A month ago, Sun Qiang's blood sugar was obviously normal, without any discomfort, but he was suddenly hospitalized for cerebral infarction. Fortunately, the rescue was timely and saved a life. This incident made him particularly depressed.
The attending physician explained that many sugar friends seem to be fine on the surface, but the highest difference between fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose is 4, which fluctuates greatly, easily leading to vascular endothelial damage, and then inducing a series of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
The doctor reminded that diabetic patients must strictly control their blood sugar, and they should not feel the same and have no discomfort.
If diabetes is not treated in time, many complications will come to you, and the whole body tissues and organs such as heart, brain, kidney, eyes and lower limbs will be implicated, leading to serious consequences such as gangrene, uremia, coronary heart disease, stroke and blindness. The key to prevent diabetic complications is to control blood sugar.
For pre-diabetic patients, fasting blood glucose should be controlled below 6. 1mmol/L to avoid developing diabetes.
According to the newly published "China 1 Type Diabetes Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines" and "China Type 2 Diabetes Prevention and Treatment Guidelines (2020 Edition)", the recommended blood glucose control standards for general adult patients with 1 Type 2 diabetes are: fasting blood glucose 4.4-7.0 mmol/L; The postprandial blood glucose was10 mmol/L.
There are many complications and high risk of hypoglycemia in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, when controlling blood sugar, we should comprehensively evaluate the balance between treatment benefits and risks, and the treatment strategy should focus on improving the quality of life, and customize the treatment plan according to the specific situation. The specific criteria are as follows:
Compared with before, the latest version of the guide gives more specific and detailed hypoglycemic standards, and at the same time, the elderly should keep in mind three principles when controlling blood sugar: ① Don't show obvious diabetic symptoms due to hyperglycemia; ② It will not increase the probability of infection because of high blood sugar; ③ Hyperglycemia crisis is not caused by hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia crisis includes diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemia hyperosmotic syndrome.
The complications of diabetes are not untraceable before they appear, but some precursors are easily ignored by patients. Therefore, sugar friends should pay more attention at ordinary times, and seek medical advice in time once suspicious symptoms appear to avoid harming multiple organs and tissues of the whole body.
1, numbness in hands and feet
This is a common complication of diabetes. Diabetes can lead to peripheral neuropathy. These nerves are mainly responsible for the movement and feeling of the body and also dominate the normal operation of internal organs. Once damaged, numbness of hands and feet may occur, which often has the following characteristics: symmetry, bottom-up development, starting from the far end, in addition to numbness, there is also a sense of ant walking.
2. Abnormal sweating
Some sugar friends will have abnormal phenomena such as sweating too much or too little, sweating on the upper body but sweating on the lower body, and dry skin sweating. It also happens during sleep. This is mainly due to impaired autonomic nerve function and abnormal sweat gland secretion caused by diabetes.
3, backache
Sugar friends always feel backache and obvious hunchback, mostly osteoporosis. When the blood sugar is high and the kidney excretes too much glucose, a lot of calcium in the blood will also be lost. Coupled with insulin deficiency, insufficient collagen synthesis and reduced bone matrix, it is easy to cause osteoporosis and backache.
4, easy to get thirsty
Blood sugar has always been in a high state, which can stimulate vascular endothelial nerve receptors, thus signaling thirst, so when blood sugar rises, sugar friends will also drink more water.
5, bad breath after waking up
If the blood sugar is unstable for a long time, it will easily lead to immune decline, secondary infection, periodontal infection, loose teeth, bad breath and other manifestations, especially when you wake up after a night's sleep.
If the above performance occurs, it means that blood sugar may be unstable. You should consult a doctor in time and try to control it.
Half of controlling diabetes lies in eating. In order to control sugar effectively, it is very important to eat reasonably, especially to arrange three meals a day.
According to the recommendation of Dietary Guide for China Residents, for sugar lovers who are only engaged in diet conditioning, it is best to divide the whole day's staple food into three or more meals, which can not only reduce the burden on the pancreas, avoid hyperglycemia, but also reduce the occurrence of hypoglycemia.
The time of three meals should also be regular. Generally, it is best to eat at seven or eight in the morning, and the variety should be rich; It is best to have lunch at11:00-13: 00. At this time, the human body has low residual energy and can eat high-energy and high-nutrition food. Dinner 17: 00 19: 00 is the best, with a wide variety, which supports eight-point satiety.
Here is a brief introduction to diet.
The dietary principle of diabetics is reasonable collocation, ensuring comprehensive and sufficient nutrition, and diversifying food types as much as possible, with cereals as the main food, eating more fresh vegetables, fruits and potatoes, eating more milk, beans and their products, eating fish, poultry, eggs and lean meat in moderation, and eating less fat, meat oil, fried food and fried food.
If we can persist in doing this, cooperate with exercise, take medicine on time and in quantity or take insulin, we can control blood sugar well and avoid complications.
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