1, the scope of bidding
Clear bidding scope is the content of the bidding project, unified bidding scope of the necessary conditions, but also the establishment of a fair competition platform and to determine the rights and obligations of the bidders and bidders (especially the winning bidder).
When describing the scope of bidding, it is necessary to pay attention to the sub-projects that may be separately contracted by the bidder and have the qualification requirements for professional contracting, such as earth excavation (including earth transportation and outsourcing), piling, elevator, aluminum alloy (plastic steel) doors and windows, curtain wall, secondary decoration, weak electricity and building intelligence, fire protection, installation of fire protection equipment, high-voltage power supply and distribution, central air-conditioning, heat exchangers and so on.
2, professional subcontracting works and their pricing
The tender documents need to clarify the scope of the bidding whether there is a bidder designated subcontracting (also known as separate contracting or separate contracting) of the professional works, and, if so, need to clarify its pricing in the bidding.
Generally, there are two ways to calculate the price of separately contracted professional works, one is a unified provisional estimate of professional works (also known as the provisional engineering fee) included in the offer, and the other is not included in the offer for the time being. Both ways must explain the treatment of general contracting service fees for specialized works.
It should be noted that, when the bidder has been included in the bidding price of professional works in the implementation of the project is clearly to be separately contracted to the professional contractors, and at the same time provide that the bidder in the offer of the general contracting service fee, in the bidding documents must be clarified in the contractor to provide general contracting services in the scope and depth.
3, materials, equipment supply and pricing
Tendering documents need to be clear in the scope of the bidding for materials and equipment in the procurement and supply methods. Procurement and supply can be simply divided into two categories, one is all by the bidder (contractor) procurement and supply, known as B for, the other is part of the bidder (contractor) procurement and supply, known as A for.
In addition to specifying the procurement and supply of materials and equipment, the bidding documents also need to specify the bidding scope of materials and equipment pricing methods. There are generally three pricing methods: one is a unified tentative price of materials and equipment, applicable to the A supply as well as the B supply but must recognize the quality and price of materials and equipment; the second is completely independent of the offer, applicable to the B supply of materials and equipment, including the designated brand and other materials and equipment; the third is not counted for the time being, applicable to the A supply of materials and equipment.
It should be noted that the bidding documents need to explain the pricing of A-supplied materials and equipment storage fees.
4, utilities pricing
Traditional fixed pricing, utilities settlement shall calculate the current market price of utilities with the fixed budget price difference, list pricing mode is the bidders combined with the market independent quotation and settlement accordingly, due to the difference between the two pricing modes, in order to avoid disputes, the bidding documents need to make clear that utilities by the contractor in accordance with the actual cost to pay the provider. costs to the provider.
5, the project prepayment agreement
Payment of project prepayment will have a certain impact on the bidder's bidding price, so the bidding documents should be clear.
In accordance with Article 12 of the Interim Measures for the Settlement of Construction Project Prices, No. 369 of Caijian [2004] stipulates that: "the advance payment of the contractual contractual project is allocated in accordance with the contractual agreement, in principle, the proportion of the advance payment is not less than 10% of the contract amount, not more than 30% of the contract amount, for major projects, according to the annual project plan for the yearly advance payment." Bidding documents need to be based on this provision to specify the proportion of advance payment and payment time, at the same time, specify the time and manner of advance payment in the project progress payment to be deducted back.
Another point to note is that when the bidding price takes into account the provisional amount and determines the provisional price of the specialized works separately contracted by the contractor, the calculation of the advance payment on a pro rata basis should make it clear that the contract price based on the calculation includes or does not include these amounts.
6, the settlement of progress payments
The settlement of progress payments is divided into two types, the first is the time (monthly, bimonthly, quarterly, etc.) settlement of progress payments, and the second is the stage of the image of progress settlement of progress payments, the second needs to be clear image of the progress of the node. The amount of progress payment should be in line with Caijian [2004] No. 369, "Interim Measures for the Settlement of Construction Project Prices," Article 13, that is, "...... not less than 60% of the project price, not more than 90% of the project price to the contractor to pay the progress payment."
7, engineering changes in the settlement of visa
Engineering changes in the settlement of visa will have an important impact on the settlement cost of the project, is prone to disputes, the bidding documents need to be clear. According to Caijian [2004] No. 369, "Interim Measures for the Settlement of Construction Project Prices," Article 10 provides: "Change the contract price by the following methods: (1) the contract has been applied to change the price of the project, according to the contract has been the price of the contract price; (2) the contract is only similar to the price of the project changes, you can refer to a similar price change in the contract price; (3) the contract does not apply to or similar to the price of the change, by the contracting party, the contracting party shall not be subject to the price of the project. (3) If there is no applicable or similar price in the contract, the Contractor or the Offeror shall propose an appropriate price for the change, which shall be implemented after confirmation by the other party. If the two parties cannot reach an agreement, the two parties may refer to the cost management organization of the project at the place where the project is located for consultation or according to the dispute or dispute settlement procedures agreed in the contract." Which (3) method should be further clarified as far as possible the pricing principles.
8, temporary pricing of materials and equipment, the settlement of price difference
In the process of construction of the project is required to bidding temporary pricing of materials and equipment to recognize the quality of the price, recognize the quality of the price with the original temporary pricing of the price difference settlement needs to be clearly defined in the bidding documents, there are generally two ways of settlement, one way is to take the difference of the price of the management fee, profit, fees, taxes for the settlement, and the other is the difference of the price of the settlement of the fee, taxes, and the settlement of the difference of the price of the temporary pricing. Fees, taxes for settlement, the bidding documents to clarify the price level can be determined according to the temporary pricing to make a choice, the price level of temporary pricing if the market price level is determined by reference to the level of the second way, the price level of the temporary pricing with the level of the market price of the price of the difference between the level of the first way can be chosen.
9, the determination of the provisional gold and settlement
Provisional gold or reserve, is used to change the visa and other unforeseen expenses to pay for standby. The determination of the provisional sum in practice there are generally two ways, one way is unified according to a certain amount of provisional, the other is to (sub-parts of the total + measures project cost) as the base, unified according to the base of a certain rate of provisional, in order to unify the competition platform, it is recommended to use the first way. Settlement, as the payment of the reserve, need to be deducted (including the cost of its calculation).
10, A supply material quantity difference settlement
Actual engineering construction process, A supply material will appear over or under supply, its unit price settlement according to the actual purchase price, the quantity difference of the benchmark needs to be particularly clear, generally should be reported in the bidder's bid for A supply material quantity as a benchmark, if the bidding content has obvious errors can be referenced to the construction authorities issued by the consumption of quota The content of the benchmark, but need to amend the original winning bid, the difference in the amendment by the contractor.
11, A material storage fee pricing
Traditional quota clear A material storage fee rate of 1.2%, bill of quantities pricing mode of bidding documents on the A material storage fee is dealt with in two ways: ① A material storage fee is not settled separately, the bidding price is considered comprehensively; ② A material storage fee in the list of other items in the list of a single item in the limited ceiling rate, bidding units to compete for rates Under the circumstances, the bidding unit to compete for rates and quotations. It should be noted that the bidding documents need to specify the scope and price of the A supply of materials for storage fee, the scope of which generally does not include large equipment.
12, the general contracting service fee pricing
Traditional quota clear subcontracting works with the fee (that is, the general contracting service fee) according to the subcontracting works of 5% of the direct cost of the bill of quantities of billing mode of the bidding documents on the general contracting service fee there are two ways to deal with: ① the general contracting service fee is not included in the signing of the construction contract is separately agreed. ② provisional total provisional estimate of professional subcontracting works, in the case of limited ceiling rate, the bidding unit competition rate and offer.
In 2009, "Shaanxi Province, the construction project bill of quantities pricing rates" Article V "other issues that need to be clarified" provides that, when the contractor for subcontracting of specialized projects, procurement and supply of some of their own materials and equipment (equipment included in the cost of construction and installation), should be clearly defined in the bidding documents the scope of services and depth of the general contractor, the general contractor shall be in the offer of general contracting service fee. At the same time, it is stipulated that when preparing the maximum price, the general contracting service fee shall be calculated according to the scope and depth of the general contracting service fee specified in the bidding documents, and that the general contracting service fee of the specialized works may be calculated at 2%-4% of the cost of the subcontracted works; and that if the contractor only purchases and supplies the materials and equipments, it may be calculated at 0.8%-1.2% of the total value of such materials and equipments. And it is clear that the bidder independently determines the quotation of the general contracting service fee, of course, its rate cannot exceed the upper limit of the above rate.
13, four insurance premiums pricing
Tender documents need to clarify the four insurance premiums in the bidding price and settlement at the time of completion of the settlement, in general, the bidding price according to the non-competitive fee to the complete four insurance reference rate, the settlement of the settlement according to the actual settlement.
In 2009, "Shaanxi Province, the construction project bill of quantities pricing rates" will be the original fee in the four insurance adjusted to "social security insurance", "housing fund", "dangerous work accident insurance" three, which "social security insurance" including old age insurance (i.e., labor insurance co-ordination fund), unemployment insurance, medical insurance, industrial injury insurance, employment insurance for the disabled, maternity insurance for women workers. The "social security insurance" includes pension insurance (i.e., the labor insurance fund), unemployment insurance, medical insurance, work injury insurance, employment insurance for the disabled, and maternity insurance for female workers. Seven insurance and one pension" in the old-age insurance in accordance with Article 14 of this paper, "the old-age pension fee calculation method" to deal with.
14, the old-age pension fee valuation
Construction project implementation, most of the implementation of the project, the old-age pension fee by the construction unit in the construction formalities, and then in the completion of the acceptance of the contractor with the completion of the acceptance of the record procedures and settlement procedures in the co-ordination of the Office to receive. There are also a few projects where the construction unit pays on behalf of the contractor. Therefore, the bidding documents need to clarify whether the pension co-ordination fee is deducted after tax calculation.
15, the completion of the project settlement agreement
(1) the agreement on the type of contract. Project completion settlement is determined by the type of contract, the contract type is mainly divided into three:
① fixed total price; ② fixed unit price; ③ adjustable price.
The bill of quantities pricing model is generally used under the fixed unit price contract type.
(2) the contract price adjustment agreement. Three types of contracts to adjust the contract price should be clearly agreed to adjust the scope and mode of adjustment. For the bill of quantities pricing model of fixed unit price contract type, the tender documents need to be clear:
① the amount of work according to the actual calculation;
② list of comprehensive unit price is unchanged (due to large differences in the amount of work and special agreement to adjust the unit price of the integrated exceptions);
③ changes in the visa project according to the principle of its agreement on the determination of the unit price of the integrated;
④ measures to adjust the cost of the project can be divided into four ways. Adjustment can be divided into four ways: the first way is the cost of the lump sum without adjustment, the second way is to adjust the ratio of the settlement of sub-parts with the bidding sub-parts of the lump sum price, the third way is to adjust the measure project cost according to the bidding of the project cost group price of the amount of change in the proportion of the measure project cost, according to the "item" to a cost of the cost of the cost of the items quoted are not adjusted, and the fourth way is to adjust the amount of work in accordance with the principle of bidding the cost of the project cost grouping by the real Adjustment of the amount of work.
It should be noted that the fourth way is easy to produce an unbalanced offer, it is recommended to use the second and third way.
(3) risk range. Fixed lump-sum price, fixed unit price contract are required to specify the risk range of the national treasure price, the risk range mainly involves four aspects:
① Labor, machinery, materials market price fluctuations. In general, market price fluctuations do not adjust the contract as a fixed lump sum, unit price basis, but the price fluctuations of major materials such as steel, cement (commercial concrete), asphalt, non-ferrous metal materials, etc., you can set a certain degree of increase or decrease as the contractor to bear the risk of price fluctuations in the limit, the limit of the price fluctuations outside the risk of the two sides should be clear to bear the way;
② Force majeure factors other than those caused by the contractor's reasons for price changes in the risk borne by the contractor;
③ government departments in charge of the policy price adjustment documents, bidding documents should be clear whether to adjust the settlement price in accordance with the price adjustment documents;
④ exchange rate fluctuations, the bidding documents should be clear due to exchange rate fluctuations in whether to adjust the settlement price.
16, the proportion of quality guarantee and return
Ministry of Construction, Ministry of Finance on the issuance of "Interim Measures for the Administration of Quality Guarantee in Construction Projects" notice (JianQi [2005] No. 7) in Article 7, "the proportion of the total amount of settlement of the price of the project to be set aside as a guarantee of about 5%," Article 2 provides that the "defects liability period of generally six months, twelve months or Twenty-four months", the return method is generally in the quality of defects in the period of a single or divided return after deducting the cost of maintenance of the balance, the return of the balance of whether the calculation of interest to be clear in the bidding documents.
In addition to the above elements of pricing, bidding documents will also involve other bidding pricing related content, according to the characteristics of the bidding project, should also be made clear, with its wide range of applications, can be further incorporated into the bidding documents to be analyzed within the scope of the elements of pricing to be studied to show that the standardization and unity.