Students with psychological crisis tendency and in psychological crisis state are the objects of our concern and intervention. Identifying the object as having a psychological crisis generally refers to the fact that the object has a life event with great influence, and its mood fluctuates violently or its cognition, body or behavior changes greatly, so that it is temporarily unable to cope with the immediate crisis with the usual problem-solving methods.
Students with one of the following factors should be given special attention as high-risk individuals for psychological crisis intervention:
1. Depressed patients (more than half a month);
2. Suicide attempts or perpetrators in the past;
3. There are obvious motivation conflicts or sudden setbacks such as academic failure, physical illness, family changes and interpersonal conflicts;
4. Family members and friends who have a history of suicide or suicidal tendencies;
5. Those with obvious defects in personality;
6. Long-term sleep disorders;
7. Those who have a strong sense of guilt, defect or insecurity;
8. Those who feel that the social support system is lacking or missing for a long time;
9. People with obvious mental disorders;
10, with obvious aggressive behavior or violent tendency, or other people who may cause harm to themselves, others and society.
Students who have recently issued the following warning signals should be taken as the key intervention objects of psychological crisis, and timely crisis assessment and intervention should be carried out:
1. People who have talked about suicide and considered suicide methods, including revealing their thoughts on death in letters, diaries, pictures or scribbled words;
2. Those who suddenly give gifts, treat guests, apologize or say goodbye to classmates, friends or family for unknown reasons;
3. The mood is suddenly and obviously abnormal, such as special irritability, high anxiety, fear, emotional impulse, or abnormal depression, or the mood suddenly turns from depression to calmness, or the diet and sleep are seriously affected.
Three. Preventive education
Based on education, focusing on prevention, do a good job of psychological crisis intervention for students. Class teachers and psychological counselors should educate students about life and guide them to love life, love life and be kind to life; It is necessary to educate students on self-awareness, guide them to correctly understand themselves, accept themselves happily, actively develop themselves, establish self-confidence and eliminate inferiority; Students should be educated to cope with the crisis, so that they can understand what a crisis is, when people will have a crisis, what words and deeds of students are precursors to suicide, and how to help and intervene students with signs of suicide.
Schools vigorously popularize mental health knowledge among students, guide students to establish modern health concepts, and carry out education for students' common problems such as environmental adaptation, emotional management, interpersonal communication and learning methods; Organize various forms of mental health education activities to form a good mental health atmosphere in schools; By holding a class meeting with a distinct theme, students can be helped to optimize their individual psychological quality, enhance their psychological adjustment ability and improve their mental health.
Fourth, early warning.
Do a good job in the early warning of students' psychological crisis, so as to find, inform, evaluate and treat the changes of students' psychological state early, with smooth information and rapid response, and strive to eliminate students' psychological crisis in the bud.
Establish a general survey and investigation system for students' mental health.
1. The psychological counseling room evaluates the mental health of all the students every year, and selects individuals with high psychological crisis risk according to the evaluation results, and works with the class teacher to prevent and transform the crisis for these students.
2. The school conducts targeted surveys on three key groups every year: ① the survey that the learning environment of senior one is not suitable for students; (2) Investigation of students with special financial difficulties; ③ Focus on the investigation of college students with excessive psychological pressure. After the investigation, the school should submit the list of students with psychological crisis to the psychological counseling room.
Establish a reporting system for students' mental health. In order to keep abreast of the dynamic development of students' mental health and the psychological status of high-risk individuals, the school has established a reporting system for students' psychological problems.
1. The head teacher should know the psychological status of the students in the class in time, report the psychological status of the students in the class to the grade leader once a week, and report to the school psychological counselor in time if the students have obvious psychological abnormalities.
2. Counselors should go deep into the students and get to know the students' mental health status in time through the class teacher and student cadres. The person in charge of student affairs asks the student counselor once a week about the changes in the mental health of the whole school.
3. If the school finds that students' psychological problems are deteriorating rapidly or new serious psychological problems appear, it shall report the students' situation by telephone quickly and report to the psychological counseling office in writing within 24 hours.
4 students with serious psychological crisis, psychological crisis accidents and their handling should be reported to the leading group for psychological crisis intervention of school students in a timely manner.
Establish an evaluation system for students' psychological crisis. The psychological crisis assessment team timely conducts psychological crisis risk assessment for students with psychological crisis reported by schools, school clinics, psychological counseling teachers, etc. If you are uncertain or difficult to evaluate, you can invite a psychological crisis expert to evaluate.
Establish the input system of "database of students' psychological crisis early warning objects" The psychological counseling room establishes a database of students' psychological crisis early warning objects, records the information of students with psychological crisis tendency and need crisis intervention in the whole school, and implements dynamic management.
Establish a feedback system for students' mental health information. The Office of Mental Health Education gives timely feedback to the school on the mental health status of all students, the list of students who entered the database of students' psychological crisis warning objects, the results of students' psychological health evaluation and investigation, the reported psychological evaluation results of students with psychological crisis tendency, the list of students with psychological crisis tendency obtained through other channels and their psychological evaluation results.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) crisis intervention
For students listed in the "database of students' psychological crisis warning objects" or students with sudden psychological crisis, the school will implement psychological crisis intervention according to their psychological crisis degree. The degree of crisis is determined by the psychological crisis assessment team.
Establish a support system. Schools should enrich students' after-school life by carrying out colorful cultural and sports activities, cultivate students' positive, optimistic and enterprising mentality, and form a good interpersonal atmosphere of unity, friendship and mutual assistance among students. All teachers, especially counselors, should always care about students' study life, help students solve their difficulties in study life, talk with students and be their bosom friends. Student cadres should provide timely and thoughtful help to students with psychological difficulties and sincerely help them tide over the difficulties. Mobilize parents and friends of students with psychological difficulties to give them more care and support, and invite their relatives to accompany them when necessary.
Establish a treatment system. Students with psychological crisis should be treated in time. For those with mild symptoms and low degree of crisis, school psychological counseling or psychological treatment in professional institutions such as higher hospitals are the main ones, supplemented by drug treatment. Those with severe symptoms must go to school or corresponding professional institutions for psychological counseling on the basis of drug treatment in hospitals and other professional institutions. Those with severe symptoms and high degree of crisis must be sent to hospitals and other professional mental hospitals for treatment immediately.
Establish a resistance control system. For the stimulation of people or situations that the school can control and trigger students' psychological crisis, coordinate with relevant departments to block it in time to eliminate the persistent bad stimulation to the crisis individuals. Schools should take measures to protect or avoid the objects that crisis individuals may attack because of their nervous reaction after being stimulated. When accepting students with serious psychological crisis, psychological counseling teachers and hospital doctors will not let the students leave when the crisis has not been lifted, and immediately report to the psychological counseling room and the grade where the students are.
Establish a monitoring system. Students with psychological crisis should be monitored during school.
1. For those who have mild psychological crisis and can study normally at school, the school should set up a student monitoring group of not less than 3 people, headed by the class teacher and student cadres, to keep abreast of students' psychological and behavioral conditions and conduct safety monitoring for students. The monitoring team reported the students' situation to the school in time.
2. For those who have a high degree of crisis but can persist in studying and receiving treatment at school, the school invites their parents to the school to explain the situation to them. If parents are willing to take it home for treatment, let students drop out of school and go home for treatment. If parents don't want to take them home, they will be accompanied by their parents after reaching a written agreement with them.
3. If there is a serious psychological crisis confirmed by the psychological crisis assessment team or mental health experts, the school will promptly inform the parents of the students to come to the school immediately, suspend the treatment of the students, and let the parents take them home or send them to the hospital for treatment. Before the school and the parents hand over the responsibility for safety, the school will conduct 24-hour special supervision on the students. For those with particularly serious psychological crisis, the school sends people to assist the security personnel to carry out 24-hour special monitoring, or send them to the hospital for treatment under supervision. During the hospital's treatment of students in crisis accidents, the school also assigned relevant personnel to conduct 24-hour special care in the ward according to the requirements of the hospital.
Six, late tracking
When students who have dropped out of school due to psychological crisis apply for resumption of school, in addition to the Measures for the Administration of School Status, they should also issue a certificate of mental illness rehabilitation recognized by the school.
After students return to school, the school makes proper arrangements for their study life, helps students to establish a good support system, and guides students to avoid fierce conflicts with them. The head teacher should pay close attention to understand their psychological changes. Counselors have a heart-to-heart talk with them once a month to get to know their psychological state in time through other students around them.
For students who drop out of school because of strong suicidal thoughts or attempted suicide, the school should pay special attention to arranging class teachers, counselors and student cadres. We should closely monitor them and make preparedness plans for possible crises to prevent their psychological conditions from deteriorating at any time. Psychological counseling room pays close attention to them, and organizes psychological counseling teachers and experts to conduct regular follow-up counseling and risk assessment.
In view of the actual situation of students in our school, all the staff, based on the principle of education first, timely intervention and follow-up service, unblocked the early warning channels of students' psychological crisis and regularly analyzed the students with psychological problems in our school one by one. Pay special attention to students with learning difficulties, students with financial difficulties, students with adjustment difficulties, and students who suddenly suffered a major blow, and keep abreast of the psychological changes of students at high risk of psychological crisis.