Intake selection
Nutrition experts generally believe that 50%~60% of people's daily calories should come from carbohydrates. Because of different carbohydrates, there is more evidence that you should choose your diet carefully. ?
For simple carbohydrates, it is very important to drink milk and juice and eat proper amount of fruit. But eating sugar and other sweeteners will provide a lot of unnecessary calories in the body, which is harmful to health. For complex carbohydrates, only low-fiber carbohydrates, starch (such as potatoes) and refined grains (such as white rice, macaroni and white bread) should be avoided. Carbohydrates in these foods will be quickly converted into monosaccharides by the body. ?
On the contrary, you should try to eat more carbohydrates containing a lot of fiber. Especially beans and whole wheat foods, will be beneficial to human health. According to the recommended consumption of fruits and vegetables by these experts, carbohydrates can be consumed healthily. ?
There are many ways to ingest carbohydrates, and the simple way is to ingest foods containing more carbohydrates. Eat air-dried fruits, soup rich in beans, and whole wheat bread instead of white rice (or wild rice mixed with white rice).
nutriology
Carbohydrates Many foods are rich in carbohydrates, including fruits, soft drinks, bread, pasta, beans, potatoes, rice bran, rice and wheat. Carbohydrate is a common energy source in living things, but it is not a necessary nutrient for human beings. Sugar is not an essential component of any other molecule, and the human body can also get energy from protein and fat.
Generally, the brain and cranial nerves cannot burn fat to obtain energy, and glucose or ketose can be used instead. The human body can synthesize some glucose by using specific amino acids, glycerol skeleton in triacylglycerol, or fatty acids during abnormal glucose development.
Sugar contains 65,438+05.8 kilojoules (3.75 kilocalories) per gram, protein can provide 65,438+06.8 kilojoules (4 kilocalories) per gram, and fat can provide 37.8 kilojoules (9 kilocalories) per gram.
Generally, organisms cannot convert all sugars into energy, and glucose is the most common energy source. Many organisms have the ability to metabolize other monosaccharides and disaccharides into energy, but glucose is the first choice.
For example, in Escherichia coli, when lactose is encountered, the lactose operon will release enzymes to digest lactose, but if both lactose and glucose exist, the lactose operon will be inhibited and glucose will be digested first. Polysaccharide is also a common energy source. Many organisms can decompose starch into glucose, but most organisms cannot digest cellulose, chitin and other polysaccharides. These sugars can only be digested by some bacteria and protozoa.
Refer to the above? Baidu encyclopedia-carbohydrates