and increase the power of the laser head to further "destroy" it. Put into a disk, I carefully observed the rotation of the disk and the optical head to give pieces of the action, under the motor into the situation, found that the rotation of the disk is basically normal, the motor in and out of not too big a problem, but the optical head components in the case of no load or add a disk, in the sliding rod sliding very hard to turn off the power supply, and gently pushed the hand a few times so that the optical head components in the rod to slide, there is a very obvious sense of hysteresis. At this time I focus on observing the sliding rod of this optical drive, see its upper side should be white lubricant has become a light black, to get a stronger light is even visible in the dense dust impurities, no wonder the sliding is not flexible. First of all, pure alcohol will be sliding components on the impurities of the lubricant clean up, and then re-added the new lubricant, and then re-test, read the disk back to normal.
Four, the first software, after the hardware
The first to rule out software failures and then rule out hardware problems, which is an important principle in computer repair. For example, WINDOWS system software is damaged or lost may cause a crash failure, because the system startup is a step by step process, which link can not be wrong, if there is a damaged executable file or driver, the system will be dead here. But the computer components of its own problems, plug interface contact problems, hardware device settings such as BIOS, driver is perfect, compatibility with the system, the stability of the hardware power supply equipment, as well as the compatibility of the components of the compatibility of the outside world interference resistance, etc. may also trigger the computer hardware failure. We should start with the soft side of the repair and then consider the hard side.
Example analysis --
A computer startup self-test, the screen displays "No ROMBasic, System Halted" information after the crash, the hard disk light is also a long time not off. Excluding the reason of the hard disk bad channel, it is obvious that the cause of this failure is the hard disk boot program is destroyed, resulting in the system can not find the hard disk and crash. Repair this kind of failure in many ways. Such as we can use KV300, it can easily solve the problem of hard disk boot area is destroyed, the use of which is very simple you can refer to the KV300's description of the document I will not say much here, and if you do not have it then you can also use a floppy disk to start the computer in a pure DOS state, the implementation of the special "FDISK/MBR "command, it can also be forced to the correct master boot program and the end of the logo in the hard disk on the main boot area, but we should be aware of this command has a certain degree of danger.
Fifth, clean first, after the repair
In the inspection of the chassis internal accessories, should first focus on seeing whether the machine is clean, if you find the machine components, leads, alignment and gold fingers between the dust, dirt, cobwebs, or excess solder, soldering oil, etc., it should be cleared, and then overhaul, which reduces the number of natural failures, but also to get twice the result with half the effort. Practice shows that many failures are caused by dirt, a clean failure tends to disappear automatically.
Example analysis --
A computer in an open chassis after the installation of a new graphics card, there is a reboot of the monitor after the black screen, the machine speakers issued a continuous long "tick-tock" beeping alarm. Failure analysis: the chassis speaker issued a continuous beep, which is typical of the memory error fault. Although it is possible to dismantle or move the computer and did not move the memory stick, but the memory is a precision east and west, its enemy is dust, and your computer after a period of time in the chassis is likely to lay a thin layer of residual dust, and CPU * close to the memory is the biggest "victim", CPU fan blowing to the The CPU fan blowing dust, it is likely to give you a thick layer of memory, a little vibration dust may fall into the memory slot, causing a local short circuit or poor contact, resulting in the start of the computer when the monitor black screen and chassis speakers reporting errors. For this case, you should definitely check the installation of memory, can be used to press the hand a few memory and then boot, to see if the contact is good, such as not; then you can remove the memory, the first memory surface dust clean, and then use a small fine bristle brush carefully clean the memory slot, and then re-inserted the memory faults can be eliminated in general.
Sixth, the first power supply, after the machine
Power supply is the heart of the machine and accessories, if the power supply is not normal, it is impossible to ensure that the other parts of the normal work, there is no way to check the other faults. According to experience, the power supply part of the failure rate in the machine accounted for the highest proportion, many failures are often caused by the power supply, so the first overhaul of the power supply can often get twice the result with half the effort.
Example analysis --
A 15-inch display no grating no image and can hear the power supply issued by the obvious "squeak" sound display failure. Failure analysis: from the fault phenomenon analysis of the power supply circuit, line scanning circuit, the main load circuit failure is the cause of such problems. As the power supply issued a "squeak" sound indicates that the switching power supply has been working, thus indicating that the switching transformer before the circuit is basically no problem. First of all, use a multimeter to check whether the five output voltage is normal, the results found that the positive end of the power filter capacitor C117 0V, while the normal should be named 5V or so, obviously not normal, which indicates that its peripheral circuit components there are short-circuited or open-circuit phenomenon. Using the method of measuring current found that the L105 current is very small, and further suspected that the front of the rectifier diode VD106 has a problem, with the replacement method will be replaced after the troubleshooting.
Seven, the first common, after the special
According to the computer failure **** the same characteristics, the first with the universality and regularity of the common faults, and then go to check the special faults, in order to gradually narrow down the scope of the problem, from face to face to shorten the repair time.
Example analysis - a computer in the replacement of the motherboard to restart the computer after the power light but the system does not self-test monitor black screen failure. Open the chassis, carefully observed, found that the CPU fan normal operation, turn off the power to carefully check the installation of the board, focusing on the reinstallation of memory sticks and graphics cards, check the motherboard related jumper and other conditions, to confirm that there is no error, and then use the "minimum system method" troubleshooting, remove the hard disk drive and other connecting wires, only to maintain the motherboard, CPU, memory, graphics cards, the minimum system, and then the system will be able to detect the problem, and the system will not be able to detect the problem. I used the "minimal system method" to troubleshoot the problem, removing the hard disk and optical drive connections, and keeping only the minimal system of motherboard, CPU, memory, and graphics card. Then focus on checking the optical drive and hard disk connection, when on the good optical drive after the above failure to reappear, is not on the optical drive is not good, the optical drive is connected to the IDE2 bus interface alone, I checked and found that the optical drive connected with the IDE cable connector without anti-reverse insertion of the bumps, is it connected to the reverse? Take a closer look at the results, the correct on the system after a good normal start.
Eight, the first peripheral, after the internal
In checking the computer or accessories of the important components, do not rush to replace the first or its internal or important accessories to do, but should check its peripheral circuitry, in the confirmation of the peripheral circuitry is normal, and then consider replacing accessories or important components. If you do not ask, a replacement of accessories or important components, can only cause unnecessary losses. From the maintenance practice can be seen, accessories or important components of the peripheral circuit or mechanical failure is much higher than its internal circuit.
Example analysis --
A unit of the PC, hard disk in normal use, just restart the computer, the hard disk can not be found, according to the computer's * worker said that the hard disk two days ago, this has been such a problem, but after a while to find their own, today at work, in the normal use of just restart the computer, the hard disk can not be found. Normal use of the case just restarted the computer, the system can no longer find the hard disk. Open the chassis to look at the hard disk for three years ago to buy the Western Digital 3.2G hard disk, due to be often disassembled to * Bay data appear very old. For this type of failure can first check the IDE hard disk cable, after a new invalid, try to change a power plug re-inserted tightly, after booting the hard disk "flick" moving up to return to normal, get it done! Fitting accessories closed chassis cover, and then restart, the strange thing is that the hard disk is gone ...... so several times, the hard disk can not be used normally, but I just plug the hard disk power cord a few times, it will be able to return to normal. Could it be that the hard disk power connector within the terminals have poor contact, remove the observation, there is no rust or halogen phenomenon. With a multimeter to detect the terminal and hard disk circuit board terminal welding points between the conduction, I found that there is a column (5V) to use the pen against the tight in order to conduction, ruled out the surface oxidation of the terminal or weld points welded and other cases, I spent 3 yuan to purchase a power cord adapter, cut off the connector stripped out of the copper wire, will be in order in the hard disk power supply part of the power supply socket terminals in the circuit board corresponding to the weld points one by one! Welded, the power adapter cable male plugged into the host power cord on a female, reboot, the PC is back to normal
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