For various reasons, there are still many problems to be solved urgently in the physical and mental health education of primary school students. In order to explore and try the dribs and drabs of physical and mental health education for primary school students. The following is my humble opinion.
First, sports health education.
When it comes to sports health education, some people may say that children still lack sports. In fact, about 80% of the dolls are only children. Will their parents be willing to let them take part in labor? Another part is that both parents go out to work, and children give their left-behind children to grandparents or grandparents. These left-behind children, grandparents or grandparents are even more spoiled. With the gradual improvement of living standards, there is a lack of understanding of the reasonable collocation of children's nutritious meals. The phenomenon of overweight among primary school students is on the rise. Children who are eleven or twelve years old weigh more than 35 kilograms, generally reaching 25.9%. At present, this overweight phenomenon is not only for children, but also for adults. 60% to 70% of people are fat and potbellied, unlike working people at all, followed by beauty and ugliness. Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes are on the rise and tend to be "younger". This phenomenon can be called a common phenomenon in developing regions. Due to the improvement of material living standards, many people have a "belly"-the intestines are fat and the stomach is fat. But these areas have basically completed the transition from general "belly" to bodybuilding. However, in the process of this transformation, many people really paid the price of their lives-because of obesity, many people suffered from hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia, which led to various brain and cardiovascular diseases and took away their lives that they should not have lost. That developing obesity phenomenon is not alarmist when we want to complete the transformation from general "abdomen" to general bodybuilding, and the price paid will be much greater than that in developed areas.
To reduce this cost, the first key is to improve everyone's cultural and ideological quality and cultivate fitness habits and consciousness from an early age, and the responsibility of cultivating fitness habits from an early age falls on physical education in our primary schools. But does physical health education in primary schools bear this responsibility? What is the current situation of sports health education?
As far as I know, there are almost no full-time PE teachers, and even PE teachers have switched to teaching Chinese or mathematics for various reasons. Some schools even have crowded places where students gather. The physical education health class required by the new curriculum standard has become a "conceptual physical education health class" filled in the curriculum, because the physical education health class is taught by the class teacher who teaches Chinese or mathematics. You can imagine, regardless of whether you are professional or not. A teacher who has just taken one or two Chinese or math classes will immediately transfer him to physical education class class. How will he develop? The key is where is the venue? What about sports equipment? Because of this, as long as Chinese and math classes are tight, they must be Chinese and math classes. If they are not nervous, they should let the students play. Over time, students will innovate the physical education health class into "playing sports". It would be nice if we could act, but our teacher has to take care of the play. Playing with stones and saying that dirty hands will stain books; Playing with glass beads is considered a gambling game; Playing chasing is afraid of safety accidents ... but the game teacher who can make students clean, healthy and safe can't come up with it, which really stumbles our teacher and hurts our students. When these pupils enter junior high school or senior high school, they can't play basketball, table tennis or even queue up. How can you say that you have a sense of fitness and strong physical fitness? Historically, scholars have been demoted as helpless and useless people. Are we going to train such people today?
Today, the development of primary schools has reached the time when physical education and health education must be offered in an all-round way. This is the requirement of the times, and complete primary schools also have this condition-the scale has reached and the funds have been guaranteed. At present, the compulsory education funds invested by the state in our primary schools should be able to guarantee this expenditure. A complete primary school shall meet the following conditions or carry out sports health education:
First of all, there must be a sports ground and a basketball court, with a 200-meter circular runway. There should be bunkers for high jump and long jump on the playground. Secondly, it should be equipped with corresponding physical education teaching equipment. Such as basketball, table tennis table and a considerable number of table tennis and rackets, volleyball net and volleyball, badminton net and a certain number of badminton rackets and shuttlecocks, a considerable number of solid balls, jumping balls, steel tape measures, tape measures, stopwatches, skipping ropes, etc.
Third, complete primary schools should be equipped with more than one qualified full-time physical education teacher. The new curriculum standard requires full-time physical education teachers to be good at physical education class.
Fourth, schools should run in the morning and do exercises between classes. At the end of the semester, the school should evaluate the students' sports standards. Winter sports meeting for primary school students is held every year.
As long as this can be done, I believe that primary school physical education can also be done well. The primary school students we cultivate can also have strong physical fitness, and more importantly, cultivate students' fitness awareness from an early age. In this way, the students we cultivate will no longer be helpless white-faced scholars.
Second, mental health education.
What is the psychological quality of our primary school students now? What are the attitudes of our teachers and parents? In this regard, as long as the parents' meeting or the contact between teachers and parents is concerned about the test results, it can be seen. It is important to care about the exam results, but we should also pay attention to the students' character and personality. We should pay attention to the cultivation of knowledge and ability, but pay more attention to students' psychological needs and spiritual growth. I can't be alarmist. Judging from some cases that have happened, the mental health problems of primary school students should be paid special attention to. In a small environment, or contact with students, or hear and witness cases about students' mental health problems. At this point, I think people of insight will feel the same way with me. It is time to pay attention to the psychological quality education of rural primary school students.
So how should we implement mental health education in primary schools? First of all, it is definitely not the construction of mental health education theory. This theory has already formed and established a huge and systematic system. As a relatively systematic and independent discipline, it has entered the teaching materials of university education. Moreover, in 2002, the Ministry of Education defined the main tasks of mental health education in the "Guidelines for Mental Health Education in Primary and Secondary Schools": comprehensively promoting quality education, enhancing the pertinence, effectiveness and initiative of school moral education, helping students to establish a sense of seeking help when psychological behavior problems occur, promoting students to form healthy psychological quality, maintaining students' mental health, and reducing and avoiding various adverse effects on their mental health; Cultivate a new generation with physical and mental health, innovative spirit and practical ability, ideals, morality, education and discipline. So what problems should be solved first? As far as the present situation of primary schools is concerned, we must first solve the problems of the construction and implementation of the concept of mental health education for primary school educators, schools and teachers; It is necessary and necessary to change the old concept of "poor children take charge early" in traditional education, and children have strong psychological endurance. Secondly, after constructing and forming the concept of mental health education, primary school educators and teachers must take the knowledge of mental health education for primary school students as a compulsory course, and strive to improve the theoretical quality of mental health education, so as to scientifically guide us to carry out mental health education for primary school students. Third, schools should often carry out mental health education activity classes or special lectures, popularize common knowledge of mental health science to students, and help students master general mental health knowledge. Schools should establish psychological counseling rooms and arrange teachers with qualifications or knowledge and experience in this field to take charge (personnel in this field can pass further training). Use it to directly guide students to learn problems in life, solve psychological problems, diagnose and correct related psychological and behavioral problems. For individual students with serious mental illness, they can be identified and referred to the medical psychological diagnosis and treatment department in time. Mental health education should run through school education and teaching activities. It is necessary to create a material environment, interpersonal environment and psychological environment that meet the requirements of mental health education. Seek the opportunity of mental health education, attach importance to the role of teachers' personality charm and teachers' role in education and teaching, and establish a new relationship between teachers and students that is democratic, equal and respectful. Mental health education should permeate into classes, group activities and the work of class teachers. Schools should guide parents to change the concept of educating children, understand and master the methods of mental health education, pay attention to the cultivation of their own good psychological quality, create an environment for family mental health education, and influence children with their parents' ideals, pursuits, personalities and behaviors. In addition, our teachers should give mental health education to students, so our teachers should have a healthy and peaceful heart. Therefore, our teachers should constantly improve their mental health.
Even if the theoretical system is perfect and the methods are scientific and reasonable, as long as it is impossible to act, it is all empty talk. Therefore, the first step to solve the problem is to take action. As long as you take action, the second and third steps ... will be easy. There are no theoretical methods to study and practice. If there are no professionals, they can be sent to further study. Only by being moved can the mental health education of primary school students be gradually improved. For example, the above-mentioned cases of primary school students suspected of puppy love, if analyzed from the perspective of mental health, should be mental health problems, or even serious mental diseases, such as endocrine disorders. , must be referred to the medical psychology department for diagnosis and treatment. If our teachers can understand this, they will not blindly criticize, which will lead to loneliness, depression and insecurity, and then move towards self-isolation, rebellious psychology, and even negative psychology such as hatred, hostility and attack. In this case, our teacher should give parents scientific and reasonable guidance to avoid these psychological problems. If no action is taken, there will only be more and more psychological problems of primary school students, and more and more primary school students who need help but can't get it. In the long run, it may lead to a serious social problem.