Fruits are rich in nutrition and delicious. Some of them can produce saliva to quench thirst, relieve summer heat and relieve annoyance, some can strengthen the stomach and help digestion, and some have the effect of treating diseases. But when eating fruit, we should also pay attention to a healthy and scientific diet. Before eating fruit, it is best to disinfect the fruit, soak it in 0. 1% potassium permanganate or 0.2% bleaching powder solution for 5- 10 minutes, and then rinse it with clear water. Or blanch in boiling water for about half a minute to sterilize. Some fruits can be washed with cold water and peeled to eat, which can not only remove bacteria attached to the skin, but also avoid eating pesticide residues on the skin. Don't eat "four don't eat" 1) Don't eat immature fruits, because such fruits contain more tannins and taste bad. 2) Don't pick wild fruits you don't know, because some wild fruits are harmful to human body. 3) Don't eat rotten fruit, because there are a lot of bacteria in this kind of fruit, which is easy to cause disease. 4) Don't peel nuts casually, because some nuts contain toxic substances (such as bitter almonds and loquat kernels). ), it will cause poisoning after eating. Pay attention to the nature and therapeutic effect of fruit. Some sour fruits help digestion, such as hawthorn, papaya, loquat, sour apples, pears and grapes, which should be eaten after meals. Other fruits, such as raw ginkgo, can cause poisoning and must be cooked. Pineapple can cause allergic reactions in some people, and persimmon can cause gastrolith if eaten improperly, which needs attention. Different fruits have different properties, which are generally divided into wet, cool and neutral. If you can choose food according to your physical condition, it will be more conducive to your health. For example, usually weak, afraid of cold, cold hands and feet, loose stools and so on. The so-called "body of deficiency and cold" should choose to eat warm or neutral fruits; On the contrary, if you are thirsty, upset, dry stool, etc. The so-called "getting angry" and "getting angry" should choose to eat cool fruits. Properties of common fruits Temperate fruits: hawthorn, cherry, pomegranate, litchi, olive, papaya, ginkgo, etc. Cool fruits: watermelon, melon, pear, orange, orange, banana, mulberry, persimmon, water chestnut, etc. Neutral fruits: grapes, apples, peaches, apricots, pineapples, longan, sugar cane, ebony, etc.
Six Points for Attention in Outdoor Activities in Summer
In summer, when you do outdoor crossing, mountain climbing, cycling and other sports, the sun is quite strong. Please note the following:
1. Sun protection: Generally speaking, the team starts in the morning, and it is nearly noon when they arrive at the starting place. The team hasn't advanced for a long time. It's noon when the temperature is the highest, and the sun is like fire. The ultraviolet rays in the sun are particularly strong. Long-term exposure to the hot sun will cause burns of 1~2 degrees, and heatstroke will occur. Ultraviolet rays can also penetrate the skin and bones and radiate to the meninges and retina.
counter-measure
When the weather is hot, you should try to avoid taking the fire belt along the coastline and ridge to participate in general activities. You must bring a sun hat, sunglasses, a sunscreen towel, a long-sleeved shirt, and ten drops of Ren Dan Huoxiang Zhengqi Pill and other heatstroke prevention drugs.
drink water
In summer, outdoor sports sweat a lot, so you should replenish water in time. However, if you drink water in the wrong way, it will lead to bad consequences. Many models in beverage advertisements often pick up a bottle of beverage and drink it down when they are exercising or resting, as if to quench their thirst. In fact, from the perspective of exercise physiology, drinking a lot of water during and after exercise is very harmful, which will increase the burden on the blood circulation system, especially the digestive system of the heart and cause more fatigue. Drinking plenty of water will only result in sweating more.
Response measures:
Take a few sips at a time. Generally speaking, a day's activities in summer (5-8 hours) need at least 2-3 liters of drinking water, and even 6 liters of water at high temperature. Suggested carrying capacity: 600 ml bottled water is above 4P, 550 ml sports drink is above 1P, and 50 g pickled mustard tuber can also be used to prepare sports drinks. Formula: several cups of green tea or black tea (2 bags in a bag).
3. Fever (heat exhaustion and heatstroke)
Taking part in outdoor sports in summer, due to the high temperature and large amount of exercise, the heat accumulation in the body is more than radiation. If you don't pay attention to prevention, it's easy to have a fever, ranging from heat exhaustion to heatstroke.
When people exercise in hot days, in order to lower their body temperature, the blood vessels of the skin will expand, and a large amount of perspiration will lead to water loss, and the blood circulating to important parts such as the brain will be reduced to abnormal levels, resulting in the following symptoms: rapid pulse, cold skin, dizziness, weakness and nausea. This is heat failure. If not treated in time, the body temperature will further accumulate and the temperature of key organs of the body will rise to a dangerous level. There will be emergency symptoms: rapid pulse, fatigue, headache, mental state change (confusion or inability to cooperate, slowly falling into coma), skin fever and flushing, indicating that heatstroke has occurred, which will be life-threatening if it is not treated in time.
In order to prevent the sun and body from being pulled by thatched thorns, it is necessary to wear hats and trousers when marching, but this brings the problem of heat dissipation. To help your body temperature dissipate, you can soak your hat in water while walking in the sun. Walk out of the sun and take off your hat; When resting, try to put down your backpack and untie the neckline of your coat; The best place to rest is in the dark and ventilated place.
Pay attention to the rhythm when marching. Every walk should not exceed 1 hour, rest for about 30 minutes at high temperature, and rest for 5 ~ 15 minutes according to specific conditions, so as to avoid heatstroke caused by rapid pulse, high body temperature and excessive sweating. In addition, we must pay attention to replenish water, salt and electrolyte along the way, and bring heatstroke prevention drugs.
Response measures:
If muscle cramps occur, immediately find a place to rest, massage at the cramped area, slowly stretch the muscles at the cramped area, and the most important thing is to replenish water and electrolytes in time.
When there is heat exhaustion, you must rest immediately. It is best to find a cool place, raise the patient's feet and slightly lower his head, immediately replenish water, electrolyte and liquid, and take ten drops of heatstroke prevention and cooling drugs such as Ren Dan Huoxiang Zhengqi Pill.
When heatstroke occurs, the patient must be treated immediately. Patients may be unable to cooperate because of confusion. We must help the patient to a cool place, use steam to cool down, sprinkle water evenly on the patient's head, and constantly blow air. It is best to have ice cubes, wrap them in a towel and put them on your head to cool down. When the body temperature returns to normal temperature, it is not necessary to cool down, but we should continue to observe the patient's body temperature and physical condition. If there is nothing wrong with the patient's vomiting reflex and swallowing ability, the patient can be given cold liquid objects, supplemented with water, electrolyte and liquid, and take ten drops of heatstroke prevention and cooling drugs such as Ren Dan Huoxiang Zhengqi Pill.
Generally speaking, most patients with heat exhaustion can basically continue to complete the follow-up activities after returning to normal after treatment. Unless they recover well, it is recommended to find someone to accompany them out of the activity.
catch cold
Exercise at high temperature in summer can produce heat quickly inside the human body, and the skin capillaries are greatly expanded, which is beneficial to body heat dissipation. If you encounter cold stimulation, the pores that have been opened on the body surface will suddenly close, leading to dysfunction of internal organs of the body and abnormal temperature regulation of the brain, leading to illness, usually a cold, that is, a summer cold, or even more serious diseases.
Response measures:
When marching in summer and sweating profusely, if there are mountain springs, streams, ponds, etc. Or pass by the seaside, don't jump down and take a cold bath for a while. Even after the activity, wait until the body temperature drops, and then take a cold bath after the activity. If everyone's return car is air-conditioned or in an air-conditioned room, don't turn on the air conditioner and blow it directly at the car body. It is best to open the window to cool down with natural wind, and then turn on the air conditioner after the body temperature drops.
5. Cold drinks
If you have iced drinks, it is very enjoyable to participate in outdoor activities in summer. However, don't eat a lot of cold drinks during or immediately after the activity, which will not only lower the temperature of the stomach, but also dilute the gastric juice and damage the physiological function of the stomach, ranging from indigestion and diarrhea to acute gastritis.
Response measures:
A small amount of cold drinks is good for cooling, but it should not be excessive. The frozen drinks brought by everyone before departure should be treated according to the specific situation. After drinking several times, wait until the body temperature drops significantly before drinking frozen drinks or beer.
6. clothes:
In summer, outdoor sports sweat a lot, and clothes get wet quickly. Many people's clothes are often wet after they arrive at their destination, and it is extremely harmful to try to dry them by their own body temperature. In the long run, it will lead to diseases such as rheumatism or arthritis.
Response measures:
Take a set of dry clothes (especially a coat) and a coat in your backpack before taking part in the activity. When you arrive at your destination, change your wet clothes immediately. When resting during activities, if you rest for a long time in windy conditions, you should put on your coat in time, otherwise the wind will take away a lot of body heat, and people's body will alternate between cold and heat, which will easily lead to illness.
In order to facilitate sweat volatilization and heat dissipation, it is best to buy quick-drying clothes made of chemical fiber for outdoor activities. The best clothes are quick-drying and UV-proof, and the trouser legs can be turned off (turned over).