Zigui county is located in the western part of hubei province, located in the three gorges project dam on the head of the reservoir, is the hometown of the world's cultural celebrities qu yuan, the birthplace of the dragon boat sport, "the hometown of china navel orange", set of celebrities, the famous gorges, the dams, the famous lakes in one, with the three gorges of the Yangtze river scenery, the three gorges Hydropower project, Qu Yuan cultural celebrities and other world-class cultural tourism resources.
The world-renowned construction of the Three Gorges Dam turned the Three Gorges River section from a natural river into a reservoir. In order to protect the water environment in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, the State Council adopted the "Plan for Prevention and Control of Water Pollution in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area and Its Upper Streams". Hazardous waste treatment, industrial pollution prevention and control, ecological environmental protection and ship pollution control and other work, has greatly improved the water environment quality of the Three Gorges reservoir area. Zigui County is the first county of the Three Gorges Project reservoir, at present, Zigui County has built 14 sewage treatment plants and landfills, contributing to the improvement of the water environment quality in the Three Gorges reservoir area.
I, garbage treatment status
(a) garbage treatment planning
zigui county has been included in the "three gorges reservoir area and its upper reaches of water pollution prevention and control planning" of the garbage treatment project **** 7, respectively, the county, guojiaba, shazhen creek, quizhou, quyuan, shuitianba, leachan and other 7 towns and cities garbage treatment plant, with a total investment of 81,490,000 yuan (of which the national bond funds) Investment of 68.28 million yuan, the local supporting investment of 13.21 million yuan), designed to handle a total of 147.5 tons of garbage per day.
(B) the construction of garbage disposal project
zigui county town seven garbage treatment plant in addition to the Shuitianba township in the construction, the county, Guojiaba, Shazhen Creek, the return of the state, Qu Yuan, drain the beach six garbage plants have been completed, and the county, Guojiaba, Shazhen Creek, the return of the state garbage plant has passed the provincial comprehensive acceptance, put into operation, the Qu Yuan, drain the beach and other two garbage treatment plant is running on a trial basis.
Zigui County garbage disposal project project implementation, to improve the environment of the reservoir area, promote local economic development has played a positive role. First, the treatment of environmental pollution. The project into operation, has accumulated 230,000 tons of garbage (county garbage treatment plant to deal with 120 tons of garbage, 6 town garbage treatment plant to deal with 60 tons of garbage), a fundamental solution to the environmental pollution caused by living garbage heap, improve the production and living environment of the residents of the market towns, and the protection of the Yangtze River water quality has played an important role. The second is to bring to life a side of the economy. The implementation of the project, directly or indirectly on the construction tax, deed tax, cultivated land occupation tax, new land use fees (land premiums) and other financial income of about 8 million yuan. At the same time, the construction of the project, led to the development of local building materials, construction, transportation and other related industries, to solve some of the rural surplus labor force employment problems, increasing people's income. Thirdly, it improves the basic conditions. Project from the project to planning, design, construction, always adhere to the people-oriented, according to local conditions, closely linked to the local reality, the project construction and improve the local basic conditions fully integrated, give full play to the use of national bond funds. One is combined with the construction of towns, new construction, renovation of supporting roads, further improve the living environment of urban residents and traffic conditions; the second is combined with the needs of landfill operations, optimize the operation of equipment selection, configuration of engineering machinery and garbage collection and transportation equipment, not only to meet the needs of landfill operations, but also serves the construction of towns and disaster relief.
Two, the main problems of waste disposal
(a) landfill can not fully meet the needs. First, I still have the county within the Qinggan River Basin two river mouth, Meijiahe, milling and other three towns, Tongzhuang River Basin culture of the town without sanitary landfill of domestic waste, involving a population of 15,000 people, the daily production of about 40 tons of garbage, all of which are not harmless, there is a potential risk of environmental pollution, there is an urgent need to plan and build the corresponding towns of the landfill. Second, the county town of Maoping status quo population growth over the original plan, the amount of domestic garbage generated by a large increase, and because of the Maoping Harbor ship domestic garbage into the landfill disposal, resulting in the current average daily garbage disposal of 120 tons, up to 150 tons / day, which is far more than the landfill capacity of 70 tons / day. As a result, the service life of the completed landfill has been shortened, and there is an urgent need to implement the second phase of the project. Third, the rural areas, especially the larger villages can not handle the garbage. Rural garbage is widespread, if not effectively dealt with for a long time, the harm to the ecological environment will be incalculable. The treatment of rural garbage has yet to study countermeasures.
(2) town sanitation facilities are not supporting. In addition to the county and the river towns equipped with a limited number of sanitation facilities, other towns sanitation facilities are mainly a few garbage pools and a tractor. At present there is a general mismatch of sanitation facilities, the number is not enough, low degree of mechanization and other issues, resulting in low efficiency, high cost and poor results of town sanitation work.
(C) insufficient funds for garbage disposal. Although the county towns have established a sanitation fee system, but due to the towns of immigrants, students, unemployed residents (laid-off workers), limited affordability, low sanitation fees, the fees charged even the wages of sanitation workers are not enough, not to mention the cost of garbage sanitary landfill, standardized treatment. The consequences, first, to the local government, institutions and units to bring big economic pressure; Second, the standardized treatment of garbage affected; Third, a small number of places due to the non-implementation of the wages of sanitation workers, leading to social disharmony, instability.
Three, countermeasures and recommendations
(a) further increase the planning efforts. Planning is to promote the premise and foundation of the work. Currently my county reservoir area waste disposal work guiding planning is approved by the State Council, "the Yangtze River Three Gorges reservoir area and its upper reaches of the water pollution prevention and control plan", the planning time is early, a lot of basic data with reference to the situation provided by various places before 2000, has been unable to fully adapt to the current and future period of economic and social development of the reservoir area of the actual situation. To this end, the state and the organization of relevant departments and scientific research institutions to carry out planning amendments, but has not yet been approved by the State Council for implementation, has lagged behind, is bound to affect the 11th Five-Year Plan period of the reservoir area of the prevention and control of water pollution. To this end, one is to further revise and improve the planning content, enhance the scientific nature of planning. Suggested that zigui zigui territory maoping river basin, jiuwanxi river basin, Qinggan river basin environmental comprehensive management project and two river mouth, meijiahe, mill ping, culture and other market town garbage disposal project and county garbage disposal project into the planning content. Secondly, the revised plan as soon as possible to the State Council for review and approval after the organization and implementation, enhance the timeliness of planning. Third, industry planning, departmental planning, regional planning to coordinate with each other to enhance the unity of planning. To domestic garbage disposal, industrial solid waste disposal, hazardous waste disposal, medical and health garbage disposal, ship garbage disposal, Yangtze River floating debris disposal, rural comprehensive garbage disposal and other related planning harmonization, complement each other. At the same time, it is necessary to coordinate garbage disposal with sewage treatment planning, and with regional economic and social development planning.
(ii) further increase investment. Insufficient garbage disposal facilities in the reservoir area, the need to invest a lot of money to sound and perfect the treatment facilities. As the garbage disposal does not directly produce economic benefits, so only to government investment, and gradually guide enterprises and individuals to increase investment in garbage disposal. From the reservoir area of zigui county's actual situation, due to inundation loss, immigrant relocation task, immigrants get rich difficulty, the county economic development level and developed areas with a big gap. To this end, it is recommended that: First, in the town garbage disposal, comprehensive management of the watershed environment project construction, improve the proportion of central financial subsidies, local governments appropriate supporting, the central and local, respectively, according to the proportion of the total investment in the project 85%, 15% of the arrangement of funds; Secondly, increase the subsidies for garbage disposal operating expenses, to be implemented with reference to the current subsidy policy for sewage charges, by the central government according to a certain percentage, A certain period of time on the completion of the garbage treatment plant subsidies, the rest of the local financial subsidies and garbage disposal fees collected to solve the problem; Third, departmental cooperation, the formation of synergies, will be the development and reform, immigration, economic and trade, transportation, construction, health, agriculture, environmental protection and other departments for domestic garbage, hazardous wastes, ship garbage, industrial solid wastes, health care garbage, the new rural environment, floating debris treatment and other aspects of the special funds to be concentrated Up, integrated planning, complement each other to form a synergy in order to play a more comprehensive benefit.
(3) further increase the pilot. For rural garbage, due to the many points, and garbage composition of medical waste, pesticides and fertilizers packaging, agricultural film, etc. occupy a certain proportion, there is no ready experience in processing, so it is recommended that the first pilot. First, the classification of garbage, medical waste, pesticides and fertilizers containers and packaging, agricultural film, etc. can be recycled for recycling, toxic and hazardous can be incinerated incineration, can not be incinerated after disinfection of landfill disposal, other household waste can be returned to the field of return to the field as fertilizer; Second, the need for landfill disposal, can be differentiated, for the convenient transportation, from the town of landfill within 10 kilometers of the village, equipped with garbage collection and transfer facilities, centralized collection and transportation to the landfill For villages with convenient transportation and within 10 kilometers from urban landfills, they should be equipped with garbage collection and transfer facilities, and centrally collected and transported to landfills. For villages with inconvenient transportation and far away from urban landfills, small landfills will be built close to the villages as appropriate.
(4) further increase the mechanism of innovation. Garbage disposal itself does not directly create economic benefits, but if the system is smooth, the mechanism is alive, can still save operating costs by reducing treatment costs. Therefore, garbage disposal mechanism innovation is necessary, garbage disposal mechanism innovation direction is to implement market-oriented, entrepreneurial, professional, specifically, is the introduction of competition mechanism, public auction of the right to operate, the government and the operator signed a business contract, the implementation of the target assessment, strict rewards and punishments.
(E) further increase law enforcement and supervision. Increase law enforcement, investigate and deal with illegal acts, regulate the behavior of garbage disposal enterprises and residents, is to improve the garbage disposal in the reservoir area of the guarantee. First, we must further improve the garbage disposal related regulations, local policies, so that there is a law to follow; second, construction, environmental protection, water conservancy and other relevant departments to combine their duties, according to the law, seriously investigate and deal with violations involving garbage disposal; third, to strengthen the monitoring and enforcement capacity building, training of law enforcement personnel, improve the quality of law enforcement personnel, equipped with law enforcement necessary tools, vehicles, so as to enhance the law enforcement capacity to meet the garbage disposal Supervision and law enforcement work needs