Mental health education is the need of healthy growth and all-round development of primary and secondary scho
Mental health education is the need of healthy growth and all-round development of primary and secondary school students, which should be highly valued. Family and society should provide a good educational environment, and schools should educate students on mental health. The following is what I recommend to you, I hope you like it!
The first chapter is "the present situation, ways and countermeasures of mental health education in primary and secondary schools"
Abstract: Modern society not only requires people to be healthy, but also requires people to have a healthy mental state and good social adaptability. Therefore, it is of special significance to carry out mental health education in primary and secondary schools. Mental health education in China has just started and is in the exploratory stage. The development of schools is different, and there are also defects and problems in practice. It is necessary for higher education departments, school leaders, teachers and parents to actively explore, sum up their studies, accumulate experience and gradually improve the practice of mental health education.
Keywords: primary and secondary schools; Mental health education; Current situation; Mode; Solution countermeasures
First, the research status of mental health education in primary and secondary schools in China
1983, Professor Lin Chongde put forward the problem of cultivating students' good psychological quality for the first time in the book Psychology of Middle School Students; In the same year, Professor Yan put forward the problem of cultivating students' non-intelligence factors, which had a far-reaching impact on promoting the early practice of mental health education. 1986. Professor Ban Hua put forward the concept of "psychological education" for the first time, which aroused widespread concern in the education field. * * *, Professor Yan put forward the problem of strengthening psychological education and cultivating psychological quality; 199 1 year, Professor Ban Hua published "My Humble Opinion on Psychological Education" in "Educational Research", which systematically expounded the related issues of psychological education for the first time. In the same year, in the national discussion on quality education, many people of insight emphasized the core position and great role of psychological quality in the whole quality education [1]. These studies and discussions provided necessary guidance and support for the practice of mental health education in primary and secondary schools.
In recent years, many educational experts, scholars and practical workers have practiced and studied the cultivation of students' mental health quality from different angles and levels, and accumulated many useful and feasible experiences. By discussing the meaning of mental health, the content and principle of mental health education, the direction and principle of mental health education, the teacher training and mode of mental health education, the arrangement and practical methods of mental health education, the research of mental health education has gradually developed from a vague overall expression to a more in-depth study. However, with the development of mental health education, there are also some problems: backward ideas, serious and rapid development, but large regional differences, lack of professional talents, and the current education system has seriously suppressed the enthusiasm of schools to carry out psychological education.
Second, the ways of mental health education in primary and secondary schools
There are many ways to improve students' mental health quality in psychological education in primary and secondary schools.
* * * a * * infiltration of mental health education courses.
Sound personality and healthy psychological quality can be achieved not only through a mental health education course, but also through the comprehensive infiltration and coordination of various disciplines. Carrying out mental health education through subject infiltration is a natural way to achieve mental health goals. Although this method is not a systematic mental health education, it is the basic way to carry out mental health education in primary and secondary schools. Teachers can infiltrate the corresponding mental health education content according to the teaching content and the characteristics of learning activities; School activities and campus culture should also permeate mental health education, forming many non-professional channels to promote the development of school mental health education.
* * * Two * * specialized mental health education courses.
The subject courses of mental health education teach students the necessary mental health knowledge in the form of classroom teaching, and convey it to students in a way that is easy to understand and close to their lives. Mental health courses cannot copy psychological concepts, and some schools even make students recite a lot of nouns and concepts, which not only fails to maintain students' mental health, but also increases students' learning burden and psychological pressure.
* * * Three * * * Conduct psychological counseling and counseling in schools.
In the mental health education system of primary and secondary schools, psychological consultation and counseling are extremely important components and the most specialized educational content. Primary and secondary schools should establish counseling rooms or counseling rooms, and each school should be equipped with 1-2 full-time counseling teachers. As far as the physical and mental characteristics of primary and secondary school students are concerned, the appropriate forms of school psychological counseling are individual psychological counseling, group psychological counseling, column psychological counseling and on-site psychological counseling. Psychological counseling can help students overcome psychological troubles and solve psychological puzzles and even psychological problems in a targeted and effective way.
* * * Four * * attach importance to family education.
The important influence of family environment on children's mental health has always been highly valued by psychologists and educators, among which family structure, parent-child relationship and parental rearing patterns have a far-reaching impact on students' mental health development. A survey conducted by Nanjing Normal University shows that 18.9% of middle school students living in families with harmonious family relations have excellent academic performance, while 10.9% have poor academic performance. 39.3% have excellent moral character and 7.35% have poor moral character. Middle school students who live in families with tense family members have excellent academic performance of 0 and poor academic performance of 16.7%. Excellent moral quality accounts for 33.3%, and poor moral quality accounts for 33.3%. [2] The role of family psychological atmosphere: it affects family interpersonal relationship, family life quality, children's growth, children's cognition, children's emotions, children's moral character and children's health * * * Physical health and mental health * * *. [3] The family should pay attention to optimizing the educational methods to provide students with a warm family atmosphere and let children grow up independently. School mental health education and parents' family counseling are conducive to improving the parenting style of students' parents and are of great significance to improving the mental health level of young students.
* * * Five * * * The work of the head teacher
Mental health education is not only the task of mental health teachers, but also the important content of class teachers' work. The head teacher has been in contact with students for a long time and many times, and has a unique advantage in understanding students comprehensively and carrying out mental health education. The duty of the class teacher is to help collect students' information, understand students' mental health and psychological development level, and pay attention to discovering and helping to solve individual students' psychological problems; Assist in educating and guiding students' parents; Participate in the compilation and selection of teaching materials for psychological counseling activities. [4]
Third, the countermeasures of mental health education in primary and secondary schools
At present, it is imperative for schools to strengthen mental health education, and relevant national policies provide a strong guarantee for psychological education. How to make primary and secondary school students grow up psychologically and how to combine psychology with education more perfectly, we should:
First, education administrative departments at all levels and relevant social departments will further increase their support for mental health education in primary and secondary schools. Strengthen the organization and leadership of mental health education in primary and secondary schools and increase administrative support; More full-time staff engaged in management, education and research and other related work, increase human support; Set up special funds for mental health education teacher training, publicity activities, equipment and materials purchase in primary and secondary schools, and increase material support; Create conditions to encourage and support primary and secondary school teachers to actively participate in relevant training and study, and increase spiritual support. [5]
Second, the combination of theoretical research and practical operation forms a "two-way adjustment" between theory and practice. Completely change the situation that the theoretical development of mental health education lags behind the specific practice of schools, and more and more theoretical workers will participate in the practice of mental health education in primary and secondary schools.
Third, accelerate the scientific and standardized process of mental health education in primary and secondary schools. Drawing lessons from western psychological counseling and consulting theory, through the research on the mental health status of primary and secondary school students in China, we can find out the methods and theories that are really suitable for mental health education of primary and secondary school students in China, and develop measurement technology and information technology that are suitable for China. And make it standardized and scientific, so that this work can develop healthily and smoothly.
Fourth, strengthen the training of mental health education teachers in primary and secondary schools, and gradually establish a teacher training system. It is necessary to train professional practitioners through different levels of training institutions. First of all, we should rely on the psychology department, education department or related majors of professional colleges and comprehensive universities for training, with emphasis on theoretical training and academic training; Secondly, short-term training is conducted through relevant educational institutions, academic groups and research institutions at all levels, with emphasis on operational training and on-the-job training. This kind of training has great potential in recent years.
Fifth, actively carry out research and academic exchanges on mental health education in primary and secondary schools. Because the mental health education in primary and secondary schools in China started late, we should organize and participate in various forms of academic exchanges at home and abroad in the future to promote the healthy development of mental health education in China.
References:
[1] Chen Jialin, school psychological education [M]. Beijing: Education Science Press, 1995.438+02.
[2] Wang Daojun, Wang Hanlan, Pedagogy [M]. Beijing: People's Education Press, 200 1.509.
[3] Liu Jianhua, thinking and practice of mental health education in primary and secondary schools [D]. Wuhan Huazhong Normal University, 2005.26
[4] Li Zhikai, mental health education in primary and secondary schools [M]. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 2009.6438+084
[5] Analysis and reflection on the current situation of mental health education in Yanji City, Zhang Yuxia [D]. Jilin: Yanbian University, 2003.22
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