1. To ensure that persons with disabilities are able to maximize their physical and mental capabilities, enjoy normal opportunities for public service, and contribute positively to the community and society as a whole.
2. To activate the community to promote and protect the human rights of persons with disabilities by means of changes within the community, and to remove barriers to the participation of persons with disabilities in social activities.
Second, the characteristics of community rehabilitation
Compared with institutional rehabilitation (general hospital rehabilitation, specialized rehabilitation, rehabilitation centers) community rehabilitation has the following characteristics:
1. Based on the community, led by the community organization, with the full participation of community members. Community rehabilitation is carried out within the community, is an integral part of the community's economic and social development undertakings. Therefore, the community is responsible for planning, organizing and leading, with the participation of the whole community, relying on community resources (human, material and financial) to carry out rehabilitation services for the disabled in the community.
2. Relying on the community's original health care, social security, social service network and other parties **** together to carry out rehabilitation services. Community rehabilitation is not only the community health care, but also the community's social welfare and social services, community health, civil affairs, social services and other departments **** with the participation of the community, close cooperation, the formation of synergies to carry out their work.
3. In accordance with the principle of comprehensive rehabilitation, medical, educational, vocational and social rehabilitation services are provided for the disabled in the community. In the implementation of the principle of comprehensive rehabilitation, on the one hand, give full play to the potential of the community, within the reach of the community as much as possible for the disabled to carry out physical and mental functional training, to help go to school and employment, and to promote the disabled to return to the community, social integration; on the other hand, we should make full use of and give full play to the local rehabilitation centers, rehabilitation hospitals, schools, and provincial, municipal, and county guidance centers for rehabilitation services for people with disabilities (department, station) and other rehabilitation technology resources.
4. Rehabilitation training is localized and nearby; the methods are simple and easy to carry out, and the techniques are practical and effective; the equipment is simple and locally available; the targets are the disabled, the elderly, and the chronically ill in the community; and the training time is frequent and long-lasting.
5. Give full play to the role of the disabled themselves, their families and their organizations (such as the Disabled Persons' Federation, Disabled Persons' Association, etc.) in rehabilitation.
Community rehabilitation requires the participation of the disabled and their families and representatives of disabled people's organizations in decision-making, planning and implementation. Therefore, community-based rehabilitation has a strong focus, can really "according to the needs of rehabilitation", can really solve the practical difficulties of the disabled, to meet the needs of the disabled. Only in this way can we fully mobilize people with disabilities to participate in the rehabilitation of enthusiasm and improve the effect of rehabilitation.
6. The community rehabilitation investment is small, the service coverage is wide, the rehabilitation effect is good.
Three, the basic principles of community-based rehabilitation
(a) socialization
Unified leadership of the government, the relevant functional departments in their respective roles, close cooperation, tapping and use of social resources, mobilizing and organizing the social forces, *** with the promotion of the principle of work.
1. A community rehabilitation service coordination organization was established under the leadership of the government, with the participation of various departments such as health, civil affairs and education, to formulate policies, prepare plans, take measures, make overall arrangements, supervise and inspect, so as to make the community rehabilitation service plan a smooth and healthy implementation.
2. The relevant functional departments incorporate the relevant contents of community rehabilitation services into their own functions and fields of operation, and *** with the implementation of the community rehabilitation services program.
3. Tapping and utilizing rehabilitation resources, in terms of facilities, equipment, networks, manpower and financial resources, etc., breaking down departmental boundaries and industry boundaries, realizing the resources **** enjoyment, and providing a full range of services for rehabilitation clients.
4. Widely mobilize social forces, make full use of the communication media, publicize and mobilize social groups, intermediary organizations, charities, civic organizations and volunteers to actively participate in community-based rehabilitation services, and provide support in terms of funding, technology, scientific research and services.
5. Create a favorable social atmosphere, promote the spirit of helping people and selfless dedication, and provide enthusiastic services for the disabled and other rehabilitation targets.
(2) Community-based
The survival and development of community rehabilitation services must be based on social realities, and must be based on the internal strength of the community, so that community rehabilitation
Rehabilitation services do community organization, community participation, community support, community benefit.
1. Provide services oriented to the needs of the disabled in the community.
2. Community governments should incorporate community rehabilitation services into local economic and social development plans and the construction of two civilizations.
3. Make full use of the internal resources of the community and realize the integration of resource utilization.
4. People with disabilities in the community and their relatives and friends should take the initiative to participate and actively cooperate.
5. According to the occurrence of illnesses, injuries and disabilities and rehabilitation problems in the community, health education is carried out in a targeted manner.
(C) low-cost, wide coverage
With less manpower and material resources, most of the service users can enjoy the service. According to foreign statistics, the per capita cost of institutionalized rehabilitation is about 100 US dollars, which covers only 20% of the rehabilitation clients, while the per capita cost of community-based rehabilitation services is only 9 US dollars, but covers 80% of the rehabilitation clients.
(4) Adaptation to local conditions
Community-based rehabilitation is suitable for both developed countries (regions) and developing countries (regions), and its purpose is to promote the majority of rehabilitation recipients to enjoy a full range of rehabilitation services o f{1 in developed countries (regions), developing countries (regions), and underdeveloped countries (regions) in terms of the level of economic development, cultural and educational practices, rehabilitation technology and resources, There are great differences in the rehabilitation needs of the rehabilitation object, only according to the actual situation, according to the local conditions to adopt the community rehabilitation model suitable for the region can be a good solution to the local rehabilitation problem.
(E) Practical techniques
To enable the majority of rehabilitation clients to enjoy rehabilitation services, it is necessary to adopt simple and practical rehabilitation techniques that can be learned by the majority of rehabilitation personnel, the clients themselves and their families.
(F) active participation in the rehabilitation object
Recovery object is the main body of community rehabilitation training, only the active participation of the rehabilitation object in the rehabilitation training, in order to achieve good results in rehabilitation, and therefore require the rehabilitation object in the rehabilitation process to do: (1) to establish a sense of self-rehabilitation; (2) actively cooperate with the rehabilitation training; (3) participation in community rehabilitation services; (4) efforts to learn culture, mastery of labor skills, and contribute to society.