Children's psychological and behavioral disorders. Every parent is most concerned about the baby's physical health, but have you ever cared about the baby's mental health? How to deal with these mental health problems can not be ignored. The following share children's psychological and behavioral disorders, hoping to help everyone.
Children's psychological behavior disorder 1 the harm of children's psychological disorder
Stress reaction and maladjustment reaction. Emergency response is a response caused by unexpected danger or tension, which is manifested as emotional tension, allergic feeling, panic, fatigue and weakness. Severe cases include depression, fear, anxiety, stupor, forgetfulness and autonomic dysfunction (such as palpitation, sweating, anorexia, urgency, trembling, etc.). )
Mild mental illness, namely neurosis, also known as neurosis, is a psychological disorder or abnormality caused by temporary disorder of brain functional activities. The common ones are neurasthenia, anxiety, hysteria, obsessive-compulsive neurosis, phobia and depressive neurosis.
Physical and mental diseases refer to physical dysfunction or organic damage induced by psychosocial factors, such as heart disease, digestive tract ulcer, asthma, hyperthyroidism, diabetes, menstrual disorder, neurodermatitis and so on.
Serious mental illness, the psychological function of children patients completely collapsed, mainly schizophrenia, mania, depression and so on.
Personality disorder, personality disorder is the expression of imperfect mental development, which can last for life.
Causes of children's psychological disorders
The first reason occurs in the perinatal period. There are many reasons for children's psychological disorders, some of which will appear in the perinatal period. If a woman suffers from infectious diseases, poisoning, malnutrition, abdominal trauma, etc. during pregnancy, then there will be asphyxia and hypoxia, dystocia and birth injury at birth, which will lead to psychological obstacles for some children.
The second is the lack of formal education in kindergartens. Relatively speaking, the children in the three kindergartens are lively and cheerful, sociable, disciplined and polite. Such children generally do not have any serious psychological obstacles, while some children at home will be too shy and afraid to meet people. Once in a strange environment, they will become difficult to adapt, which will lead to psychological barriers.
The third is the family environment factor. The causes of children's psychological disorders are closely related to family environment factors. Under normal circumstances, children whose families are not harmonious or whose parents are divorced feel inferior, depressed, withdrawn and impatient, which will lead to psychological abnormalities of children. Improper educational methods are also the main reason for children's psychological obstacles. Some parents indulge and obey their children, which will make them form a bad character of pride, selfishness and willfulness. In addition, the inconsistency of education methods is also the reason.
Children's psychological behavior disorder 2 What are the methods to overcome psychological disorder?
First, the method of spiritual victory. When your career, love and marriage are not satisfactory, when you are sad because you have not been treated reasonably economically, when you are angry because of personal attacks or unfair evaluation, when you are unhappy because of physical defects, you might as well use the spirit of Ah Q to adjust your unbalanced psychology.
Second, it is hard to be confused. This is a protective net for the psychological environment from erosion. "Confuse the audience" on some unprincipled issues, and treat all kinds of tensions with a calm and peaceful attitude.
Third, let nature take its course. Everyone will encounter some unpleasant events, such as birth and death, natural disasters and man-made disasters. Treat them calmly and carefree, and you will have a quiet and fresh spiritual world.
Fourth, humorous way of life. When people are frustrated or in an awkward and tense situation, humor can be used to resolve difficulties and maintain psychological balance. Humor is the lubricant of interpersonal relationship, which makes a heavy mind open-minded and cheerful.
Fifth, the method of releasing stagnation. Venting is a normal psychological and physiological need of people. When you are sad and depressed, you might as well talk to friends and relatives, or do a favorite sport, or go on a trip to change your mood.
Sixth, the concept of music. When you feel anxious, depressed and nervous, you might as well try "psychological massage"-music meditation.
Children's psychological and behavioral disorders III. Several manifestations of children's psychological disorder
If psychological deviation is not corrected in time, it may develop into psychopathy. There are the following kinds of children's psychopathy.
1, ADHD, also known as mild brain dysfunction. The main manifestations are inattention, frequent small movements, great emotional fluctuation and poor self-control ability, which seriously affects learning.
2. Tourette's disease. It is mainly manifested in involuntary, aimless and repeated rapid muscle spasms in some parts of the body, while it is characterized by nervousness, timidity and inferiority in character.
3. Anxiety. Refers to a sudden state of fear without obvious physical reasons. The specific manifestations are lack of self-confidence, over-sensitivity, loss of appetite and crying for no reason.
4. phobia. Fear and avoidance of certain things or situations, such as fear of lightning, extreme nervousness, and running around with your head in your arms.
5, insomnia. It is difficult for children to fall asleep. They wake up from time to time, crying loudly, and even sleepwalking, but they can't remember it during the day, only feeling lack of energy and emotional instability.
6. Aggressiveness. Such children run around all day, often play pranks and like to be sarcastic. If you don't cherish beautiful things, hitting people becomes a hobby.
7. jealousy. It is difficult to tolerate the merits and achievements of others. Seeing others succeed is worse than seeing themselves fail, and they often slander others.
8. greed. Extremely selfish, all self-centered, strong desire for material possession, regardless of the interests of the public and others.
9. cowardice. Low psychological level. Slow response to external stimuli, lack of autonomy, and even being bullied by others will not defend themselves.
10, sexual allergy. Often influenced by primitive sexual desire, they indulge in sexual fantasies, either dare not associate with the opposite sex, or attack and tease the opposite sex for no reason, or even force sexual behavior.
Children's psychological behavior disorder 4 The problem of children's psychological disorder can not be ignored.
Everyone wants their baby to be smart and healthy. Parents are very concerned about their children's physical health, but have parents ever cared about their children's mental health? Experts pointed out that mental health problems of preschool children are widespread at present. If parents do not pay attention to the protection of children's mental health, it will lead to children's inadaptability to school at school age, such as learning difficulties and communication difficulties, and even lead to more serious consequences.
Newborns usually have only two reactions after birth 1 month. One is the' happy mood' after being satisfied and comforted; The other is the unpleasant emotions caused by hunger, cold and diaper. Three-month-old newborns will have six emotional reactions: desire, joy, disgust, anger, panic and boredom.
Psychological problems in infancy mainly include brain and psychological development disorders, bad eating habits, sleeping habits and defecation habits, speech disorders, negative emotions (such as jealousy, fear, separation anxiety) and some bad behavior problems (such as sucking fingers or clothes, biting nails, pulling hair, etc.). )./kloc-The psychological obstacles of children over 0/year old are mainly three aspects: inattention, learning disability and emotional personality problems. 80% of children are learning disabilities, that is, sensory integration disorder.
Causes of children's psychological problems
The reason why so many children have learning disabilities is related to their birth experience and early education. Judging from the current situation, the causes of psychological disorders of preschool children mainly include the following aspects.
First, the influence of prenatal education. Now many mothers listen to prenatal education tapes, but they find that some children are deaf because of inappropriate auditory stimulation. The fetus should have a quiet growing environment and should not be disturbed for no reason.
Second, there is no influence of crawling training. At present, two-thirds of urban children lack crawling training and use walkers too early. Infants and young children will try their best to look up when crawling, and the coordination ability of limbs, hands and eyes will be trained. Children who have no crawling experience may not listen to their hands, be inattentive and do their homework too slowly when they grow up.
Third, the lack of formal education. Children who have attended kindergarten are lively, cheerful, gregarious, disciplined and polite. But the children at home are too shy to meet people and it is difficult to adapt in a strange environment.
Fourth, the influence of compulsory learning. Now some parents consciously let their children recite poems, dictionaries and maps. Some experts believe that children should not be trained in mechanical memory before the age of 3. A child's brain capacity is limited. Before the age of 3, we should focus on cultivating children's adaptability, language ability and imagination, rather than mechanical memory.
Fifth, the influence of educational methods, such as parents' connivance and obedience to children, makes children form bad characters such as pride, selfishness and willfulness; The other is to use educational means such as beating, cursing, scaring and shutting down. In particular, parents' contradictory parenting attitude will make children have psychological problems.
Sixth, the influence of family atmosphere, the worse the degree of family harmony, the worse the mental health of children. Discordant families or divorced parents make children feel at a loss or lose their proper caress, which is easy to form abnormal psychology such as inferiority complex, depression, eccentric personality and impatience.
What is mental health?
Mental health, also known as mental health, refers to taking various measures to form healthy individual psychological activities, cultivate sound personality, improve social adaptability and prevent physical and mental diseases according to the general laws of people's psychological activities. Mental health also refers to people's health. There are five signs of children's mental health.
1, normal intelligence.
2. Emotional stability and happiness.
3. The coordination of sound will and behavior.
4. Good personality and self-awareness.
5. Harmonious interpersonal communication.