The most appropriate answer: Cerebral infarction is a cerebrovascular disease caused by cerebral atherosclerosis and vascular intima injury, and then local thrombosis is formed due to various factors, which aggravates or completely occludes the arterial stenosis, leading to cerebral ischemia, hypoxia, necrosis and neurological dysfunction. The main factors of cerebral infarction are hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, overweight, hyperlipidemia and eating fat. Many patients have family history. It is more common in middle-aged and elderly people aged 45 ~ 70. (1) Precursor symptoms of cerebral infarction Patients with cerebral infarction often get sick during quiet rest. Some patients wake up and find their mouths and eyes askew, hemiplegia, drooling, eating rice grains and unable to lift chopsticks. This is the occurrence of cerebral infarction, which often makes people unprepared. Only some patients have transient ischemic symptoms before onset, such as numbness of limbs, slurred speech, transient blackness, dizziness or dizziness, nausea, and blood pressure fluctuation (rising or falling). These premonitory symptoms are generally mild and short-lasting, and they are often ignored. (2) Clinical manifestations of cerebral infarction: The most common manifestations are as follows: (1) Sudden onset, which often occurs during quiet rest or sleep. The peak of onset is within several hours or 1 ~ 2 days. (2) Headache, dizziness, tinnitus, hemiplegia, which can be one limb or one limb, and the upper limb is heavier than the lower limb or the lower limb is heavier than the upper limb, and there are many cases of dysphagia, slurred speech, nausea and vomiting. If it is serious, it will soon be unconscious. Every patient can have the above-mentioned clinical manifestations. (3) Significance of brain CT examination: The accuracy of brain CT examination in showing the size and location of cerebral infarction focus is 66.5% ~ 89.2%, and the accuracy of first cerebral hemorrhage is 65,438+0,000%. Therefore, early CT examination is helpful for differential diagnosis and elimination of diseases such as cerebral hemorrhage. This is very important. The treatment of cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral thrombosis in the early stage of onset is very different. When the onset of cerebral infarction is within 24 hours, or the infarction focus is less than 8 mm, or the lesions are in the brain stem and cerebellum, brain CT examination often cannot provide a correct diagnosis. If necessary, it should be checked again in a short time to avoid delaying treatment. (4) There is a disease called "lacunar cerebral infarction". Patients can have no symptoms or mild symptoms. Because of other diseases, brain CT examination found this disease, some of which are old lesions. This situation is more common in the elderly, and patients are often accompanied by chronic diseases such as hypertension, arteriosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease and diabetes. Can lacunar cerebral infarction recur? Some patients eventually develop symptomatic cerebral infarction, and some patients have been in stable condition for many years. Therefore, we should pay attention to the "asymptomatic stroke" of the elderly and take a positive preventive attitude. (3) Rescue measures for cerebral infarction: Cerebral infarction should be treated as soon as possible. Although it is not as dangerous as cerebral hemorrhage, most patients are old and weak, with many chronic diseases, and there are many cases of careful medication in treatment. In addition, whether the infarct area can be enlarged in a short time will lead to many complications, so the mortality rate of cerebral infarction is higher than that of cerebral hemorrhage, and the disability rate is higher than that of cerebral hemorrhage. The principle of treatment is to improve cerebral circulation, prevent and treat brain edema and treat complications. 1? Proper exercise can improve cerebral circulation, but coma patients should stay in bed and strengthen nursing. 2? Improve cerebral blood circulation, increase cerebral blood flow, promote the establishment of collateral circulation, and reduce the infarct area. Low molecular dextran, 706 generation plasma, Venoruton, compound Danshen injection, ligustrazine, etc. All of them were given intravenous drip of 250-500ml for 7- 10 day. People with headache, nausea, vomiting or disturbance of consciousness can be dehydrated with 20% mannitol twice a day, 250 ml each time. 3? Thrombolytic therapy commonly uses urokinase and streptokinase to dissolve thrombus. 20000 ~ 50000 units of urokinase made in China were added into 0.56 mol/L 10% glucose solution for intravenous drip, once a day, and each course of treatment was 1 0 day. Some people also use urokinase to treat cerebral infarction through carotid artery, which is usually applied within 24 hours of onset. Because it is difficult to inject drugs through carotid puncture, it must be used in hospitals. Thrombolytic therapy should be applied early because thrombosis 1 day is rich in water, easy to dissolve, quick to take effect and short in course of treatment, but the condition should be closely observed to avoid the serious consequences of cerebral hemorrhage. 4? Hyperbaric oxygen therapy has been proved to be very effective in treating cerebral infarction and can greatly reduce the disability rate of cerebral infarction. Suitable for early application, once a day, 10 is 1 course of treatment, and the oxygen inhalation time is 90 ~ 1 10 minutes each time, which must be carried out in a closed pressurized room, subject to conditions. 5? The purpose of adjusting blood pressure and controlling hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia is to control the risk factors of diseases. But if the blood pressure is too high, don't step down too fast; When blood pressure is too low, it should be properly enhanced. Patients with cerebral infarction often have high blood sugar, which is not conducive to treatment and must be actively controlled. 6? Coma patients should pay attention to keep the respiratory tract unobstructed, suck sputum in time, turn over and pat their backs, and move their limbs to prevent pneumonia and bedsore. (4) Preventive measures for cerebral infarction: Cerebral infarction is easy to recur, and it is more serious every time. It is recommended to take low-dose aspirin orally, 0. 1 ~ 0.3g per day. Other drugs such as Kangshuan Pills, Sibelium, Vinorelbine, etc. can be used for a long time. When premonitory symptoms appear, can I choose low molecular dextran, compound Danshen injection and 4% sodium bicarbonate injection for intravenous injection once a day for 7 ~ 1 0 days? Actively treat hypertension, diabetes and coronary heart disease, maintain an optimistic and open-minded attitude towards life, and avoid emotional excitement and excessive fatigue. Restrictive sodium salt, control
More information about women's health can be obtained at www.51education.com. Healthy women are more beautiful. What should patients with cerebrovascular sclerosis pay attention to in diet? |
Answer 1: Cerebrovascular sclerosis is a kind of arteriosclerosis, which is very dangerous. Because it is easy to cause stroke, measures must be taken as soon as possible to prevent its further development. The main causes of cerebrovascular sclerosis are hyperlipidemia and excessive oxidation of free radicals in the body. Therefore, to deal with it, we must do two things: First, control blood lipids and eat more fruits and vegetables; Drink tea, especially black tea and green tea; Eat less animal fat; Take deep-sea salmon oil as an example. Second, supplement antioxidant vitamin C; Vitamin e supplementation; Supplement coenzyme Q- 10 (contained in sardines); Ginkgo biloba extract. The consulting team *** 1 person edits the answers. Patients with cerebrovascular sclerosis should pay attention to avoid greasy (high-fat, high-cholesterol) food, eat less meat appropriately, and eat some lean pork, lean beef, chicken and duck meat, etc. And try to eat less egg yolk. Eat more miscellaneous grains instead of flour and rice. Eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, especially some crude fiber foods, keep the stool unobstructed and avoid dryness, so as to avoid cerebrovascular accidents. & ltul & lt= " ul = " & gt
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