Why do experts say it is better for men and women of the same age to delay retirement?

Zheng Bingwen, member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and director of the World Social Security Research Center of the China Academy of Social Sciences, said that assuming that the final legal retirement age of both men and women is extended to 65, according to the current situation, men are extended from 60 to 65, with a span of five years; Then, women are extended from 50 to 65, and the span is 15. If men and women are required to extend the retirement age to 65 at the same time, women's delay will be much faster, psychologically and physically unacceptable, and their social identity will be reduced, which is not conducive to the implementation and realization of this reform.

On February 6th, 65438, Zheng Bingwen said that about 15 years ago, there was a discussion about delaying retirement age in academic circles. "Because the retirement ages of men and women are different at present, I think it is better to change one and retire at the same age."

Zheng Bingwen said, "At present, almost all men and women in developed countries have the same retirement age. From the perspective of life expectancy, women's life expectancy is longer than that of men, which is an important physiological phenomenon in all countries. From the cultural background, most developed countries think that the retirement age of women is lower than that of men, which is a kind of gender discrimination. These two factors still inspire us and are worth thinking about. "

Extended data

Aging and fertility decline in China.

By the end of 20 19, the population aged 60 and over in China was 253.88 million, accounting for 18. 1% of the total population. If we compare the ranking of GDP per capita with the ranking of aging, then the ranking of aging in China is still relatively high, far exceeding the countries with the same GDP per capita. In addition, it is worth noting that it is predicted that the elderly population in China will reach a peak of 487 million in 2053. It should be noted that reaching this peak does not mean that the elderly population in China will not increase, nor does it mean that the aging in China will begin to ease.

At the same time of aging, the birth population in China has been declining for several years. Although the "two-child policy" has been implemented for several years, the effect is not satisfactory. Only in 20 16 years, the number of people born rose to17.86 million, and then in 20 17 years, 20 18 years and 20 19 years, the number of people born in China decreased to varying degrees. The birth rate in 20 19 reached the lowest level since 2000.

In other words, the number of people paying social security is decreasing, while the number of retired people is increasing. If this development continues for a long time, it is likely to have a consequence: the pension is not enough.

In 20 18, the income of China's enterprise employee pension insurance fund was 3.6 trillion yuan, and the expenditure was 3.2 trillion yuan. The balance of payments was balanced that year. Despite this, in some areas, the pressure of pension balance is still not small, and the pressure of payment is not small.

According to experts, if we continue to develop according to the current institutional framework, it is estimated that by 2029, the current national enterprise employee fund pension insurance fund will not be able to make ends meet. By 2036, the accumulated balance will be exhausted. In addition, by about 2050, the dependency ratio of old-age insurance will be reduced to 1.03: 1. In other words, a person may have to support a retiree in the future.

Experts from China Economic Weekly-China Academy of Social Sciences said: It is better for men and women of the same age to delay retirement.