1. Customs duty is a tax levied on importers and exporters by customs established by the government when imported and exported goods pass through the customs territory of a country. On December 23, 2020, the Customs Tariff Commission of the State Council issued a tariff adjustment program for 2021, deciding to implement a temporary import duty rate lower than the most-favored-nation (MFN) rate from January 1, 2021 on 883 commodities, including raw materials for anti-cancer drugs. Hearing aids, infant milk powder raw materials and other commodities closely related to people's lives. At the same time, with the continuous expansion of China's opening up to the outside world, some of the agreement tax rate and the most favored nation tax rate will also be reduced.
2. Definition: Tariff is a tax levied by a country's customs on imported and exported goods passing through its customs territory according to the country's laws and regulations. Tariffs are generally high-level taxes designated by the highest administrative unit of the country. For countries with well-developed foreign trade, tariffs are often the main source of revenue for national taxes and even for the national treasury. Governments can impose tariffs on imported and exported goods, but import tariffs are the most important and the main trade measure.
3. Tax responsibility: Tax responsibility refers to a country's rules and regulations for calculating and collecting tariffs on imported goods and a column table for systematically categorizing imported dutiable and duty-free goods. It is the basis for customs duty collection and a concrete manifestation of a country's tariff policy. In terms of content, the Tariff Schedule generally consists of two parts: first, the regulations and instructions for the collection of tariffs; and second, the tariff rate schedule. The tariff rate table consists of tariff numbers, commodity names, tariff rates and other columns.
4. Payment method: The usual way of payment of tariffs is that the customs office accepting the declaration calculates the tariffs to be paid one by one in accordance with the formal customs clearance procedures for the imported (exported) goods and fills in and issues a letter of payment of tariffs. After the taxpayer has completed the formalities of tax payment or transfer to warehousing with the Customs or the designated bank, the Customs (with the bank receipt) will carry out the clearance and release formalities. Before tax formalities and after customs clearance formalities, it is conducive to the timely entry of taxes into the treasury and the prevention of tax arrears. Therefore, the customs of all countries in this way as the basic way of taxation.