1. In adolescence, due to the maturity and perfection of the brain, the brain function is more and more developed, the judgment and analysis of thinking are more and more obvious, and the scope of thinking is more and more extensive and rich. In particular, the way of thinking and the perspective of thinking have surpassed the simple and single positive thinking in childhood and developed into reverse thinking, multi-directional thinking or divergent thinking. Especially, teenagers gradually learn and master the methods of reverse thinking in the process of contacting social culture and education. It is the development of teenagers' thinking and the formation and mastery of reverse thinking that provide psychological basis and possibility for the emergence of reverse psychology.
2. Adolescents' sexual development gradually matures, which leads to more obvious and prominent sexual characteristics, and then gender awareness and sexual awareness are gradually strengthened and established. Due to the development of sex, gender consciousness and sexual consciousness are further weaned psychologically, and then gradually form a strong sense of personality, independence and adult consciousness. It is the formation of these consciousness that makes them think that they have grown up and should manage themselves and make their own decisions. Faced with teachers' education and parents' advice, they consciously or unconsciously avoid, dislike or even deviate. Teachers' tireless teaching and parents' earnest exhortation have long been dispelled by a strong sense of independence and adulthood.
Although the physical and mental development of adolescence has made a great leap, their physical and mental development is unbalanced and even contradictory. This contradiction and imbalance are mainly manifested in physical maturity and psychological immaturity. Specifically, because of the lack of experience and experience in psychological cognitive development, teenagers are not firm in cognition and easy to shake. Although their thinking is independent and critical, their cognition of things and views on problems are greatly deviated, resulting in one-sided, extreme, stubborn and extreme cognition. Teachers' normal education often thinks from the opposite side, treating teachers' persuasion, demands and criticism, parents' guidance, reminder and supervision as "management", "card" and "pressure", which is not good for themselves and hurts their self-esteem, and then puts themselves on the opposite side of teachers.
Second: objective factors. The objective factors of teenagers' rebellious psychology are:
1, the influence of bad family factors. Family is the basic environment for teenagers to grow up and the first place to receive education in life. Different educational methods in the family will cultivate children's different psychological qualities and personalities. Some families' bad educational methods directly affect the formation of teenagers' rebellious psychology. For example, parents' simple and rude education methods, such as imperative and arbitrary education methods, as well as high expectations and strict requirements in life and study, all of which have invisibly caused a kind of pressure on children's psychology. When this kind of pressure keeps accumulating and settling, and teenagers can't find a good solution, they are emotionally opposed to our series of education, preaching and persuasion, emotionally dissatisfied, and then have rebellious psychology.
2. The influence of bad factors in school. School is the main environment for teenagers' growth and socialization, and the role of bad factors in school is another factor and the main factor of teenagers' rebellious psychology. The negative factors in schools have an influence on the rebellious psychology of young students, mainly in the following aspects: First, the deviation of teachers' educational guiding ideology and improper methods. Specifically, in order to complete the teaching tasks, some teachers have the idea of coping with the errands such as completing the teaching tasks. Under the guidance of this idea, teachers don't seriously explore the best and most effective ways and means of education, and education is scripted from content to form, which makes students feel disgusted with education or psychologically rebellious. Second, in the teaching process, teachers don't respect young students and don't consider their psychological feelings and experiences. When they have problems, they do not analyze the problems from the perspective of teenagers, but blindly emphasize the dignity of teachers, which leads them to reject the educators themselves, and then have a rebellious attitude towards our education. Third, some teachers can't objectively evaluate students' personality, ability and grades. Paying too much attention to grades and clinging to students' small mistakes make students have the idea that "teachers lose confidence in themselves", which is emotionally antagonistic, deviating or even contrary to teachers. In addition, the aging of our teaching content, educational indoctrination and cramming are also one of the factors that cause teenagers' rebellious psychology.
3. The influence of bad factors of peer group. Peer groups refer to groups of the same or similar age. Among many peer groups, teenagers are most influenced by peer groups and have the most obvious dependence on peer groups. This is because among teenagers, teenagers not only have the same psychological feelings and needs, but also have similar hobbies, interests and behavioral tendencies. They are easy to identify with each other and can realize or cause mutual transformation and infection. Among them, the positive values and behavioral tendencies of adolescent peer groups are generally consistent with the educational purposes of family, school and society, and the individual psychology of adolescents is more normal and reasonable. However, the bad values and behavioral tendencies in adolescent peer groups have a negative impact on the psychology of some adolescents. For example, young students' bad views on heroes, showing off, singing naysayers, etc., make some normal teenagers psychologically influenced imperceptibly, coupled with the instability and imitation of teenagers' own psychology, it is easy to form their rebellious psychology. Therefore, in the formation of teenagers' rebellious psychology, the influence of peer groups can not be ignored.
4. The influence of mass communication and social culture. With the advent of the information age and the development of mass communication, the influence of mass media on teenagers is expanding day by day, which not only provides new ways for teenagers to learn, seek knowledge and receive education, but also brings some negative effects. Mass media focuses on the public in information selection and production, but ignores the concern for young audiences, so that some bad and secular factors in adult culture, or the content that was originally used to warn the public and teenagers because of exposing a certain phenomenon or making the consistency of programs, are passively accepted by teenagers; In addition, because mass communication also emphasizes freshness, it introduces some fashionable novel phenomena at home and abroad, such as punk, hippie and rock culture with anti-judgment spirit, which also influences and radiates the formation of anti-cultural mentality and anti-cultural consciousness of China teenagers.